Download WYSE – “Academic Challenge” - Worldwide Youth in Science and

2010 Academic Challenge
BIOLOGY TEST - STATE FINALS
This Test Consists of 50 Questions
Biology Test Production Team
Donna Ford, John A. Logan College – Author/Team Leader
Julie Ellis, Kaskaskia College – Author
Keith Krapf, John A. Logan College – Reviewer
Mary Weaver, WYSE – Coordinator of Test Production
GENERAL DIRECTIONS
Please read the following instructions carefully. This is a timed test; any instructions from the test
supervisor should be followed promptly.
The test supervisor will give instructions for filling in any necessary information on the answer sheet.
Most Academic Challenge sites will ask you to indicate your answer to each question by marking an
oval that corresponds to the correct answer for that question. Only one oval should be marked to
answer each question. Multiple ovals will automatically be graded as incorrect answers.
If you wish to change an answer, erase your first mark completely before marking your new choice.
You are advised to use your time effectively and to work as rapidly as you can without losing
accuracy. Do not waste your time on questions that seem too difficult for you. Go on to the other
questions, and then come back to the difficult ones later if time remains.
*** TIME: 40 MINUTES ***
DO NOT OPEN TEST BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO!
© 2010 Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering
“WYSE”, “Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering” and the “WYSE Design” are service marks of and
this work is the Copyright © 2010 of the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign.
All rights reserved.
WYSE – Academic Challenge
Biology Test (State Finals) – 2010
1.
The pancreas does not produce ____.
a. insulin
2.
b. glucagon
b. cocci
c. lipid
d. nucleic acid
e. both a and b
b. phosphorous
c. nitrogen
d. sulfur
e. hydrologic
collar cells – sponge
tube feet – planarian
green glands – crayfish
notochord – lancelet
nematocyst – jelly fish
Which is the correct order starting with simplest to most complex plants?
bryophyte
horsetail
bryophyte
monocot
horsetail





horsetail
bryophyte
horsetail
ginkgo
monocot





monocot
ginkgo
ginkgo
horsetail
ginkgo
 ginkgo
 monocot
 monocot
 bryophyte
 bryophyte
Barr bodies inactivate the ____ chromosome.
a. X
9.
b. protein
Which structure is not associated with the correct animal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
8.
e. spirillum
The ____ cycle requires many soil bacteria such as Rhizobium.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
7.
d. spirochete
PEP carboxylase
ATP synthase
DNA polymerase
amylase
dehydrogenase
a. carbon
6.
c. bacilli
The enzyme used by C4 plants to fix carbon dioxide is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
5.
e. lipase
An antigen is a molecule that is usually a ____.
a. carbohydrate
4.
d. pepsin
Which is not a common shape of bacteria?
a. star
3.
c. amylase
b. Y
c. autosomal
d. first
e. twenty-first
All viruses are composed of ____.
a. RNA
b. nucleic acids
c. protein
d. a and c
e. b and c
2010 State Finals
Biology – 2
10.
Western Blot is used to transfer ____.
a. DNA
11.
enhancers
upstream promoter elements
TATA box
DNA methylation
operon
DNA; sheep
sheep; monkeys
monkeys; sheep
mice; sheep
none of the above
When molecules heat up they spread apart.
When molecules cool they shrink.
When water freezes it crystallizes and becomes less dense.
Liquid nitrogen is used for flash freezing.
Dry ice releases CO as it thaws.
Calvin-Benson is to ____, as Kreb is to ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
15.
light dependent reactions; light independent reactions
light independent reactions; light dependent reactions
light independent reactions; aerobic respiration
aerobic respiration; light independent reactions
none of the above
DNA replication is semiconservative in nature because it has ____ percent of the genetic
information from its parent strand.
a. 10%
16.
e. all of these
Which of the following statements is not true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
14.
d. carbohydrate
Francis Collins is to ____, as Ian Wilmut is to ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
13.
c. protein
There are many molecules used and responsible for controlling eukaryotic transcription.
Which is not one of the regulatory elements?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
12.
b. RNA
b. 15%
c. 25%
d. 50%
e. 75%
The epidermis, primary xylem, primary phloem, pith, and cortex are produced by the ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
lateral meristem
apical meristem
intercalary meristem
both a and c
none of the above
2010 State Finals
Biology – 3
17.
Match the scientists in Column A with the scientists from Column B whose research was
similar in nature.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
Maurice Wilkins
Gregor Mendel
James Watson
Carolus Linnaeus
Alfred Wallace
Fred Griffith
Thomas Morgan
Oswald Avery
Rosalind Franklin
Robert Whittaker
Francis Crick
Charles Darwin
Select the most appropriate matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
18.
1 – iii;
1 – iii;
1 – vi;
1 – ii;
1 – iii;
2 – v;
2 – i;
2 – v;
2 – i;
2 – i;
3 – i;
3 – v;
3 – iv;
3 – v;
3 – v;
4 – iv;
4 – iv;
4 – iii;
4 – iv;
4 – iv;
5 – ii;
5 – vi;
5 – ii;
5 – iii;
5 – ii;
6 – vi
6 – ii
6–i
6 – vi
6 – vi
Match the process in Column A with its location from Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Calvin cycle
Photolysis
Glycolysis
Electron transport system
Citric acid cycle
cytosol
granum
cristae
stroma
matrix
Select the most appropriate matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
19.
1 – iv;
1 – ii;
1 – ii;
1 – iv;
1 – iii;
2 – i;
2 – iii;
2 – iv;
2 – ii;
2 – iv;
3 – ii;
3 – i;
3 – v;
3 – i;
3 – v;
4 – iii;
4 – v;
4 – i;
4 – iii;
4 – ii;
5–v
5 – iv
5 – iii
5–v
5–i
If the anticodon sequence is UACUGACCG the original DNA template strand would be
____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
TACTCTGGC
AUGACUGGC
ATGACACCG
TACTGACCG
none of the above
2010 State Finals
Biology – 4
20.
Match the mammal type in Column A with the example in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1. Egg laying
2. Marsupials
3. Eutherians
i. giraffes
ii. platypus
iii. opossum
Select the most appropriate matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
21.
3 – iii
3–i
3–i
3 – iii
3 – ii
Glycolysis
fermentation
citric acid cycle
fermentation
glycolysis





citric acid cycle
glycolysis
fermentation
citric acid cycle
citric acid cycle





fermentation
electron transport system
chemiosmosis
chemiosmosis
chemiosmosis
A chemical that has shown a strong effect in blocking the replication of Hepatitis C virus
was discovered in ____ leaves.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
23.
2 – ii;
2 – ii;
2 – iii;
2 – i;
2 – i;
Which is the correct order for the stages of aerobic cellular respiration?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
22.
1 – i;
1 – iii;
1 – ii;
1 – ii;
1 – iii;
raspberry
blueberry
strawberry
tomato
none of the above
Match the plant types in Column A with the plant examples in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
vascular plants
gymnosperms
bryophytes
angiosperms
orchids
ferns
pine trees and evergreens
liverworts and mosses
Select the most appropriate matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1 – ii;
1 – iv;
1 – ii;
1 – iii;
1 – i;
2 – iii;
2 – iii;
2 – iv;
2 – ii;
2 – iii;
3 – iv;
3 – i;
3 – i;
3 – iv;
3 – iv;
4–i
4 – ii
4 – iii
4–i
4 – ii
2010 State Finals
Biology – 5
24.
Which of the following functional groups is in every amino acid?
b. NH3
a. CH3
25.
d. PO4
e. OH
The fundamental niche is ____ than the ecological niche.
a. larger
26.
c. SH
b. more diverse
c. broader
d. smaller
e. more inclusive
NADPH is produced during ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Calvin-Benson cycle
light independent reactions of photosynthesis
light dependent reactions of photosynthesis
citric acid cycle
none of the above
27. The figure below represents an enzyme’s activity. Select the correct labels.
2
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
28.
5.
1 – active site; 2 – enzyme; 3 – substrate; 4 – end products; 5 – enzyme-substrate
1 – enzyme; 2 – active site; 3 – substrate; 4 – enzyme-substrate; 5 – end products
1 – substrate; 2 – active site; 3 – enzyme; 4 – enzyme-substrate; 5 – end products
1 – end products; 2 – enzyme-substrate; 3 – substrate; 4 – active site; 5 – enzyme
1 – enzyme; 2 – end products; 3 – enzyme-substrate; 4 – active site; 5 – substrate
ectotherms
poilkilotherms
cold blooded
homeotherms
none of the above
If a neutral atom had an atomic number of 15, then it would have ____ electrons in the
second shell.
a. 2
30.
4.
Organisms that maintain their own body temperatures are ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
29.
3.
b. 5
c. 8
d. 10
e. 15
Halophiles ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
are in Domain Archae
are found in salty conditions
are prokaryotes
have ribosomes
all the above
2010 State Finals
Biology – 6
31.
The expected phenotype ratio for a dihybrid test cross is ____.
a. 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
32.
when a tadpole’s tail is reabsorbed
when a human fetus loses the webbing between his/her fingers
in an adult human’s intestines
in an adult human’s skin
all the above
Hydrogen bonds
Van der Waals interactions
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
none of the above
produces ribozymes
is important for transcription
controls expression of genes in growth and development
is important in the formation of ribosomal subunits
processes pre-rRNA
whorled arrangement – one leaf per node
whorled arrangement – two leaves per node
opposite arrangement – one leaf per node
alternate arrangement – one leaf per node
alternate arrangement – two leaves per node
What method do insects use for communication?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
37.
e. 1 : 1
There are three possible arrangements of leaves on a stem. Which of the following is
correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
36.
d. 3 : 1
MicroRNA ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
35.
c. 1 : 2 : 1
____ are the forces that cause saturated fatty acids to be solid at room temperature.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
34.
9:3:3:1
Apoptosis normally occurs ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
33.
b
vision
chemicals
tactile
auditory
All the above are ways insects to communicate.
In constructing cladograms, scientists are looking for ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
outgroups
convergence
paraphyletic groups
vestigial structures
homoplastic structures
2010 State Finals
Biology – 7
38.
If an individual was heterozygous for four traits, what would be the probability of producing
a gamete with all recessive traits?
a. 1/32
39.
e. 1/2
can be described as the amino acid sequence
is held together by peptide bonds
is a three dimensional shape caused by the folding of more than one peptide chain
is described as beads on a string
is an alpha helix or beta pleated structure
A flat tire on Sue Hendrickson’s vehicle led to the accidental discovery of Sue.
Sue is the most complete T-Rex skeleton at this time.
Sue’s skull is not mounted because it is very heavy.
Sue can be viewed at the Field Museum in Chicago.
Sue was found in South Carolina.
Which of the following statements is not true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
42.
d. 1/4
Which is not true pertaining to Sue, the T-Rex?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
41.
c. 1/8
The quaternary structure of a protein ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
40.
b. 1/16
In oxidation reactions electrons are given off.
Buffer solutions may contain a weak acid.
If a solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of 10-12, then its pH is 12.
Hydrogen bonds usually form between hydrogen and carbon.
Ionic bonds form between a cation and an anion.
Match the following terms in Column A with their descriptions in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.
2.
3.
4.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
chiasmata
kinetochore fibers
centromere
chromatid
constricted region of a doubled chromosome
half of a doubled chromosome
an X-shaped configuration at the crossing-over site
a multiprotein complex which microtubules bind
Select the proper matching sequence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
43.
1 – ii;
1 – iii;
1 – iii;
1 – iv;
1 – iv;
2 – i;
2 – iv;
2 – iv;
2 – iii;
2 – i;
3 – iv;
3 – ii;
3 – i;
3 – ii;
3 – ii;
4 – iii
4–i
4 – ii
4–i
4 – iii
The synthetic theory of evolution incorporates ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the endosymbiosis theory and Darwin’s theory of evolution
the cell theory and the endosymbiosis theory
Darwin’s theory of evolution and Mendelian inheritance
Mendelian inheritance and the cell theory
Mendelian inheritance and the endosymbiosis theory
2010 State Finals
Biology – 8
44.
Which of the following is not a form of horizontal gene transfer?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
45.
In the life cycle of a moss, the ____ forms when the spore is germinated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
46.
lactose permease
RNA polymerase
the repressor protein
the operator
allolactose
Which of the following does not take place during meiosis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
50.
Cytology
Cytogenetics
Histology
Immunology
Proteomics
In the lactose operon, the inducer is ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
49.
flexible hands
five digits
herbivores
front facing eyes
opposable thumbs
____ is the study of chromosomes and their role in inheritance.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
48.
protonema
archegonium
antheridia
sporophyte
zygote
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Order Primate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
47.
transformation
conjugation
transduction
parent to offspring
none the above
crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
homologous chromosomes line up on the same spindle
4 haploid cells are produced
DNA duplicates twice
a reduction division
Gram positive bacteria stain ____ because it has a ____ peptidoglycan cell wall.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
purple; thick
pink; thick
purple; thin
pink; thin
green; waxy
2010 State Finals