Download Honors Biology Final Review

Honors Biology Final Review
The following is a list of topics that we have focused on this semester and that you should review
and be familiar with for the Final Exam. This list is meant as a guide for your studying, it is not
an end all list of what will be on the final. You should use this as a general guide to your studying
and a way to find out what topics you are not as familiar as you will need to be.
I.
II.
III.
Nature of Science
a. You should be able to describe the components of a good experiment, what a
hypothesis is.
b. Theory what they are and what qualities a good one possesses.
c. Characteristics of living things
d. Levels of life cell  universe
e. Vocab:
i. Spontaneous
vi. Biology
Generation
vii. Cell
ii. Controlled
viii. Sexual
experiment
Reproduction
iii. Manipulated
ix. Asexual
variable
Reproduction
iv. Responding
x. Metabolism
variable
xi. Homeostasis
v. Theory
xii. Evolution
Matter, Water, and Carbon Compounds
a. Structure of water
b. Polar vs. Non-Polar
c. Ph
d. The 4 groups of organic compounds and their properties
e. Chemical reactions
f. Vocab:
i. Cohesion
ii. Adhesion
xiii. polymer
iii. Mixture
xiv. carbohydrate
iv. Solution
xv. monosaccharide
v. Solute
xvi. polysaccharide
vi. Solvent
xvii. lipid
vii. Suspension
xviii. nucleic acid
viii. pH scale
xix. nucleotide
ix. acid
xx. RNA
x. base
xxi. DNA
xi. buffer
xxii. Protein
xii. monomer
xxiii. Amino acid
Cells
a. Cell theory
b. Prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic
c. Cell organelles and their functions
d. Osmosis, diffusion
e. Levels of organization
f. Vocab
i. Cell
ii. Cell theory
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
IV.
V.
VI.
Nucleus
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Organelle
All the organelles
Osmosis
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Photosynthesis
a. Equation
b. Requirements
c. Process
d. Vocab:
i. Autotroph
ii. Heterotroph
iii. ATP
iv. Pigment
v. Chlorophyll
vi. Thylakoid
Cellular Respiration
a. Process
i. Products and reactants
b. Glycolysis
c. Fermentation types
d. Krebs Cycle
e. Electron Transport Chain
f. ADP  ATP
g. Vocab
i. Calorie
ii. Glycolysis
iii. Cellular respiration
iv. NAD
v. Fermentation
Cell Growth
a. Cell growth
b. Cell cycle
c. Mitosis
d. IPMAT
e. Cytokenesis
f. Cancer
g. Vocab
i. Mitosis
ii. Cell division
iii. Cytokenesis
iv. Chromatid
v. Centromere
vi. Interphase
xii.
xiii.
xiv.
xv.
xvi.
xvii.
xviii.
xix.
xx.
Diffusion
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis
Cell specialization
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
Photosystem
Stroma
NADP
Light-dependant
Calvin Cycle
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Krebs cycle
Electron Transport
chain
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
Cell cycle
Prophase
Centriole
Spindle
Metaphase
Anaphase
xiii. Telophase
VII
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
VIII
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
IX
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
Genetics
Gregory Mendel
Probability
True breeding
Independent assortment
Multiple Alleles
Meiosis
Vocab
i. Genetics
ii. Fertilization
iii. True-breeding
iv. Trait
v. Hybrid
vi. Gene
vii. Allele
viii. Segregation
ix. Gamete
x. Probability
xi. Punnett square
xii. Homozygous
xiii. Heterozygous
DNA and RNA
Discovery
Replication
RNA and Protein Synthesis
Mutations
Vocab
i. Transformation
ii. Bacteriophage
iii. Nucleotide
iv. Base pairing
v. Chromatin
vi. Histone
vii. Replication
viii. DNA Polymerase
ix. Gene
x. Messenger RNA
xi. Ribosomal RNA
xii. Transfer RNA
xiii. Transcription
xiv. RNA polymerase
Evolution
Darwin, Hutton, Lyell, Lamarck, Malthus
Natural Selection
Evolution
Fossil Record
Vocab
xiv. Phenotype
xv. Genotype
xvi. Independent
assortment
xvii. Incomplete
dominance
xviii. Codominance
xix. Multiple alleles
xx. Polygenic traits
xxi. Homologous
xxii. Diploid
xxiii. Haploid
xxiv. Meiosis
xv.
xvi.
xvii.
xviii.
xix.
xx.
xxi.
xxii.
xxiii.
xxiv.
xxv.
xxvi.
xxvii.
xxviii.
Promoter
Intron
Exon
Codon
Translation
Anticodon
Mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
Polyploidy
Operon
Operator
Differentiation
Hox gene
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Artificial selection
Fitness
Adaptation
Survival of the
fittest
v. Natural selection
r. Genes
s. Evolution
t. Genetic selection
u. Speciation
X
Phylogeny and Classification
This is based on the most recent chapters 17 and 18 based evidence for evolutionary
diversification of the different groupings of organisms and on the evolutionary paths
that they have all followed.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
XI
vi. Descent with
modification
vii. Common descent
viii. Homologous
structure
ix. Vestigial organ
Fossil record
Geologic time scale
Era
Period
Endosymbiotic theory
Mass extinction
Chemical basis for origin of life
1. taxonomy and all taxons
2. binomial nomenclature
3.cladogram
4. molecular clock
5.Evolutionary Classification
6. Domains (all of them)
Unit 2 Ecology
It is our intent to get through as much of Unit 2 on Ecology as possible for the rest of this
week. It is relatively easy reading and much of it will be familiar to you.
In addition to this reading and homework please note the Article assignments for
this week:
Due Wednesday; Article on any non-human organismal interaction with its
environment or habitat.
Due Friday; Article due on any Human impact on the environment
Formal Review will be next week for ½ of Mondays class and all of Tuesdays!