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Translation Worksheet 1. What occurs first, transcription or translation? _________________________. 2. The main goal of translation is to turn ____________ into ___________. 3. Translation occurs on the _______________, which are found in the ________________ or the __________________________________. 4. Translation consists of three parts: ________________________, ___________________________, and _________________________. 5. ______________ are triplets found in mRNA while _________________ are triplets found in tRNA. 6. Do codons overlap? Yes/No ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER Advancing Students… Enhancing Learning [email protected] ǀ 410-704-2291 7. Explain why shifting the reading frame during a mutation is very dangerous. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 8. The initiator tRNA contains what amino acid? ______________ This corresponds to what base pairs on the start codon? _______________ 9. The three sites in the ribosome for tRNA are the ___________________, ______________________, and ______________________________. 10. New tRNA (after the initial met tRNA) comes in at the ____ site, then moves to the ___ site as it gets the polypeptide added to it. Then, after becoming uncharged it moves the ___ site and is later ________________. 11. When the stop codon is reached, what binds instead of the tRNA? _________________ 12. Name two enzymes important in translation and what they do. _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER Advancing Students… Enhancing Learning [email protected] ǀ 410-704-2291 ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER Advancing Students… Enhancing Learning [email protected] ǀ 410-704-2291 Answer Key 1. What occurs first, transcription or translation? Transcription. 2. The main goal of translation is to turn mRna into peptide chain 3. Translation occurs on the ribosome which are found in the cytoplasm or the endoplasmic recticulum. 4. Translation consists of three parts: initiation, elongation, and termination. 5. Codons are triplets found in mRNA while anticodons are triplets found in tRNA. 6. Do codons overlap? No ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER Advancing Students… Enhancing Learning [email protected] ǀ 410-704-2291 7. Explain why shifting the reading frame during a mutation is very dangerous. It can change the amino acids translated/length of the peptide chain. 8. The initiator tRNA contains what amino acid? met This corresponds to what base pairs on the start codon? AUG 9. The three sites in the ribosome for tRNA are the aminoacyl site (A), peptidyl site (P) and exit site (E). 10. New tRNA (after the initial met tRNA) comes in at the A site, then moves to the P site as it gets the polypeptide added to it. Then, after becoming uncharged it moves the E site and is later recycled 11. When the stop codon is reached, what binds instead of the tRNA? Release factors 12. Name two enzymes important in translation and what they do. Aminoacyl tRNA synthase adds amino acids to uncharged tRNA. Peptidyl transferase adds new amino acids to peptide strand. ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER Advancing Students… Enhancing Learning [email protected] ǀ 410-704-2291