Download Guide to Revising Grammar and Punctuation

Guide to Revising
Grammar and
Punctuation
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a full stop?
A punctuation mark
Something you do in your driving test
Something you say to someone who’s eaten too much
What does a full stop look like?
!
;
.
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What is the job of a full stop?
To surround speech or a quote
To mark the end of a sentence
To store butter
Which of the following should include a full stop?
Where are you going
Today is Tuesday
I AM NOT SHOUTING
!
Look at the following sentence:
My trousers are nice and baggy
Where should the full stop go?
At the end
Inside the trousers
Between the words are and nice.
Write your own examples below.
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Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
“How much is that scarf” asked Julie.
After scarf
After the second speech mark
After asked
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Why don’t you go away
After Why
After away
After you
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Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Daniel asked, “Is it time to go”
After go
After Daniel
After time
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Why do you do that It’s so annoying.
After Why
After annoying
After that
!
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
What’s the point
After What’s
After that
After point
Write your own examples below.
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What is an ellipsis?
It’s what happens when the moon goes in front of the sun
A special offer at Tesco
A punctuation mark
What does an ellipsis look like?
“
?
...
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What is the job of an ellipsis?
To stop people stealing
To show that part of a sentence, paragraph or section of writing is missing.
To separate items in lists
Which of the following could be followed by an ellipsis?
The results are
I am four years old
Why don’t you like cabbage
!
Look at the following sentence:
The man stopped
Where should the ellipsis go?
After The
After man
After stopped
!
Write your own examples below.
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Where do the inverted commas go in this sentence?
I can’t stand Norris, said Tracey.
Before I and after the comma
Before I and after Norris
Before said and after comma
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
The hammer fell on Nathan’s foot. Ouch! he shouted.
Before hammer and after Nathan
Before Ouch and after the exclamation mark
Before he and after shouted
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Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
I wonder, said Nigel, if we should go to the seaside?
Before I and after the first comma and before if and after the question
mark
Before I and after Nigel
Before I and after the question mark
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
Sam asked, Why don’t you like me?
Before Why and after you
Before Sam and after you
Before Why and after the question mark
!
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
Stop! shouted the policeman.
Before shouted and after policeman
Before Stop and after the exclamation mark
Before shouted and after the
!
Write your own examples below.
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What is a comma?
A punctuation mark
A foreign language
A type of soft drink
What does a comma look like?
,
“
.
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What is the job of a comma?
It has several jobs: one of which is to separate items in lists
To prevent people talking with their mouths full
To make cereal taste nice
Which of the following should include a comma?
There is only one.
Will this ever end?
I need eggs grass and vinegar.
!
Look at the following sentence:
Steve Adrian and Sally went to the cinema.
Where should the comma go?
After to
After Steve
After cinema
!
Write your own examples below.
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Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
They wouldnt dare.
After They
In between the n and t in wouldnt
Before dare
Which one of the following apostrophes show possession?
Frank’s
Don’t
Shouldn’t
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Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
Whos the new boy?
In between the o and s in Whos
Before boy
After the question mark
Which one of the following apostrophes definitely shows omission?
Derek’s
Elvis’
Can’t
!
Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
I wont eat junk food.
After junk
After food
In between the n and the t in wont
!
Write your own examples below.
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What are brackets?
A comedy duo
Punctuation marks
Domestic appliances
What do brackets look like?
()
...
;
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What is the job of a pair of brackets?
To precede an explanation
To surround additional information in a sentence
To slice fruit
Which of the following sentences should include a pair of brackets?
Tim’s shoes which everybody loved were bright yellow.
The dog seemed to like cheese.
I don’t understand cricket.
!
Look at the following sentence:
She finally said after taking five minutes to think that she would be washing her hair.
Where should the brackets go?
After said and after think
After think and after month
After taking and after minutes
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What does a colon do?
Separate two main clauses
Dance
Introduce a list, explanation or reason
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
We enjoy two things about school learning and fun.
After school
After enjoy
After learning
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Where does the colon go in this sentence?
We knew who would win the competition Simon.
After win
After competition
After Simon
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
The route runs through four towns Goole, Howden and Selby.
After towns
After runs
After route
!
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
It was really difficult to start with, I had no money.
After really
After difficult
After no
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
Call me back tomorrow I can’t talk right now.
After back
After now
After tomorrow
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
Some people prefer to work on computer I prefer pen and paper.
After people
After computer
After pen
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Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
The horse is old it’s also sick
After old
After horse
After also
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
The route runs through a major city you can go by road or rail
After city
After road
After route
!
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
I went to Turkey my wife went to America.
After Turkey
After wife
After went
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a noun?
A secret message sent between dolphins
The name of a person, a place, a thing, or idea
The sound made by an electric guitar
What functions could a noun serve in a sentence?
A subject or object
The King of the nouns
All nouns
Which of the following is a noun?
running
smart
jam
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Which type of noun requires a capital letter?
A proper noun - the name of something individual or unique
The King of the nouns
All nouns
!
Look at the following sentence:
John walked quickly.
Which is the noun?
walked
John
quickly
!
Write your own examples below.
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What is a verb?
A doing, action, or being word
A sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
An insect
What function will a verb normally serve in a sentence?
It will often let us know what’s happening
It will arrange a wedding if required
It shouts booooooo!
What do we mean when we talk about the tense of a verb?
The verb’s been working too hard and needs to relax
The verb is going camping for the weekend
When something happened
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Which of the following is a verb?
walking
shoes
London
!
Look at the following sentence:
Dave smelled his armpits.
Which is the verb?
smelled
his
armpits
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is an adjective?
A cartoon character
A sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
A describing word
What function will an adjective normally serve in a sentence?
It will serve drinks
It will give more information about a noun
It will sing a nice song during hard times
Which of the following is an adjective?
burning
David
warm
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Which of the following is an adjective?
soft
jumping
anger
!
Look at the following sentence:
Reginald has hairy hands.
Which is the adjective?
hands
Reginald
hairy
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is an adverb?
A describing word
A second sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
A ball game
What function will an adverb normally serve in a sentence?
It will give more information about a verb, adjective, or another adverb
It stops water escaping
It makes sure a fight doesn’t break out
Which suffix is commonly found at the end of adverbs?
ma
pa
ly
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Which of the following is an adverb?
suddenly
calm
whispering
!
Look at the following sentence:
Denise looked lovingly at the chocolate.
Which is the adverb?
Denise
chocolate
lovingly
!
Write your own examples below.
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What is a simple sentence?
A short group of words containing a subject and a verb and that expresses a
complete thought.
Something that isn’t very clever
Something you would order from a take-away menu
What does a simple sentence need at the beginning and the end?
A capital letter and a full stop
To brush its teeth
A run around the block
What is the job of a simple sentence?
To mend clocks
To get a point across in a straightforward way
To manage celebrities
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Which of the following is a simple sentence?
Swimming
I worked very hard
Because I hurt my foot
!
Look at the following sentence:
The pig rolled in the mud.
Identify the subject and verb.
“The” and “mud”
“In” and “the”
“Pig” and “rolled”
Write your own examples below.
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What is a compound sentence?
Two simple sentences joined by a conjunction
A sentence that is trapped
Something you would order from a take-away menu
Which group of words are conjunctions
and, but, or, so
bubbles, taste, glamour, cheese
fighting, talking, thinking
What is the job of a compound sentence?
To present a link between two main clauses
To deliver cheese to mice in hospital
To make money
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Which of the following is a compound sentence?
The dog chased its tail.
After lunch, we went to the park.
I like coffee cremes, but I don’t like coffee.
!
Look at the following sentence:
The pig rolled in the mud and it ate its dinner.
Identify the conjunction.
dinner
pig
and
!
!
Write your own examples below.
!
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What is a complex sentence?
A sentence that makes funny noises
At least one main clause, joined to one or more subordinate clauses
A sentence that you would take to the fair
After full stops, which punctuation mark is most commonly found in complex
sentences?
A comma
A question mark
An apostrophe
What is the job of a complex sentence?
To make writing more expressive and varied
To deliver milk
To make sand castles
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Which of the following is a complex sentence?
Eric liked bananas.
Following a hectic afternoon, Susan enjoyed a relaxing drink.
I like tennis and I’m good at it.
!
Which of the following is a complex sentence?
Ted likes cake.
Apples are very nice, but I prefer bananas.
Inside his hole, Eric the mouse likes to eat cheese.
!
Write your own examples below.
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Identify the
sentence elements.
Look at the following sentence. Read
the definitions and see if you can label
the sentence correctly by putting the
numbers of the definitions in the
correct boxes.
Outside the front door, the clever,
contented boy patiently read his comics,
because he was locked out.
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1. Adverb
Adverbs tell you how or when an action
was performed.
Mrs McDermid arrived late.
They also describe adjectives. The hat is
quite big. They can go before or after the
verb. The fish swam happily. The shark
secretly followed.
2. Preposition
Prepositions tell you how things are
related to one another. They tell you
where things are or when things happen, in
relation to one another.
under, over, at, on, in, through, into
while, during, until, since, in, before, after
3. Auxiliary Verb
A 'helping' verb which assists the main
verb in a clause to express grammatical
meanings such as time and the nature of
the action.
She is jumping; They are climbing; They
were running.
4. Comma to separate items in a list
If the commas in a list can all be replaced
with the word 'and' or 'or', you know
you've used your listing commas correctly.
5. Subordinating Conjunction
A word/words which connects two clauses
or parts of clauses.
although, if, since, unless, until, whereas,
while, in order that, such that, assuming
that, so that, if, before
6. Prepositional Phrase
You will find these in two locations:
*in noun phrases, where they come after
the noun. I saw a car with a red roof.
*in clauses, where they are the adverbial
elements. In the morning, we went home.
7. Comma to separate clauses
Use a comma to separate the clauses,
especially when the subordinate clause
comes first.
To check if your commas are correctly
used, you can:
*remove the subordinate clause and
comma and the sentence will still make
sense.
*remove the extra information between a
pair of commas and the sentence makes
sense.
8. Determiner
A word which always goes in front of a
noun. They 'determine' how definite or
specific a noun is, whether a noun is
singular or plural.
that, this, these, those, my, yours, his,
her, its, our, their, some, any, each, every,
enough
9. Noun
Nouns are naming words.
Nouns can name things, people, animals,
places a a wide range of processes and
concepts (advice, beauty, addition).
10. Pronouns
Pronouns replace a noun. This saves a
writer from repeating a noun over and
over again.
me, you, him, her, he, she, we, they, them,
it, his, us
11. Verb
Verbs are action, doing or being words. If
there is no verb, the sentence will not
make sense.
The verb tense tells you when something
happened.
12. Modifier
A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause
which functions as an adjective or an
adverb to describe a word or make its
meaning more specific.
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Advanced tips.
Good writing should consider:
•
sentence structure and punctuation
•
text structure and organisation
•
appropriacy and vocabulary.
1.
Familiarise yourself with verbs and the different forms they take. Look
at a passage from a well written book and spot the verbs. Look at the
form they take within each sentence. Good writing will use a variety of
these forms.
2.
When analysing verbs within a well written text, look at the placement
within a sentence. Good writing will often place verbs at the beginning,
middle and end, but it will always be fully controlled. Try and write a
sentence with a verb in the middle. Try and write the same sentence
with the verb at the beginning and then try again with the verb at the
end. How does it affect your sentence?
3.
Internal commas are your friend when trying to achieve control over
sentences. Write a complex sentence and see if you could alter the
meaning slightly by moving the commas around.
4.
Use full stops to avoid run on sentences that will quickly run out of
control.
5.
Ideas need to be developed and supported.
6.
Change the focus of sections from the general to the specific to show
development.
7.
Are there links between sections and paragraphs to guide a reader
through the text?
8.
A good piece of writing should make it obvious what question was being
addressed. If it doesn’t, there is an issue with focus.
9.
Avoid “wow words” and concentrate on being adventurous and precise.
10.
Ensure writing is balanced with an appropriate use of writing styles.
The purpose should be clear to the reader.
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Guide to Revising
Grammar and
Punctuation
Answers
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a full stop?
X
A punctuation mark
Something you do in your driving test
Something you say to someone who’s eaten too much
What does a full stop look like?
!
;
X
.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is the job of a full stop?
To surround speech or a quote
X
To mark the end of a sentence
To store butter
Which of the following should include a full stop?
Where are you going
X
Today is Tuesday
I AM NOT SHOUTING
!
Look at the following sentence:
My trousers are nice and baggy
Where should the full stop go?
X
At the end
Inside the trousers
Between the words are and nice.
Write your own examples below.
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Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
“How much is that scarf” asked Julie.
X
After scarf
After the second speech mark
After asked
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Why don’t you go away
After Why
X
After away
After you
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Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Daniel asked, “Is it time to go”
X
After go
After Daniel
After time
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
Why do you do that It’s so annoying.
After Why
After annoying
X
After that
!
Where does the question mark go in this sentence?
What’s the point
After What’s
After that
X
After point
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is an ellipsis?
It’s what happens when the moon goes in front of the sun
A special offer at Tesco
X
A punctuation mark
What does an ellipsis look like?
“
?
X
...
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is the job of an ellipsis?
To stop people stealing
X
To show that part of a sentence, paragraph or section of writing is missing.
To separate items in lists
Which of the following could be followed by an ellipsis?
X
The results are
I am four years old
Why don’t you like cabbage
!
Look at the following sentence:
The man stopped
Where should the ellipsis go?
After The
After man
X
After stopped
!
Write your own examples below.
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Where do the inverted commas go in this sentence?
I can’t stand Norris, said Tracey.
X
Before I and after the comma
Before I and after Norris
Before said and after comma
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
The hammer fell on Nathan’s foot. Ouch! he shouted.
Before hammer and after Nathan
X
Before Ouch and after the exclamation mark
Before he and after shouted
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
I wonder, said Nigel, if we should go to the seaside?
X
Before I and after the first comma and before if and after the question
mark
Before I and after Nigel
Before I and after the question mark
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
Sam asked, Why don’t you like me?
Before Why and after you
Before Sam and after you
X
Before Why and after the question mark
!
Where should the inverted commas go in this sentence?
Stop! shouted the policeman.
Before shouted and after policeman
X
Before Stop and after the exclamation mark
Before shouted and after the
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a comma?
X
A punctuation mark
A foreign language
A type of soft drink
What does a comma look like?
X
,
“
.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is the job of a comma?
X
It has several jobs: one of which is to separate items in lists
To prevent people talking with their mouths full
To make cereal taste nice
Which of the following should include a comma?
There is only one.
Will this ever end?
x
I need eggs grass and vinegar.
!
Look at the following sentence:
Steve Adrian and Sally went to the cinema.
Where should the comma go?
After to
x
After Steve
After cinema
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
They wouldnt dare.
After They
X
In between the n and t in wouldnt
Before dare
Which one of the following apostrophes show possession?
X
Frank’s
Don’t
Shouldn’t
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Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
Whos the new boy?
X
In between the o and s in Whos
Before boy
After the question mark
Which one of the following apostrophes definitely shows omission?
Derek’s
Elvis’
X
Can’t
!
Where should the apostrophe go in this sentence?
I wont eat junk food.
After junk
After food
X
In between the n and the t in wont
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What are brackets?
A comedy duo
X
Punctuation marks
Domestic appliances
What do brackets look like?
X
()
...
;
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is the job of a pair of brackets?
To precede an explanation
X
To surround additional information in a sentence
To slice fruit
Which of the following sentences should include a pair of brackets?
X
Tim’s shoes which everybody loved were bright yellow.
The dog seemed to like cheese.
I don’t understand cricket.
!
Look at the following sentence:
She finally said after taking five minutes to think that she would be washing her hair.
Where should the brackets go?
X
After said and after think
After think and after month
After taking and after minutes
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What does a colon do?
Separate two main clauses
Dance
X
Introduce a list, explanation or reason
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
We enjoy two things about school learning and fun.
X
After school
After enjoy
After learning
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Where does the colon go in this sentence?
We knew who would win the competition Simon.
After win
X
After competition
After Simon
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
The route runs through four towns Goole, Howden and Selby.
X
After towns
After runs
After route
!
Where does the colon go in this sentence?
It was really difficult to start with, I had no money.
After really
X
After difficult
After no
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
Call me back tomorrow I can’t talk right now.
After back
After now
X
After tomorrow
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
Some people prefer to work on computer I prefer pen and paper.
After people
X
After computer
After pen
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Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
The horse is old it’s also sick
X
After old
After horse
After also
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
The route runs through a major city you can go by road or rail
X
After city
After road
After route
!
Where does the semicolon go in this sentence?
I went to Turkey my wife went to America.
X
After Turkey
After wife
After went
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a noun?
A secret message sent between dolphins
X
The name of a person, a place, a thing, or idea
The sound made by an electric guitar
What functions could a noun serve in a sentence?
X
A subject or object
The King of the nouns
All nouns
Which of the following is a noun?
running
smart
X
jam
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Which type of noun requires a capital letter?
X
A proper noun - the name of something individual or unique
The King of the nouns
All nouns
!
Look at the following sentence:
John walked quickly.
Which is the noun?
walked
X
John
quickly
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is a verb?
X
A doing, action, or being word
A sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
An insect
What function will a verb normally serve in a sentence?
X
It will often let us know what’s happening
It will arrange a wedding if required
It shouts booooooo!
What do we mean when we talk about the tense of a verb?
The verb’s been working too hard and needs to relax
The verb is going camping for the weekend
X
When something happened
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Which of the following is a verb?
X
walking
shoes
London
!
Look at the following sentence:
Dave smelled his armpits.
Which is the verb?
X
smelled
his
armpits
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is an adjective?
A cartoon character
A sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
X
A describing word
What function will an adjective normally serve in a sentence?
It will serve drinks
X
It will give more information about a noun
It will sing a nice song during hard times
Which of the following is an adjective?
burning
David
X
warm
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Which of the following is an adjective?
X
soft
jumping
anger
!
Look at the following sentence:
Reginald has hairy hands.
Which is the adjective?
hands
Reginald
X
hairy
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
What is an adverb?
X
A describing word
A second sound that you make when you’ve eaten your food too quickly
A ball game
What function will an adverb normally serve in a sentence?
X
It will give more information about a verb, adjective, or another adverb
It stops water escaping
It makes sure a fight doesn’t break out
Which suffix is commonly found at the end of adverbs?
ma
pa
X
ly
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
Which of the following is an adverb?
X
suddenly
calm
whispering
!
Look at the following sentence:
Denise looked lovingly at the chocolate.
Which is the adverb?
Denise
chocolate
X
lovingly
!
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What is a simple sentence?
X
A short group of words containing a subject and a verb and that expresses a
complete thought.
Something that isn’t very clever
Something you would order from a take-away menu
What does a simple sentence need at the beginning and the end?
X
A capital letter and a full stop
To brush its teeth
A run around the block
What is the job of a simple sentence?
To mend clocks
X
To get a point across in a straightforward way
To manage celebrities
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Which of the following is a simple sentence?
Swimming
X
I worked very hard
Because I hurt my foot
!
Look at the following sentence:
The pig rolled in the mud.
Identify the subject and verb.
“The” and “mud”
“In” and “the”
X
“Pig” and “rolled”
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What is a compound sentence?
X
Two simple sentences joined by a conjunction
A sentence that is trapped
Something you would order from a take-away menu
Which group of words are conjunctions
X
and, but, or, so
bubbles, taste, glamour, cheese
fighting, talking, thinking
What is the job of a compound sentence?
X
To present a link between two main clauses
To deliver cheese to mice in hospital
To make money
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Which of the following is a compound sentence?
The dog chased its tail.
After lunch, we went to the park.
X
I like coffee cremes, but I don’t like coffee.
!
Look at the following sentence:
The pig rolled in the mud and it ate its dinner.
Identify the conjunction.
dinner
pig
X
and
!
!
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!
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What is a complex sentence?
A sentence that makes funny noises
X
At least one main clause, joined to one or more subordinate clauses
A sentence that you would take to the fair
After full stops, which punctuation mark is most commonly found in complex
sentences?
X
A comma
A question mark
An apostrophe
What is the job of a complex sentence?
X
To make writing more expressive and varied
To deliver milk
To make sand castles
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Which of the following is a complex sentence?
Eric liked bananas.
X
Following a hectic afternoon, Susan enjoyed a relaxing drink.
I like tennis and I’m good at it.
!
Which of the following is a complex sentence?
Ted likes cake.
Apples are very nice, but I prefer bananas.
X
Inside his hole, Eric the mouse likes to eat cheese.
!
Write your own examples below.
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
www.thepunctuationshow.com ©podcastrevision 2015
1. Adverb
Adverbs tell you how or when an action
was performed.
Mrs McDermid arrived late.
They also describe adjectives. The hat is
quite big. They can go before or after the
verb. The fish swam happily. The shark
secretly followed.
2. Preposition
Prepositions tell you how things are
related to one another. They tell you
where things are or when things happen, in
relation to one another.
under, over, at, on, in, through, into
while, during, until, since, in, before, after
3. Auxiliary Verb
A 'helping' verb which assists the main
verb in a clause to express grammatical
meanings such as time and the nature of
the action.
She is jumping; They are climbing; They
were running.
4. Comma to separate items in a list
If the commas in a list can all be replaced
with the word 'and' or 'or', you know
you've used your listing commas correctly.
5. Subordinating Conjunction
A word/words which connects two clauses
or parts of clauses.
although, if, since, unless, until, whereas,
while, in order that, such that, assuming
that, so that, if, before
6. Prepositional Phrase
You will find these in two locations:
*in noun phrases, where they come after
the noun. I saw a car with a red roof.
*in clauses, where they are the adverbial
elements. In the morning, we went home.
7. Comma to separate clauses
Use a comma to separate the clauses,
especially when the subordinate clause
comes first.
To check if your commas are correctly
used, you can:
*remove the subordinate clause and
comma and the sentence will still make
sense.
*remove the extra information between a
pair of commas and the sentence makes
sense.
8. Determiner
A word which always goes in front of a
noun. They 'determine' how definite or
specific a noun is, whether a noun is
singular or plural.
that, this, these, those, my, yours, his,
her, its, our, their, some, any, each, every,
enough
9. Noun
Nouns are naming words.
Nouns can name things, people, animals,
places a a wide range of processes and
concepts (advice, beauty, addition).
10. Pronouns
Pronouns replace a noun. This saves a
writer from repeating a noun over and
over again.
me, you, him, her, he, she, we, they, them,
it, his, us
11. Verb
Verbs are action, doing or being words. If
there is no verb, the sentence will not
make sense.
The verb tense tells you when something
happened.
12. Modifier
A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause
which functions as an adjective or an
adverb to describe a word or make its
meaning more specific.
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