Download Plants - Al Bashaer Schools

Plants
• The power point presentation is for visual
illustration only and it is not our main
reference.
Plants needs
• Water and nutrients
• Air
• Space
• Sunlight
Getting water and nutrients can be difficult.
Plants
Non-vascular
plants
Vascular
plants
seed
Gymnosperms
seedless
Angiosperms
Nonvascular plants
Plants
Non-vascular
plants
Vascular plants
seed
Gymnosperms
seedless
Angiosperms
Nonvascular plants
• Small
• No transport system
• Example: Moss plant
Then how do they get water?
They are very short and close to the ground to
get water directly.
Vascular plants
• No size limitations
• Can be either short or very tall.
How do they get water?
They have a vascular system.
• Vascular plants have a transport system
This transport system exist in the stem of trees
and can transport water and nutrients up to
the highest of trees
Vascular
plants
seed
seedless
Seed plants
• What is a seed?
A seed contains:
1- undeveloped plant
2- food
3- protective cover
Seed plants
Flowering
plants
(Angiosperms)
Pine trees
(Gymnosperms)
Angiosperms
They produce flowers
Gymnosperms
They do not produce flowers
Angiosperms
Their seeds are covered by fruits
Gymnosperms
Their seeds are hard and uncovered
Angiosperms
Examples:
1-apple tree
Gymnosperms
Examples:
1-pine tree
2- maple tree
2-fir tree
3- grass
Roots
Functions of the root
Absorbs water
and minerals
Stores food
Anchors the
plant
Root
Epidermis
cortex
Vascular
system
Types of roots
Aerial
Fibrous
taproot
Prop
root
Aerial roots
Aerial roots
How do they get water?
Fibrous roots
A single clump of grass has 600 km of
roots
Tap roots
Single main root that may
have smaller side branches
Plants with tap roots often
live in dry areas
Prop roots
Prop roots
• They prop up and support the plant so it
cannot be knocked over
• Examples: corn
and
mangrove
Stem
Stem
Stem
functions
Support
structure
Transport
Stem forms
• There are 2 types of stems :
• 1- soft stems (contain chlorophyll)
• 2- woody stems
(no chlorophyll)
The stem transport function
• There are 2 kinds of tissues that make up the
stem’s transport system
Xylem vessels
• They move water and nutrients up
• From roots up to leaves
Phloem vessels
• They move sugar (food) both up and down
• They transport food from one part of the plant
to the other
Cambium
• What is cambium?
It is the layer that separates the xylem and the
phloem.
See book page: 53
Leaves
• They carry out photosynthesis
• They are the food factory
• To make photosynthesis they need:
Water- carbon dioxide- sunlight
leaves
• They are flat and broad. Why? …..
• They contain chlorophyll. Why?....
• The top layer of the leaf has a waxy cuticle.
A waxy cuticle is a waterproof layer to prevent
the moisture from evaporating.
leaves
• How do leaves get carbon dioxide?
Through Stomata
A stoma is a singular pore that allow carbon
dioxide to enter the leaf and air and water to
leave the leaf.
• The stoma is controlled by 2 guard cells
• When the water leaves the leaf through
stomata this is called:
photosynthesis
Photosynthesis equation
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Thank you
Menna Elfouly