Interxylary phloem: Diversity and functions Sherwin Carlquist
... FIG. 7. Stem transections to show interxylary phloem. A–B. Strychnos madagascariensis (Loganiaceae). Stem transections seen with SEM. A. Low power micrograph, to show a typical large interxylary phloem strand (ip) in a fibrous xylem (fx) background; bark (b) at top of photograph. B. High power photog ...
... FIG. 7. Stem transections to show interxylary phloem. A–B. Strychnos madagascariensis (Loganiaceae). Stem transections seen with SEM. A. Low power micrograph, to show a typical large interxylary phloem strand (ip) in a fibrous xylem (fx) background; bark (b) at top of photograph. B. High power photog ...
coconut production technology - About
... value-added products of coconut are important sources of employment and income in rural communities. The coconut produces a variety of products which are consumed in the region and internationally. These include fresh green and dry nuts, copra, coconut oil and coconut wa ...
... value-added products of coconut are important sources of employment and income in rural communities. The coconut produces a variety of products which are consumed in the region and internationally. These include fresh green and dry nuts, copra, coconut oil and coconut wa ...
Friend or foe? The relative role of earwigs as in citrus canopies
... citrus orchard, as they reduced aphid attack but did not affect the final fruit yield. In addition, when adult earwigs were offered both plant and animal material in greenhouse conditions, they preferred to feed on California red scale rather than on leaves. Thus earwig role as an insectivore appear ...
... citrus orchard, as they reduced aphid attack but did not affect the final fruit yield. In addition, when adult earwigs were offered both plant and animal material in greenhouse conditions, they preferred to feed on California red scale rather than on leaves. Thus earwig role as an insectivore appear ...
A Little Bug with a Big Bite: Impact of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid
... which are rare except where HWA populations are extremely dense, will fly from the originating hemlock trees in search of their primary host, the tigertail spruce (Picea torano (Siebold ex K.Koch) Koehne), for sexual reproduction and on which to deposit eggs. This species of spruce is not present in ...
... which are rare except where HWA populations are extremely dense, will fly from the originating hemlock trees in search of their primary host, the tigertail spruce (Picea torano (Siebold ex K.Koch) Koehne), for sexual reproduction and on which to deposit eggs. This species of spruce is not present in ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... strongly winged. This may allow them to be spread short distances from the parent tree by wind. It may also aid their dispersal downstream in water during floods (the mature pods may also float in water), as populations are sometimes found growing along waterways. Many naturalised populations occur ...
... strongly winged. This may allow them to be spread short distances from the parent tree by wind. It may also aid their dispersal downstream in water during floods (the mature pods may also float in water), as populations are sometimes found growing along waterways. Many naturalised populations occur ...
sloth source 3
... compartments in which symbiotic bacteria break down the tough leaves. As much as twothirds of a well-fed sloth's body-weight consists of the contents of its stomach, and the digestive process can take a month or more to complete. Even so, leaves provide little energy, and sloths deal with this by a ...
... compartments in which symbiotic bacteria break down the tough leaves. As much as twothirds of a well-fed sloth's body-weight consists of the contents of its stomach, and the digestive process can take a month or more to complete. Even so, leaves provide little energy, and sloths deal with this by a ...
Artificial Regeneration of Major Oak (Quercus) Species
... intense (74,000 stems ha⫺1). Poor northern red oak seedlings had 65% survival, whereas medium and good seedlings experienced 66 and 70% survival, respectively. However, 52% of good seedlings were free-to-grow compared with 28 and 6% of the medium and poor seedlings, respectively. Thompson and Schult ...
... intense (74,000 stems ha⫺1). Poor northern red oak seedlings had 65% survival, whereas medium and good seedlings experienced 66 and 70% survival, respectively. However, 52% of good seedlings were free-to-grow compared with 28 and 6% of the medium and poor seedlings, respectively. Thompson and Schult ...
EDGE EFFECT INTERACTIONS IN AN AFRICAN SAVANNA By
... We focus here on landscapes with only two patch types, although many real situations are even more complex. For example, Li et al. (2007) found that 60% of a forested landscape in Wisconsin, USA was within 120 m of three or more different patch types. Harper et al. (2007) detected edge interactions ...
... We focus here on landscapes with only two patch types, although many real situations are even more complex. For example, Li et al. (2007) found that 60% of a forested landscape in Wisconsin, USA was within 120 m of three or more different patch types. Harper et al. (2007) detected edge interactions ...
Measuring the Impact of Biotic Factors on Populations of Immature
... each release plot. Releases of this parasitoid were staggered, with some adults released every 2 to 3 wk from early June through August in 2009, placing half of the available parasitoids on the 5 remaining emerald ash borer cohort trees and the remainder on 5 adjacent trees. The second round of S. a ...
... each release plot. Releases of this parasitoid were staggered, with some adults released every 2 to 3 wk from early June through August in 2009, placing half of the available parasitoids on the 5 remaining emerald ash borer cohort trees and the remainder on 5 adjacent trees. The second round of S. a ...
Trees of the Balikpapan-Samarinda area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
... During our work in writing a checklist for this area it became evident that it would not be possible to include all species in our Manual, on account of the great bo tanical diversity. Instead, for the user's convenience, we included a great number of families and genera to make this Manual as user- ...
... During our work in writing a checklist for this area it became evident that it would not be possible to include all species in our Manual, on account of the great bo tanical diversity. Instead, for the user's convenience, we included a great number of families and genera to make this Manual as user- ...
EB1579-Landscape Plants for the Inland
... Drought tolerant evergreen shrub once established. Junipers can spread very widely and should be used in areas where they have a lot of room. Good for use on slopes for stabilization or as evergreen accent in shrub borders. Junipers don’t take pruning well, leaving exposed dead areas when pruned too ...
... Drought tolerant evergreen shrub once established. Junipers can spread very widely and should be used in areas where they have a lot of room. Good for use on slopes for stabilization or as evergreen accent in shrub borders. Junipers don’t take pruning well, leaving exposed dead areas when pruned too ...
Investigating the life history strategy of an African savanna tree
... current season’s fruit crop for input of new germinants. Fruit production was highly synchronous across trees at a site. Very high levels of seed predation were observed. Marula seeds can remain dormant for at least 10 years when stored in the laboratory. Germination takes place after 3 mm of rainfa ...
... current season’s fruit crop for input of new germinants. Fruit production was highly synchronous across trees at a site. Very high levels of seed predation were observed. Marula seeds can remain dormant for at least 10 years when stored in the laboratory. Germination takes place after 3 mm of rainfa ...
ABUNDANCE, STRUCTURE AND USES OF BAOBAB
... the important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs)-providing species of ecological and socio-economic significance, there is need to have a better understanding of the biology and local uses of the species before its full potential and sustainable harvesting is realized. A comparison of densities, dis ...
... the important Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs)-providing species of ecological and socio-economic significance, there is need to have a better understanding of the biology and local uses of the species before its full potential and sustainable harvesting is realized. A comparison of densities, dis ...
asian elephants are essential as seed dispersers in a
... growing (Owen-Smith 1988; Skarpe 2004). Yet, we are far from understanding the extent to which megafauna extirpation affects biodiversity and ecosystem function (Corlett 2013). Due to their size and singular behaviors, megaherbivores may often form a unique functional group with respect to certain ...
... growing (Owen-Smith 1988; Skarpe 2004). Yet, we are far from understanding the extent to which megafauna extirpation affects biodiversity and ecosystem function (Corlett 2013). Due to their size and singular behaviors, megaherbivores may often form a unique functional group with respect to certain ...
K. Pomper, 2005, The PawPaw Foundation
... started growing leaves. Now all three varieties have MANY leaves. All are very healthy and growing strong. After they arrived we had a cold spring. That may have helped reduce transplant shock. Usually we can plant most things here after May 12 since that is usually the last day of frost. Until then ...
... started growing leaves. Now all three varieties have MANY leaves. All are very healthy and growing strong. After they arrived we had a cold spring. That may have helped reduce transplant shock. Usually we can plant most things here after May 12 since that is usually the last day of frost. Until then ...
Official guide book of the Panama-California exposition, giving in
... San Diego shows that the old time farm life is gone. Exposition demonstrates that machinery has removed the drudgery which existed a few decades ago. It demonstrates why the progressive farmers of today are able to make gasoline do most of their work and allow them a season of real prosperity— 1914 ...
... San Diego shows that the old time farm life is gone. Exposition demonstrates that machinery has removed the drudgery which existed a few decades ago. It demonstrates why the progressive farmers of today are able to make gasoline do most of their work and allow them a season of real prosperity— 1914 ...
Finding Alternatives to Invasive Ornamental Plants in New York
... mon where human development is most common. It should be noted that only a very small percentage of non-native plant species in the United States display invasive qualities. This small group, however, is able to cause considerable damage to native ecosystems. ...
... mon where human development is most common. It should be noted that only a very small percentage of non-native plant species in the United States display invasive qualities. This small group, however, is able to cause considerable damage to native ecosystems. ...
Part 2 - Food Plant Solutions
... Description: The tree grows up to 6 - 8 m tall. The trunk is often only 10 - 15 cm across and, near the top the tree, has a few short, thick branches. The leaves are large and shiny. The leaves are crowded towards the end of branches. A leaf can be 50 - 60 cm long and 20 - 24 cm across. Near the tip ...
... Description: The tree grows up to 6 - 8 m tall. The trunk is often only 10 - 15 cm across and, near the top the tree, has a few short, thick branches. The leaves are large and shiny. The leaves are crowded towards the end of branches. A leaf can be 50 - 60 cm long and 20 - 24 cm across. Near the tip ...
The Neem Tree - Infonet Biovision
... HDRA. Other publications include booklets covering composting, green manures, weed control and the neem tree, as well as single information sheets about crop pests and diseases and their control, natural pesticides and green manures. ...
... HDRA. Other publications include booklets covering composting, green manures, weed control and the neem tree, as well as single information sheets about crop pests and diseases and their control, natural pesticides and green manures. ...
Ash Management Guidelines - Minnesota Logger Education Program
... community trees when Dutch Elm trees took its toll. Boulevard trees, back yard trees, and trees along parkways and riverwalks had to be removed because of this disease that virtually wiped out the state’s elm tree population. There are lessons to be learned. Read on. Emerald ash borer is often com ...
... community trees when Dutch Elm trees took its toll. Boulevard trees, back yard trees, and trees along parkways and riverwalks had to be removed because of this disease that virtually wiped out the state’s elm tree population. There are lessons to be learned. Read on. Emerald ash borer is often com ...
NEW AND CRITICAL MALESIAN PLANTS VII
... wanji has fruit of the same shape, same texture and same taste, but they are glossy greenish white with partly a red coloration. The wani (Bali) or wanji (East Indonesian Borneo) or beluno (Sabah) is not grown in West Java. Rumphius' Wani (Mangifera foetida II) was perhaps from Bali. The leaves of M ...
... wanji has fruit of the same shape, same texture and same taste, but they are glossy greenish white with partly a red coloration. The wani (Bali) or wanji (East Indonesian Borneo) or beluno (Sabah) is not grown in West Java. Rumphius' Wani (Mangifera foetida II) was perhaps from Bali. The leaves of M ...
Flowering Ecology of a Box-Ironbark Eucalyptus Community.
... the timing, frequency, duration, intensity, and synchrony of flowering of populations and individual trees; (3) the factors that may explain variation in flowering patterns of individual trees through examination of the relationships between flowering and tree-specific factors of individually marked ...
... the timing, frequency, duration, intensity, and synchrony of flowering of populations and individual trees; (3) the factors that may explain variation in flowering patterns of individual trees through examination of the relationships between flowering and tree-specific factors of individually marked ...
PDF file of body text
... level of popularity was 143 species for DOP1, 103 species for DOP2, 88 species for DOP3 and 36 species for DOP4. In Appendix 3, the degree of popularity is shown for each vernacular name. 246 out of 370 species (about 66%) are known by more than 6 persons, which shows that most Nyindu know many plan ...
... level of popularity was 143 species for DOP1, 103 species for DOP2, 88 species for DOP3 and 36 species for DOP4. In Appendix 3, the degree of popularity is shown for each vernacular name. 246 out of 370 species (about 66%) are known by more than 6 persons, which shows that most Nyindu know many plan ...
How Altitude And Latitude Affect Configuration Of
... in this world; every living thing uses it and every living creature would die without it. But studies have shown that water does a lot more than just sustain life; it plays major roles in Bio-diversity, allowing some organisms to flourish while others waste away. In fact, water can contribute to div ...
... in this world; every living thing uses it and every living creature would die without it. But studies have shown that water does a lot more than just sustain life; it plays major roles in Bio-diversity, allowing some organisms to flourish while others waste away. In fact, water can contribute to div ...
Tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. In looser senses, the taller palms, the tree ferns, bananas and bamboos are also trees. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. The tallest known tree, a coast redwood named Hyperion, stands 115.6 m (379 ft) high. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are just over 3 trillion mature trees in the world.A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development. Flowers and fruit may also be present, but some trees, such as conifers, instead have pollen cones and seed cones; others, such as tree ferns, produce spores instead.Trees play a significant role in reducing erosion and moderating the climate. They remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store large quantities of carbon in their tissues. Trees and forests provide a habitat for many species of animals and plants. Tropical rainforests are one of the most biodiverse habitats in the world. Trees provide shade and shelter, timber for construction, fuel for cooking and heating, and fruit for food as well as having many other uses. In parts of the world, forests are shrinking as trees are cleared to increase the amount of land available for agriculture. Because of their longevity and usefulness, trees have always been revered and they play a role in many of the world's mythologies.