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Transcript
The Crusades The causes, courses and the consequences Bellwork Define cause and effect. Give an example of a cause and effect of an event we have studied about. Instructions • Groups A-C: You will be examining the causes and courses of the 1st Crusade, 2nd Crusade and 3rd Crusade • Groups D-F: You will be examining the impact the Crusades had on the Muslims, Christians and Jewish people • You will have 15-18 minutes to read the material, answer the questions, cite evidence, and prepare your group to teach the material to the class. • To assist you, see information guide to help you outline your lesson to the class. Instruction for your paper: Fold hotdog style and overlap to make 6 blocks on your paper. Label the blocks: 1st Crusade • 2nd Crusade • 3rd Crusade • Impact of the Christians • Impact of the Muslims • Impact of the Jews • As groups are teaching, students need to fill in the block with information. You are looking for the following information: 1 - 3 Crusades: • Who were involved? When did your crusade take place? What happened? What was the outcome? Summarize. Impact of Crusades: • Who was impacted? What was the impact of the Crusade on your group? Was it a positive or a negative consequence? Summarize. Remember, you must be able to cite information from your text to show evidence proving your answer is true. The Fight over the Holy Land Jewish – where Solomon built his temples • Muslims – Muhammad ascended into heaven • Christians – Christ was crucified and resurrected • Christians denied pilgrimages to Jerusalem • Pope Urban II promised instant heaven if one died while fighting a non-Christian • 1st battle – Christians won but unable to keep Jerusalem • The Crusades Nine major battles – all loses for the Christians except for the first Crusade. 3rd Crusade – England King Richard (Richard the Lionheart) and Muslim military leader Saladin. • 4th Crusade – Crusaders attacked Constantinople (a Christian nation) to rid themselves of being excommunicated • Children’s Crusade - 30,000 children. Gain support from neighboring countries. Died en-route or kidnapped • 5-9 Crusades – Christians lost • • The What and Why What is the Crusades? • Who were involved in the Crusades? • What was the reason for the Crusades? • Name one positive and negative effect of the Crusades? • Discussion • Predict the impact the Crusades had on the world since the Crusades? Individual Practice • Complete Impact of the Crusades Activity Sheet • When you write a positive or negative consequence of the Crusade, cite document # for evidence. 1st Crusade 1096-1099 AD • Christians and Muslims • Called for by Pope Urban II • Led by 4 nobles and 30,000 knights, peaseants and commoners • 1096-1099 AD • European Christians took Jerusalem creating 4 kingdoms around Jerusalem to protect the city. 2nd Crusade 1147-1149 AD • Pope Eugene called for the 2nd crusade to reclaim Jerusalem for the Seljuk Empire • Crusaders from England, France, and Germany • The Muslim Seljuk Empire claimed Jerusalem. The Europeans lost. 3rd Crusade 1189-1192 AD • Saladin (Muslim) and Richard the Lionhearted (Christian) • Emperor Bararossa (Christian) dead before reaching the Holy Land. • Attempt to reclaim Jerusalem • Richard forced to sign treaty • Muslims keep the city, Christians allowed to visit safely Impact on Christians • Many killed in battle • Economic changes with more trade there was more money in circulation. • End of Feudalism • New ideas – algebra and chess • Muslin fabric, new foods and spices • Reason for fighting the crusades – reclaim Jerusalem never accomplished. Impact on Muslims • Muslim society more advanced at this time so gained little from Europe • Countless Muslims lost their lives • New ideas – weapons and military techniques • Due to trade – money from trade provided new mosques and schools. • European furs and leather Impact on Jews • Extreme persecution and violence • Synagogues and temples burned to the ground • Tortured in order to make them accept Christianity • In Europe could not hold public office • Many businesses and property taken from Jewish owners • Segregation