Download Chapter 22 Descent With Modification 1. Compare the idea of the

BIO 102 Objectives Unit 3
Chapter 22 Descent With Modification
1. Compare the idea of the fixity of species with modern evolutionary thought
2. Describe the binomial nomenclature system devised by Carolus Linnaeus and provide
examples
3. Discuss the work of Charles Lyell in geology that incorporates uniformitarianism
4. Explain how two of Lamarck’s explanations for the mechanism of evolution -- use and
disuse, and acquired characteristics were not validated. Use the example of the giraffe
neck.
5. Discuss the findings Charles Darwin presented in On the Origin of Species including the
concepts of random variation, number of offspring produced vs resources, survival of
the fittest, reproductive fitness, and descent with modification
6. List some of the species in the Galapagos islands that Darwin observed while on the
Beagle
7. Explain how traits selected upon by nature may be preserved in a population as
adaptations
8. Associate the idea of a common ancestor between related species suggests a unity of
life that developed over millions of years
9. Observe that evolutionary trees unite species using evolutionarily shared characteristics
10. Explain why individuals do not evolve genetically while populations do
11. Define the term “fossil” and explain how fossils form
12. Examine skeletal evidence that whales evolved from a land mammal
13. Examine mammalian forelimb in humans, cats, whales, and bats and explain why these
structures are considered to be homologous
14. Observe that embryology supports the finding that vertebrate animals share a common
developmental plan
15. Provide examples of vestigial structures in snakes and how vestigial structures can
provide information on ancestry
16. Examine genetic homology in protein sequence and how amino acid sequence
differences support anatomical data as evidence evolutionary relatedness among
species
17. Provide examples of convergent evolution in Australian and North American mammals
18. Explain how geographical changes can affect species radiation and extinction patterns.
Use the example of changes since Pangaea.
19. Discuss the role of sexual selection in the peacock (video)
20. Analyze the experiment in guppy predation that provides direct evidence of genetic
change over time in a population.
21. Contrast between a hypothesis and a theory in science
BIO 102 Objectives Unit 3
Chapter 23 The Evolution of Populations
1. Contrast phenotypic and genotypic variation
2. Explain how the frequency of heterozygosity in a species or population relates to
genetic diversity
3. Discuss the cheetah population as an example of the potential effects of low genetic
diversity
4. Read about the mice populations on the Madeira Islands and their evolution as isolated
groups
5. Examine a geographical cline
6. View a point mutation in DNA and its potential neutral, harmful, or beneficial effects on
fitness
7. Review and summarize a paper on gene duplication
8. Examine the mutation rate in plants and animals
9. Review the generation of genetic diversity via mutation, independent assortment, and
sexual reproduction
10. List the assumptions made in Hardy Weinberg model of a population that is not evolving
11. Examine the effect natural selection and genetic drift of allele frequencies
12. Describe adaptive evolution with respect to changes in allele frequencies in a population
13. Analyze the effect of DDT on the adaptive evolution of Drosophila in the United States
14. Contrast between the founder effect and bottleneck mechanisms of genetic drift
15. Examine how harmful allele frequency, general changes in allele frequencies, and a
decrease in genetic diversity can arise via genetic drift
16. Explain why natural selection is a blend of chance and selection
17. Describe the effect of drought on the ground finch population genetics in the Galapagos
island of Daphne Major. Interpret a graph correlating beak size with survival.
18. Compare directional, disruptive, and balancing forms of natural selection, providing an
example of each.
19. View a video of sexual selection the peacock
20. Examine sexual dimorphism
21. Compare intrasexual and intrasexual forms of sexual selection
22. Explain why diploidy maintains genetic diversity in a population by maintaining recessive
alleles
23. Analyze the heterozygote advantage in malarial infection outcomes in humans
24. Provide evidence for why natural selection cannot fashion perfect organisms