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Chemistry B11 Chapters 8-18 review 1. A sodium hydroxide solution has a pH of 10.4. What is the [H+] and [OH-]? 2. If 54 mL of an aqueous solution of H3PO4 requires 34 mL of 0.83 M NaOH to reach the end point, what is the molarity of the H3PO4 solution? 3. The pKa of lactic acid is 3.86. What is the pH of a buffer in which the concentration of lactic acid is 0.2 M and concentration of sodium lactate is 2.0 M? 4. Show the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the following reactions: a) H2SO4 + Mg(OH)2 → MgSO4 + 2H2O b) HNO3 + NH3 → NH4+ + NO35. Naming the following acids: a) HF b) HNO2 c) H3PO4 d) H2CO3 6. How can we prepare a buffer? Describe the buffers in our body. Explain their reactions: Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College 7. Find the IUPAC name for the following compounds: CH3 Cl a) CH3-CH-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 CH3 OH b) NO2 Cl Br c) CH2=CH-CH-CH-CH3 Cl OH OH d) CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH-CH2-CH3 e) CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3 f) CH3-CH2 -CH-CH2SH NH2 Br g) OH CH3 h) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-N-CH3 NH2 OH O i) CH3-C-CH2-CH-C-CH2-CH3 NH2 O j) CH3-CH-CH2-CH NO2 OH Cl O k) CH3-CH-CH2-CH-COH Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College 8. Draw structural formulas for the following compounds: a) 3-methylpentanal b) 4-bromo-2-pentanone c) 4-chlorobenzaldehyde d) 3-nitro-2-hexanol e) 3-hydroxylbutanoic acid f) Methyl butyl ether g) 2,4,5-trichloroaniline h) 2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene i) N-Propylaniline j) 3,3-dibromo-1-hexanethiol 9. Draw five constitutional isomers for C7H14: 10. What reagents and/or catalysts are necessary to carry out each conversion? Determine the type of reaction. a) Benzene to Chlorobenzene b) Ethene to Ethane Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College c) Pentanal to pentanoic acid d) 2-butanone to 2-butanol e) 1-Propanol to propene 11. Name four physical properties for aldehydes? 12. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: a) CH3-CH2-OH, CH2=CH2, b) CH3-O-CH2-CH3, c) CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-NH2 CH3-CH2-CH2-SH, CH3-CH2-CH2-OH, CH3-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-COOH 13. From each pair, select the compound that is more soluble in water: a) CH3-CH2-SH CH3-CH2-COH b) CH3-(CH2)6-CH2-OH CH3-CH2-OH c) CH3-CH2-O-CH3 CH3-CH2-COOH d) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 14. Which of these compounds show cis-trans isomerism? For each that does, draw structural formulas for both isomers. Which one has a higher boiling point (cis or trans)? a) 2-methyl-2-butene b) 2-chloro-2-butene Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College 15. Write the molecular formula for the following compounds: a) An alkane with 15 carbon atoms b) An alkyne with 10 acrbon atoms c) An alkene with 8 carbon atoms 16. Give an example for hydrogenation and halogenation of alkenes (write the chemical equation). Determine the type of catalyst (if it is necessary). 17. Why benzene is less reactive than alkenes? 18. Write the oxidation reaction for the following alcohols: OH a) CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 b) CH3-CH2-CH2OH OH c) CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 CH3 19. Complete these chemical equations: a) CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 + HCl → b) CH3-CH2-SH + NaOH → c) OH + NaOH → d) COOH + NH3 → Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College 20. Explain why each name is an incorrect IUPAC name. Write the correct IUPAC name for each compound. a) 2-ethylbutane b) 4,5-dimethylhexane c) 4-nitroaminobenzene d) 3-propyl-1-pentene 21. What is the difference between the addition reactions and the substitution reactions? Give an example for each reaction? 22. How soap clean? 23. Write the chemical equation with the products: a) Dehydration – ethanol + heat with an acid catalyst produces? b) Fischer esterification – ethanoic acid + Ethanol + acid catalyst produces? c) Halogenation – 2-butene + bromine produces? d) Combustion – Pentane + oxygen → ___________ + _________ (please balance the equation) Dr. Behrang Madani Chemistry B11 Bakersfield College