Download Problem set 7 - Review for final

Problem set 7
Review for final
1. For the follwoing triacylglycerol, write the saponification reaction. What do we need for
this reaction? Balance the recation at the end.
O
CH2-O-C-(CH2)5-CH=CH-(CH2)4-CH3
O
CH-O-C-(CH2)14-CH3
CH2-O-C-(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)7-CH3
O
2. For triacylglycerol in question 1, write the reduction reaction (hydrogenation). Use a
transition metal as a catalyst. Identify the following molecule as an oil or a fat:
3. Using your textbook as a reference, draw structures for the following molecules/ions.
Construct and name the type of lipid containing these molecules/ions. Circle the hydrophobic
region. Draw a box around the hyrophilic regions.
a) Palmitic acid
b) Arachidonic acid c) A phosphate ion
d) Glycerol
e) Choline
4. Covert L-Mannose to D-Mannose and write the oxidation reaction for D-Mannose (use the
Benedictʼ reagent as an oxidizing agent).
Dr. Behrang Madani
Chemistry 203
CSUB
5. Write the reduction rection (hydrogenation) for D-xylose and D-Erythrulose. What kind of
catalyst is needed for this reaction?
D-Erythrulose
D-Xylose
6. Write a reaction for formation of α-Lactose. What kind of glycosidic bond is formed
between?
7. Write the hydrolysis reaction for sucrose. What kind of calayst is needed for this reaction?
8. Convert the following Fischer projection structures to cyclic structures (Haworth):
D-Sorbose
D-Arabinose
9. Convert the following cyclic structures (Haworth) to Fischer projection structures:
α-D-tagatose
Dr. Behrang Madani
Chemistry 203
CSUB
10. Draw the structure of a tetramer of amylopectin. Include one crosslink (branch). Identify
the type of glycosidic bonds.
11. Draw the structure of the following tetrapeptide. Identify the N-terminal and C-terminal.
Circle all of the R groups. Put a box around the peptide bonds.
Asp-Thr-Phe-Lys
12. In question 11, identify nonpolar, polar but neutral, acidic, and basic amino acids.
13. In question 11, draw the structure of tetrapeptide in a solution with the following pH:
a) pH = 6
b) pH = 2
c) pH = 10
14. Constract the nucleic acid that is represented as G U A C. Draw the structure of the entire
molecule. Use the letter abbreviations for the bases. Label the 5’ end and the 3’ end of the
nucleic acid. Circle the backbone of the polynucleotide. What is(are) the secondary
product(s)? You have constructed DNA or RNA? Why?
Dr. Behrang Madani
Chemistry 203
CSUB
15. Consider the following segment of DNA:
3’-ATGGCCATGCAATGGATCG-5’
5’-TACCGGTACGTTACCTAGC-3’
Identify which strand to use for transcription. Describe where and how mRNA is transcribed.
Label the 5’ and 3’ ends in the product. Circle the codons. Write the sequence of the
anticodons in the correct place. Find the polypeptide and label the N and C terminals.
16. In question 15, if the base pair #6 is missing, describe the effect on the protein chain.
17. How many oxidation reactions are in β-oxidation of fatty acids? Which reactions
(number)?
18. Write the overall reaction of glycolysis. Write the reaction for oxidation of pyruvate in
anaerobic condition.
19. Which reaction of citric acid cyle is an isomerization reaction? What are the products of
citric acid cyle?
20. Write the reaction of glycogenesis. What is the product of this reaction?
Dr. Behrang Madani
Chemistry 203
CSUB
21. The follwoing figure shows the first fix reactions of glycolysis. Name these steps. How
many ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis (overall)?
22. Which amino acid will be synthesized by the following process?
COOC=O
+ NADH + H+ + NH4+ →
CH2
COO-
Dr. Behrang Madani
Chemistry 203
CSUB