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Name _______________________________________
Vocabulary Crossword
Date __________
Chapter 7: DNA
1
2
H
3
4
7
Per. ____
5
P
Y
G
6
8
N
9
L
G
10
C
14
15
O
16
11
R
12
A
B
13
P
T
17
K
F
K
18
F
19
21
22
A
24
25
20
23
E
E
G
E
26
P
27
28
B
29
30
N
31
32
Y
33
34
35
N
H
M
C
37
W
WORD BANK:
The words in parenthesis are for reference only, and do not go in the puzzle.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
phosphate (group)
sugar (group)
base
nucleotide
adenine
thymine
guanine
cytosine
Chargaff
Franklin
(x-ray) diffraction
Watson and Crick
double helix
twisted ladder
backbone
rungs
complementary
replication
template
chromatids
protein synthesis
messenger (RNA)
mRNA
uracil
gene
codon
ribosome
transfer (RNA)
tRNA
amino acids
protein
3-D shape
lock and key
mutation
mutagen
cancer
ACROSS:
1) DNA is like a twisted ladder shape, where the bases are the rungs and the sugar and
phosphate groups make up the backbone. The science word for this shape is ___ (2 wds).
3) A nucleotide is made of three basic parts: a phosphate group, a base, and a ___ group,
which is ribose.
4) Adenine always pairs with thymine. That's because one longer base has to combine with one
shorter base, and also be the right shape to fit together. We say that these two are ___.
7) The base that always pairs with guanine is called ___.
8) A sugar group, phosphate group, and base combine together to make the building block of
all DNA called a(n) ___.
10) Messenger RNA brings a piece of copied DNA (gene) to a ribosome so that the ribosome can
read the gene and create a protein. It does this by attaching ___ together into a long chain.
11) When there is a mutation (mistake) during replication or protein synthesis, this change in the
DNA can lead to ___, which is uncontrolled growth in cells.
14) In order to "read" the genes brought to the ribosome by mRNA, the ribosome has to know the
language of DNA. Each group of three bases makes a word for a particular amino acid. This
group of three bases (word) is known as a(n) ___.
15) The organelle inside the cell where proteins are manufactured out of amino acids = ___.
16) Any change in the order of bases in DNA (or mRNA), that causes the cell to not function the
way it is supposed to function, is called a(n) ___.
17) Protein chains of amino acids will twist and bend to form 3-D shapes. These shapes are very
important, because they act like a ___ system for a specific purpose in the cell.
18) When Rosalind Franklin shined an x-ray on a strand of DNA, the x-ray light bounced off the
molecule and showed her that it was spiraled. Bouncing light off something is called ___.
21) A nucleotide is made of a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a(n) ___ like adenine.
23) A long strand of amino acids all attached together, and then twisted and wrapped around into
a 3-D shape, will make a(n) ___, which will help perform some function in the cell.
24) When DNA is ready to replicate, it will unzip. Each side of the ladder will become a "blank
guide" to help make a new DNA. This blank guide is known as a(n) ___.
25) The base that always pairs with thymine is called ___.
26) The shortened version of deoxyribonucleic acid is ___.
27) The sugar and phosphate groups of the nucleotides make up the ___ of the tiwsted ladder,
while the bases make up the "rungs".
29) The base that always pairs with cytosine is called ___.
32) The process of stringing amino acids into long, "beaded" chains is called ___ (2 wds).
35) Little piece of DNA-like material called tRNA carry amino acids to the ribosome to help make
proteins. The "t" in tRNA stands for ___.
36) The small piece of DNA-like material that carries a copied gene out of the nucleus to the
ribosome to be made into a protein, is knows as ___
37) The double-helix shape of DNA can be thought of as a ___ (2 wds)
DOWN:
1) The letters DNA stand for ___.
2) The two scientists who discovered the double helix shape of DNA were ___ (3 wds).
5) The really small piece of DNA-like material that carries amino acids to the ribosome to help
make proteins, is called ___.
6) Two bases of different length (one longer / one shorter), complement each other and make up
the steps or ___ of the DNA twisted ladder.
9) When DNA replicates, it makes two identical copies that are attached together. These two
identical, attached strands are called "sister ___".
12) The man who discovered that there are equal amounts of adenine as thymine, and equal
amounts of cytosine and guanine (though he didn't know what that meant)
13) The process of duplicating the DNA in your cells is called ___.
19) Any substance or condition that can cause a change in order of bases in DNA and lead
to a mutation is known as a(n) ___
20) The "m" in mRNA stands for ___.
22) A piece of DNA that codes for a certain trait, like hair color or height, is knows as a(n) ___.
23) A nucleotide is made of three parts: a sugar group, a base (like adenine), and a ___ group.
28) The abbreviation for "edible grass".
30) R. ___ was the lady who bounced x-ray light waves off of DNA to discover its spiral shape.
31) Once a long chain of amino acids is created, it twists and bends into a ___ (2 wds) so that
it can fulfill its purpose as a "lock and key".
33) The base that always pairs with adenine is called ___.
34) So that the cell doesn't think that the nucleus is falling apart when mRNA comes out of the
nucleus… the mRNA does use thymine. Instead it uses ___ as a way to protect the cell.