* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download AIM: What system of the human body regulates hormones?
Survey
Document related concepts
History of catecholamine research wikipedia , lookup
Xenoestrogen wikipedia , lookup
Hormonal contraception wikipedia , lookup
Menstrual cycle wikipedia , lookup
Triclocarban wikipedia , lookup
Neuroendocrine tumor wikipedia , lookup
Breast development wikipedia , lookup
Hormone replacement therapy (male-to-female) wikipedia , lookup
Hyperthyroidism wikipedia , lookup
Mammary gland wikipedia , lookup
Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy wikipedia , lookup
Hyperandrogenism wikipedia , lookup
Endocrine disruptor wikipedia , lookup
Growth hormone therapy wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
AIM: What system of the human body regulates hormones? Do Now: Hypothesize how hormones communicate in the human body? Explain in detail… Main Idea: A system of the human body regulated by hormonal feedback mechanisms… What is a feedback mechanism? •It returns a system back to a set point once it deviates •EX: thermostat What is •Organ that produces & a gland? releases a substance Exocrine •Release secretions through ducts gland •Ex: sweat, tears, digestive juices Endocrine •Release secretions gland (hormones) directly into bloodstream What is a •Chemical messenger hormone? •Substance that acts on certain target cells and tissues to produce a specific response What is •Cells hormones travel to a target •Have receptors for specific hormones cell? •No receptor no effect There are 2 types of hormones: •Steroid •Non-steroid (amino acid) aka protein type Steroid hormones: •Ex: estrogen, testosterone •Work by causing cells to initiate protein synthesis •Lipid soluble (can diffuse through membrane) Non-steroid hormones: •Ex: insulin, growth •Can’t diffuse/ they bind to outside receptor activates an enzyme inside cell E N D O C R I N E G L A N D S AIM: How do the glands of the E.S. maintain homeostasis in the human body? Do Now: Describe the difference between the endocrine and the exocrine glands… 1. HYPOTHALAMUS • Small region of the brain • Connected to the pituitary • Directs the pituitary in it’s role • ***LINKS THE ENDOCRINE TO THE NERVOUS SYSTEM*** 2. Pituitary gland: •Located at base of brain •“master gland” •Regulates – Thyroid – Adrenal – Testes – Ovaries A. GH: GROWTH HORMONE •Controls growth •Elongation of bones B. ACTH: • Stimulates production and release of hormones from adrenal glands C TSH: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone • Stimulates production and release of thyroxine from the thyroid gland 3. Thyroid gland: •In the neck •Thyroxine (regulates metabolism) •Calcitonin (regulates Ca+) 4. Parathyroid •Sits on the Thyroid gland gland: •Parathormone •Increases blood Ca+ by making bones release the mineral 5. Adrenal glands: •Sit on top of kidneys •Cortisol – Raises blood glucose – Reduces inflammation •Epinephrine (aka adrenaline) •Norepinephrine 6. Pancreas: • Release enzymes that digest carbs, proteins and fats -Insulin (signals liver to convert glucose glycogen) -Glucagon (binds to liver cells – signals to convert glycogen glucose 7. Gonads: •Ovaries – Estrogen – progesterone •Testes – Androgens •testosterone AIM: How do hormones work to maintain homeostasis? Do Now: Name and describe three hormones of the endocrine system. What processes are regulated by hormonal activity? • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. Overall metabolism Homeostasis Growth Reproduction •Are hormones regulated? •how? FEEDBACK… M HORMONES (usually Negative Feedback) Allows for constant adjustments to maintain a “Set Point” or balance!!! Positive Feedback… • Continued released of a given hormone by endocrine glands for a determined length of time (inhibited by negative feedback). • Ex. Oxytocin and Prolactinencourages lactation of milk from mammary glands of nursing mothers. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK • Generally glands do not secrete hormones at a constant rate • Varies with needs of body • Most are counterbalanced by a second hormone Which gland? What is hypersecretion? • Release of an excess amount of a hormone • OVERSECRETION What is hyposecretion? • Deficiency – not enough of hormone is secreted • UNDERSECRETION Summary: Explain what might happen if the endocrine system fails to regulate the amount of hormones produced and released? 1. Hyperthyroidism 2.Hypothyroidism 3. Dwarfism 4. Gigantism Link to nervous system… • Both involved in regulating activities of the body and maintain homeostasis • Hypothalamus: produces two hormones – Oxytocin (contractions) – Antidiuretic hormone (regulates h2o- nervous system release it from axons in pituitary) – Travels in blood to kidney to reabsorb more h2o