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Points to Consider • What do you think causes allergies? • Do you know of other diseases that are not caused by pathogens? • Do you think these diseases are contagious? 21.2 Noninfectious Diseases Lesson Objectives • • • • • List causes of noninfectious diseases. Describe causes and treatments of cancer. Explain why diabetes occurs. Describe autoimmune diseases and allergies. State how noninfectious diseases can be prevented. Check Your Understanding • What is an infectious disease? • What are the stages of the cell cycle? Vocabulary • • • • • • allergy autoimmune disease diabetes noninfectious disease type 1 diabetes type 2 diabetes Causes of Noninfectious Diseases Not all diseases spread from person to person. A disease that does not spread from person to person is called a noninfectious disease. An examples is cancer. Certain cancers may or may not be caused by pathogens. Most noninfectious diseases have more than one cause. The causes may include genes and an unhealthy lifestyle. Having a specific gene may increase the chances that people will have certain diseases. But other factors, like lifestyle, may determine if the diseases actually develop. For example, what people eat or whether they smoke may also play a role in whether or not a person gets cancer. Several noninfectious diseases are discussed in other chapters. For example, heart disease is discussed in Cardiovascular System chapter. In this lesson, the focus is on cancer, diabetes, and diseases of the immune system. 587 www.ck12.org
