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Download Chapter 10 – Controlling Disease Notes Lesson 1 Disease
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Transcript
Chapter 10 – Controlling Disease Notes Lesson 1 Disease - Any harmful change in the health of your body or mind Pathogen - Anything that causes a disease, esp. a virus or microorganism (a very tiny living thing like bacteria, fungi) Infectious Disease - Any disease that is caused by pathogens that invade the body (caused by bacteria, virus). Examples of Infectious Disease - Common cold, flu, chicken pox, strep throat Communicable Disease - Can be passed directly from one person to another, like the flu Noninfectious Disease - A disease that is not caused by a pathogen. Usually include specific body systems and nutritional disorders Examples of Noninfectious Disease - Heart Disease, Diabetes, allergies Chronic Disease - A disease that lasts a long time Defenses Against Disease - Skin, mucous membranes, sweat, saliva, tears, stomach acid, microorganisms Immune System - Is made up of tissues, organs and cells that fight pathogens Lesson 2 Virus - A tiny, disease-causing particle that invades a healthy cell and instructs that cell to make more viruses NOT A LIVING THING So small only seen with microscope Can be spread from direct or indirect contact with a person Vaccine - Medicine that contains killed or weakened pathogens and is given to protect you against a particular disease Anitbody - Chemical that your body produces to fight invading pathogens Bacteria - Living things that are more complex than viruses. Very small, single-cell organisms with no nucleus - Can live on their own and live anywhere - Spread same way viruses Ways to prevent Bacteria from Spreading - Washing your hands, keeping kitchen clean, not sharing glasses or eating utensils, getting treatment for an illness Antibiotic - Medicine used to stop the growth of or to kill bacteria Protozoa - Small, single-celled organisms that have a nucleus; more complex - Most harmless to humans; but can affect our water; example: malaria (carried by mosquitoes) Parasite - Organism that gets its food from another organism without killing it Fungi - Complex organisms that cannot make their own food - Most common: athlete’s foot, toenail fungus - Treated with antifungal creams and powders Lesson 3 Ways to Protect Yourself and Others from Infectious Diseases - Stay away from people who are sick, wash your hands, healthy diet, plenty of rest and exercise, get vaccines (most provided from 0-6 years), cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing Noninfectious Disease - Disease or disorder that is not caused by a virus or living organism Genetic Disease - A disease or disorder that is caused entirely or partly by genetic info passes on to a child from one or both parents. - Example: down’s syndrome - Disease or disorder that is present at birth but is not a genetic disease - Example: Congenital Heart Disease Common Noninfectious Diseases - Heart Disease, diabetes, cancer, allergies, asthma, Alzheimer’s Living with Noninfectious Diseases - May have to eat a special diet, take medicine, avoid certain activities, have special medical care; most can lead normal lives Lesson 5 Congenital Disease