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Ancient Rome: Roman Republic Test Review Scramble Answers 1. Italy is in the __________________ of the Mediterranean Sea west of _____________________. NECTRE RGEEEC Center Greece 2. Rome is located just inland on the ___________________ River in west-central Italy. RIBET Tiber 3. The great mountain chain to the north of Italy is the _______________. LSPA Alps 4. The Romans copied many things from the _________________, such as their gods and architectural styles. EGKRSE Greeks 5. One of the Romans’ greatest legacies is their advances in engineering. They didn’t make great structures just to impress people or properly worship the gods. More importantly, they made them to solve __________________________ problems. RILCAPCAT Practical 6. Engineering achievements of the ancient Romans include building ________________________, advanced sewer and 0plumbing systems, amphitheaters (think of the Colosseum), and domed structures. DAEQCUTUS Aqueducts 7. The three major periods of ancient Roman history are the Regal Period (rule by Etruscan kings), Roman __________________, and Roman ___________________. EPRILUBC MERIEP Republic Empire 8. The famous Roman epic that tells the story of the Trojan horse and follows the flight of a Trojan prince from Troy to Italy, as well as the story of the founding of Rome is the ______________________ written by ______________________. ENEIDA LVIREG Aeneid Vergil 9. Per Roman tradition, ____________________ and Remus founded the city of Rome. ORLUMSU Romulus 10. Per tradition, Rome was founded as a village built among ___________________________ hills. VENES Seven 11. Because Roman mansions were built on the Palatine Hill, we call a king’s mansion a __________________________. LCAAEP Palace 12. The Regal Period (753 to 509 B.C.E.) was the period in Roman history when Rome was ruled by ______________________ kings from north of Rome. RSTEUACSN Etruscans 13. The Roman Republic lasted from 509 to 31 B.C.E. During the early centuries of the Roman Republic, _______________________ (wealthy people with important family names) lost political power to the __________________________ (rich and poor people who didn't have important family names). TCAPIRNSAI EPNALSBEI Patricians Plebeians 14. During the Struggle of the Orders (the political struggle of the early Roman Republic), plebeians gained the right to have their own assembly, to have laws posted, to be elected consuls, and eventually gained the right to pass laws affecting all Roman citizens, including ______________. IAARTNPCIS Patricians 1 15. The word ____________________ comes from the Latin term res publica. This term means "a public thing" and refers to the Romans' belief that a ___________________ should be under the control of the people. PBERLCUI MNORVGNTEE Republic Government 16. In a _______________ democracy, all citizens can __________________ and vote on all issues. ERDTIC BAEETD Direct Debate 17. In a _______________________, or representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to vote for them, such as when Americans elect Congressmen during a national _______________________. ECRPLNUIAB OLTNICEE Republican Election 18. The center of Roman political and religious life was the _________________. ORUMF Forum 19. Per Polybius, the three parts of the Roman government were monarchy (rule by a king), aristocracy (rule by wealthy landowners), and ____________________________ (rule by the people). MEACORYDC Democracy 20. Most Roman officials were elected to one-year terms and served in office with at least one other person who had the same ______________________ as themselves. SROEPW 21. There were two Roman consuls who carried out the laws and served as commanders-in-chief. This means that they led the Roman _______________________. This currently is a power of the president of the United States. TLIYRAIM 22. Each consul could __________________ (forbid) each other’s actions. This is also currently a power of the U.S. president. Consuls served ____________-year terms to prevent them from becoming too powerful. OTEV ENO Veto One 23. The symbol of Roman authority was the fasces. This refers to an axe tied to a bundle of __________________. The number of servants carrying their own fasces represented the level of power possessed by a Roman official. Consuls had the most fasces. CTSKSI Fasces 24. The U.S. president serves a _______________-year term, a U.S. senator serves a _______________-year term, and a member of the U.S. House of Representatives serves a _______________-year term. UROF IXS OWT Four Six Two 25. Roman praetors were like federal (national) _____________________ in the United States government. GJDEUS Judges 26. The most important common people’s assembly in ancient Rome was the ________________ of the Plebeians. Though it passed laws, it did not ________________________ laws. ICONLCU OERSPPO Council Propose 27. The plebeians gained the right to have officials called ______________________ protect them. In today’s world, newspapers have the term for these officials in their titles to indicate that they are protectors of the people through their reporting of the news. ESUTBRIN Tribunes 28. The U.S. Senate is based on the ancient Roman Senate. The Roman Senate, however, DID NOT have the power to pass _______________. Instead, senators gave formal __________________ 2 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. to the Council of the Plebeians whose members usually voted the way the senators wanted them to vote. WLAS CDAVEI Laws Advice The Council of the Plebeians generally voted the way the Senate wanted it to vote because senators had auctoritas. Though hard to properly define, this generally refers to the level of political power and influence one had because of one’s family name, military successes, the political offices one has held, etc. This Latin term is the origin of the English word _________________________, meaning one’s right to rule. TIAUORHYT Authority The Roman Senate had control over Rome's _______________ policy and had control over the empire's finances. In American politics, this is called the power of the ____________________. ROFEING ERSPU Foreign Purse The top government official in the Roman Republic was called a consul and is like the office of the __________________ of the United States. DPISRNEET President The term veto is a Latin term meaning "I _____________." OFIBDR Forbid A _____________________ was a Roman official given total power for six months to solve a crisis. In today’s world, a dictator is someone who has strong control over a government and usually refuses to give up power. TTCIROAD Dictator ______________________ were Roman officials who could remove senators from the Roman senate for amoral behavior. They also conducted surveys for assigning people to the voting blocs of the Centuriate Assembly. They assigned people based on wealth. In today’s world, censors prevent people from seeing or listening to content that is deemed inappropriate. Censors in today’s world also conduct surveys for the government every ten years for the main purpose of determining how many seats states gets in the House of Representatives. OCNRESS Censors The idea for the method by which we choose the electors that elect the president of the United States comes from the bloc voting method of the Roman Centuriate ______________________. MSABYESL Assembly Romans came to dominate the _________________ Mediterranean region because of the Punic Wars. SERENWT Western Rome came to dominate the Eastern Roman Empire by conquering the ____________________ kingdoms that had been created after the death of ________________________ the Great. SLECLEHNTII DAERNAXEL Hellenistic Alexander The period of civil wars that began in Roman history in 133 B.C.E. started because of the _______________________ brothers' attempt to pass reforms outside of the traditional unwritten ____________________ governing Rome's republican political system. CHAURGCS UELSR Gracchus Rules _______________________ won the war among the members of the First Triumvirate but was killed by senators after he had himself appointed __________________________ for life. UJULIS SRCAAE ADCTTORI Julius Caesar Dictator Octavian Caesar won the wars among the members of the Second Triumvirate in 31 B.C.E. when he defeated Mark Antony and ____________________, the queen of Egypt. This marked the end of the Hellenistic Age. LCEOPTAAR Cleopatra 3 41. Octavian Caesar became Rome’s first _________________________. PEREMOR Emperor 4