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Transcript
Protein Digestion 1 N 0 N N 7 6 17 N N N 1 4 1 7 N N 2 1 17 N N N 16 N 9 13 11 N 1 12 3 N N 16 1 1 N N 20 18 N N 8 N N N 19 7 N N N 4 11 1 Crude Protein in feed is composed of both true proteins and Non-protein Nitrogen. As illustrated in the diagram below, true proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids. 13 N N N 12 3 True proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids. The chain of each unique protein (e.g., milk casein, blood albumin) is a specific sequence of 20 different amino acids. Each amino acid contains at least one atom of nitrogen. When feed proteins enter the rumen, those that are degradable are broken down by microbial enzymes into shorter chains (peptides), individual amino acids, organic acids and ammonia. Rumen microbes use these breakdown products to manufacture their own microbial protein. As digestion progresses, microbes are carried out of the rumen. In the small intestine, digestive enzymes release amino acids from microbial protein for use by the cow. Undegradable feed proteins pass through the rumen without being digested. Unless they are completely resistant, they will also be digested in the small intestine. The blend of amino acids available to the cow is a combination of those released by intestinal digestion of both microbial and undegraded feed proteins. When the available blend is not exactly what the cow requires, excess amino acids are broken down in the liver, much of the nitrogen (N) being released as urea and excreted. Dietary Non-protein Nitrogen is rapidly and completely degraded to ammonia by rumen microbial enzymes. source: Dairy Production Primer - Feeds & Feeding Management ©2004 Western Dairy Science Inc.