Download Edexcel GCSE - Revision World

SurnameInitial(s)
Signature
Paper Reference(s)
5005
5025
Edexcel GCSE
Science (5005)
Biology (5025)
B1a – Topics 1 and 2
Foundation and Higher Tier
Monday 5 March 2012 – Morning
Time: 20 minutes
Materials required for examination
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
HB pencil, eraser and calculator
Items included with question papers
Nil
Instructions to Candidates
Use an HB pencil. Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
Foundation tier candidates: answer questions 1 – 24.
Higher tier candidates: answer questions 17 – 40.
All candidates are to answer questions 17 – 24.
Before the test begins:
Check that the answer sheet is for the correct test and that it contains your candidate details.
How to answer the test:
For each question, choose the right answer, A, B, C or D
and mark it in HB pencil on the answer sheet.
For example, the answer C would be marked as shown.
A
B
D
Mark only one answer for each question. If you change your mind about an answer, rub out
the first mark thoroughly, then mark your new answer.
Do any necessary calculations and rough work in this booklet. You may use a calculator if you wish.
You must not take this booklet or the answer sheet out of the examination room.
Printer’s Log. No.
P40180A
*P40180A*
W850/R1535/57570 1/1/1/1/
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Pearson Education Ltd copyright policy. ©2012 Pearson Education Ltd.
Turn over
Questions 1 to 16 must be answered by Foundation tier candidates only.
Higher tier candidates start at question 17.
Ecosystems in rivers
Use the information and diagram to answer questions 1 to 4.
The diagram shows part of a food web for a river.
seal
heron
small
fish
shrimp
worm
animal
planton
algae
mussels
Which is the producer in this food chain?
A
mussels
B
crab
C
algae
D
seal
2.
How many types of organisms feed on the salmon?
A
2 only
B
4 only
C
6 only
D
16 only
3.
Which are the top carnivores in this food web?
A
seal and salmon only
B
seal and heron only
C
seal and crab only
D
seal, heron and crab only
P40180A
freshwater
mollusc
salmon
crab
1.
stonefly
larva
2
4.
Which of the following is a correct food chain for this food web?
A
algae
B
algae
C
heron
D
worm
5.
→shrimp
→mussels
→ small fish
→crab
→salmon →seal
→crab →worm
→salmon →shrimp
→mussels→algae
One species of salmon has 25 pairs of chromosomes.
Where are chromosomes found in the cells of a salmon?
A
cell membrane
B
nucleus
C
cytoplasm
D
chloroplast
6.
Which row of the table is correct?
chromosomes contain
7.
chromosomes contain
A
genes
HGP
B
genes
DNA
C
gametes
HGP
D
gametes
DNA
Female salmon release eggs into a nest called a redd. A male salmon sprays the eggs with
sperm.
This type of reproduction is called
A
asexual
B
cloning
C
selective breeding
D
sexual
8.
Eggs and sperm are examples of
A
genotypes
B
alleles
C
gametes
D
phenotypes
P40180A
3
Turn over
Organic farming
9.
The pie chart shows the percentage of organic farming in six regions of the world.
North
America
6%
Europe
23%
Oceania
42%
Asia 4%
Africa 1%
Latin
America
24%
Which of the six regions of the world has the lowest percentage of organic farming?
A
Asia
B
Africa
C
North America
D
Oceania
10.
Organic farming involves
A
using only natural pesticides and fertilisers
B
using artificial pesticides and fertilisers
C
using both natural and artificial fertilisers
D
using artificial fertilisers and natural pesticides
11.
What is the most likely reason for farmers changing to organic farming methods?
A
crops have a longer shelf life
B
consistent crop growth
C
increased profit margins
D
increased crop production
P40180A
4
12.
Which of these statements about the ethical reasons for the promotion of organic farming
methods are correct?
1
2
organic farming methods reduce pollution of water by chemicals
the use of biological control reduces the use of toxic artificial pesticides
A
1 only
B
2 only
C
both 1 and 2
D
neither 1 nor 2
The Black Petunia
Petunias have pigments called anthocyanins that control the colour of their petals.
13.
By breeding plants with the highest levels of anthocyanins, scientists have produced a nearly
black-flowered petunia.
This process is known as
A
genetic modification
B
natural selection
C
selective breeding
D
survival of the fittest
14.
The pollen and ovules of plants contain sex cells.
These sex cells are examples of
A
diploid genes
B
diploid gametes
C
haploid genes
D
haploid gametes
P40180A
5
Turn over
15.
Alleles determine characteristics such as petal colour.
What is an allele?
A
a complete chromosome
B
a complete DNA molecule
C
an alternative form of a gene
D
an alternative form of a gamete
16.
What term is used to describe an organism with two of the same alleles for a characteristic?
A
heterozygous
B
homozygous
C
genotype
D
phenotype
P40180A
6
Higher tier candidates start at question 17 and answer questions 17 to 40.
Questions 17 to 24 must be answered by all candidates: Foundation tier and Higher tier.
Cloned meat – the future of food
In a recent report, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) said there is no
evidence of any difference between meat from cloned cattle compared to meat from conventionally-bred
cattle.
17.
Cattle cloned from one individual are genetically
A
different from each other
B
identical to each other
C
identical to all conventionally-bred cattle
D
different from each other and all conventionally-bred cattle
18.
Which statements are ethical concerns about the cloning of cattle?
1
2
there is no difference between the meat from cloned cattle and meat from
conventionally-bred cattle
cloned cattle may have a shorter natural life span than conventionally-bred
cattle
A
1 only
B
2 only
C
both 1 and 2
D
neither 1 nor 2
19.
Some pressure groups are against the cloning of cattle.
One pressure group stated ‘cloning will only encourage the move to industrialised dairy and
cattle farming’.
Why should people carry out further research before agreeing with statements from pressure
groups?
A
pressure groups never print the truth
B
pressure groups do not know anything about cloning
C
pressure groups always give a fair view
D
pressure groups are likely to print only one point of view
P40180A
7
Turn over
Natural selection
Use the diagram to answer questions 20 and 21.
The diagram shows natural selection.
We love black beetles
...generations later...
...generations later...
20.
What was the end result after many generations?
A
an increase in both types of beetles
B
a decrease in both types of beetles
C
an increase in grey beetles and a decrease in black beetles
D
an increase in black beetles and a decrease in grey beetles
21.
The diagram shows
A
interdependence between the birds and the beetles
B
a predator-prey relationship between the two types of beetles
C
intra-species competition between birds and beetles
D
a predator-prey relationship between birds and beetles
P40180A
8
22.
Natural selection results in
A
evolution due to survival of the fittest
B
evolution due to artificial selection
C
extinction due to successful adaptation
D
extinction due to artificial selection
23.
Computer models can be used to suggest the effects of natural selection.
Computer modelling is used because computer models
A
always produce accurate results
B
are more reliable than real data
C
enable predictions to be produced faster
D
never involve human error
24.
Evidence to support the theory of evolution can be found using
A
pyramids of biomass and pyramids of numbers
B
the mineralised remains of plants and animals
C
computer models of artificial selection
D
genetic diagrams of inheritance
TOTAL FOR FOUNDATION TIER PAPER: 24 MARKS
Foundation tier candidates do not answer any more questions after question 24.
P40180A
9
Turn over
Questions 25 to 40 must be answered by Higher tier candidates only.
Foundation tier candidates do not answer questions 25 to 40.
Genetic inheritance
Use the information to answer questions 25 to 28.
Retinitis pigmentosa is a disorder that damages the retina in the eye.
Retinitis pigmentosa can be a genetically inherited disorder.
An example of the inheritance of this disorder is shown in the pedigree diagram below.
(one parent affected)
father
mother
Dd
Dd
dd
dd
affected normal
son
daughter
25.
Dd
dd
affected
daughter
normal
son
This example of the genetic disorder is caused by
A
a recessive allele
B
a dominant allele
C
both the dominant and recessive alleles
D
neither the dominant nor recessive alleles
26.
Which row of the table is correct for the genotype and phenotype of these parents for the
disorder Retinitis pigmentosa?
father
genotype
P40180A
mother
phenotype
genotype
phenotype
A
heterozygous
affected
homozygous
not affected
B
homozygous
not affected
heterozygous
not affected
C
homozygous
affected
homozygous
affected
D
heterozygous
not affected
heterozygous
affected
10
27.
The affected daughter decides to have children.
What would be the percentage chance of her passing the allele for Retinitis pigmentosa on to
her offspring?
A
25%
B
50%
C
75%
D
100%
28.
P40180A
Which Punnett square is correct for the genetic cross shown in the pedigree diagram?
D
d
D
DD
Dd
d
Dd
dd
A
D
d
d
Dd
dd
d
Dd
Dd
B
d
d
d
Dd
dd
d
Dd
dd
C
11
d
d
D
Dd
Dd
d
dd
dd
D
Turn over
Trends in cancer
Use the graphs to answer questions 29 and 30.
male
prostate
lung and bronchus
colon and rectum
2003 –
2001 –
1999 –
1997 –
1995 –
1993 –
1991 –
1989 –
1987 –
1985 –
1983 –
1981 –
1979 –
urinary bladder
1977 –
260 –
–
240 –
–
220 –
–
200 –
–
180 –
–
160 –
–
140 –
–
120 –
–
100 –
–
80 –
–
60 –
–
40 –
–
20 –
–
0–
1975 –
rate per 100,000 population
The graphs show the incidence of different cancers in males and females between 1975 and 2003.
female
breast
year of diagnosis
P40180A
12
2003 –
2001 –
1999 –
1997 –
1995 –
1993 –
1991 –
1989 –
1987 –
1985 –
1983 –
1981 –
1979 –
lung and bronchus
colon and rectum
uterine corpus
1977 –
260 –
–
240 –
–
220 –
–
200 –
–
180 –
–
160 –
–
140 –
–
120 –
–
100 –
–
80 –
–
60 –
–
40 –
–
20 –
–
0–
1975 –
rate per 100,000 population
year of diagnosis
29.
Which row of the table shows the most common types of cancer in males and females between
1975 and 2003?
male
30.
female
A
breast
prostate
B
lung and bronchus
colon and rectum
C
colon and rectum
lung and rectum
D
prostate
breast
For a female population of 2 million, how many cases of breast cancer were there during 1987?
A
130
B
260
C
1300
D
2600
31.
Research is being carried out into treating breast cancer with gene therapy.
This is possible because of
A
research into animal cloning and genetic engineering
B
the outcomes of the HGP and research into genetic engineering
C
the outcomes of the HGP and research into animal cloning
D
research into ‘designer babies’ and transgenic animals
32.
Gene therapy involves
A
identifying and adding new alleles into affected cells
B
removing the allele that causes a disorder from each cell
C
mutating the gene that causes a disorder to produce new cells
D
changing the whole human genome to remove the disorder
P40180A
13
Turn over
Hydroponics
There is an increase in the use of hydroponics for growing salad vegetables.
Hydroponics involves growing plants with their roots in water rather than soil.
Jeff Carroll / Agstockusa / Science Photo Library
33.
Plants grown using hydroponic systems have a higher crop yield than traditional methods.
What is essential for plant growth?
A
nitrogen
B
fats
C
protein
D
fibre
34.
A plant with yellow leaves may not be making enough chlorophyll.
Which mineral ions are essential for chlorophyll formation?
A
nitrate and phosphate ions
B
nitrate and magnesium ions
C
nitrate and potassium ions
D
nitrate ions only
35.
Biological control is often used when growing plants with hydroponics.
What does biological control involve?
A
using natural fertilisers to increase plant growth
B
using artificial fertilisers to increase plant growth
C
spraying with pesticides to remove insect pests
D
using predators to reduce the pests that feed on crop plants
P40180A
14
36.
Crop plants can be genetically modified to increase crop yield.
During genetic modification
A
enzymes are used to remove genes and hormones are used to insert genes
B
hormones are used to remove genes and enzymes are used to insert genes
C
enzymes are used to both remove and insert genes
D
hormones are used to both remove and insert genes
P40180A
15
Turn over
Classification of animals
Use the diagram to answer questions 37 and 38.
The diagram shows the main groups of classification of some animals.
Felis catus
(domestic cat)
Mephitis
mephitis
(striped
skunk)
Felis
Lutra
lutra
(European
otter)
Mephitis
Felidae
Canis
familiaris
(domestic
dog)
Lutra
Canis lupus
(wolf)
Canis
Canidae
Mustelidae
Carnivora
37.
To which family does the domestic cat belong?
A
catus
B
Felis
C
Felidae
D
Carnivora
38.
Which classification details are correct for the domestic dog?
species
Canis
species
Canis
genus
familiaris
genus
familiaris
family
Canidae
family
Carnivora
order
Carnivora
order
Canidae
A
P40180A
B
species
Carnivora
species
familiaris
genus
Canidae
genus
Canis
family
Canis
family
Canidae
order
familiaris
order
Carnivora
C
D
16
39.
Which of these statements about classification are correct?
1
2
3
there are five main vertebrate groups – mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians
and fish
there are more similarities between organisms in the same family than organisms
in the same genus
plants and animals form the only two known kingdoms
A
1 only
B
1 and 2 only
C
1 and 3 only
D
1, 2 and 3
40.
It is difficult to classify transgenic organisms.
The reason for this is because transgenic organisms
A
are hybrids produced by mating two different species together
B
have the genes from a different species put into their genome
C
are clones of the original species
D
can produce designer milk
TOTAL FOR HIGHER TIER PAPER: 24 MARKS
END
P40180A
17
BLANK PAGE
P40180A
18
BLANK PAGE
P40180A
19
BLANK PAGE
P40180A
20