Download Midterm Review File

Psychology – Midterm Exam
1 – 10 Directions:
A – positive reinforcement
1.
Use the following terms to fill in the blanks 1-8.
B – punishment
C – negative reinforcement
Which term refers to a behavior followed by an unpleasant consequence?
2. Which term refers to a behavior followed by the loss of a pleasant consequence?
3. Which term refers to a behavior followed by a pleasant consequence?
4. Which term refers to behavior followed by the loss of an unpleasant consequence?
5. Two student computer hackers used their time in the school computer lab to the administrative network
and change their report card grades to straight A’s. When the administration traced the students, they
were not allowed to use the school computers for the rest of the year. Which operant conditioning term
applies to this consequence?
6. Two children in an elementary school started a food fight in the cafeteria. The assistant principal had
them mop the cafeteria floor for a week as a result. Which operant conditioning term applies to this
consequence?
7. A junior in high school performed on a stage for the first time in a drama production. Her performance
resulted in loud applause and a standing ovation when she came from behind the curtain to bow at
the end of her performance. Which operant conditioning term applies to this consequence?
8. A senior in high school took the SAT two extra times to try and avoid receiving a rejection letter from the
last series of universities to which he had applied. Which operant conditioning term applies to his action
in trying to avoid another rejection letter?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. In classical conditioning, at what point do the best results occur? When the conditional stimulus is
presented:
a. after the unconditional stimulus
b. at the same times as the unconditional stimulus
c. alone
d. before the unconditional stimulus
10. When a child says “Daddy” only to his father this is an example of term?
a. extinction
b. discrimination
c. generalization
d. an unconditioned response
11.
A subject responding to a second stimulus similar to the original CS this is an example of what term?
a. discrimination
b. preconditioning
c. generalization
d. taste
12. In classical conditioning, the unconditional stimulus elicits which of the following?
a. an automatic response
b. a learned response
c. a conditional stimulus
d. salivation
13. We expect life and death types of responses to be learned by which of the following?
a. modeling
b. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
d. shaping
14. Responding to a class of stimuli rather than a specific one is considered which of the following?
a. discrimination
b. generalization
c. operant conditioning
d. classical conditioning
15. What is another name for a positive reinforcer?
a. conditional stimulus
b. reward
c. punishment
d. extinction
16. Giving money to a person for completing a job is a good example of what type learning tool?
a. an unconditioned stimulus
b. a positive reinforcement
c. a conditioned reinforcement
d. an unconditioned response
17. If we wished to train a dog to fetch a paper what type of learning should be used?
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. modeling
d. PSI
18. Normally we do not perceive the dark gap between each frame of a movie film. This is due to what type of
phenomenon?
a. short-term memory
c. selective attention
b. long-term memory
d. sensory storage
19. Which of the following is a type of memory retrieval that requires the reconstruction of learned material?
a. recognition
c. recall
b. recombination
d. reproduction
20. Which of the following terms refers to the ability to identify the name of an old classmate in a newspaper
article?
a. recall
c. confabulation
b. recognition
d. eidetic
21. What is another term for “photographic memory?”
a. confabulation
b. eidetic ability
c. recall
d. mnemonic device
22. Interference refers to which of the following?
a. fading away of a memory over time.
b. Intentional blocking of an unpleasant experience.
c. Inability to retain two simultaneous inputs.
d. Blocking of a memory by previous or subsequent memories.
23. If you have trouble remembering your old phone number because you now recall only your new number,
you are most likely exhibiting what type of issue?
a. proactive interference
c. decay
b. retroactive interference
d. interaction
24. Which of the following best describes a mnemonic devise?
a. machine used to measure sensory storage.
b. Model used to demonstrate the molecular theory of long-term memory.
c. Problem solving strategy involving nondirected thinking.
d. Strategy devised to improve one’s memory.
For #25-27 Mark “A” for true and
25. Short-term memory can hold about seven unrelated items.
“B” for false.
26. A child is more likely to have an eidetic memory than an adult.
27. In order to learn well, it is wise to try to absorb large amounts of information in one study session.
28. Who developed the idea of the id, ego, and superego?
a. Freud
b. Bandura
c. Skinner
d. Maslow
29. Which of the following is considered the reservoir of urges?
a. Id
c. Superego
b. Ego
d. all contain urges
30. Which of the following protect humans from acting on their urges?
a. Id
c. Superego
b. Ego
d. collective unconscious
31. Which of the following contains a human’s conscious personality?
a. Id
c. Superego
b. Ego
d. morality consciousness
32. Which of the following best describes a defense mechanism?
a. A defense to protect one from insults.
b. A measure used to defend perceived failures.
c. A machine to measure blood pressure during a stressful situation.
d. All of the above
33. When a person hits their dog because he or she is angry with their mother, they are displaying which of the
following?
a. Repression
b. Depression
c. Displacement
d. Projection
34. When a person displays an opposite feeling when they are under anxiety, they are displaying which of the
following?
a. Projection
b. Depression
c. Regression
d. Reaction formation
35. When a person takes feelings from within and places them onto others they are displaying which of the
following?
a. Projection
b. Depression
c. Regression
d. Reaction formation
36. When a teenager sucks their thumb when they are feeling anxiety, they are displaying which of the
following?
a. Projection
b. Depression
c. Regression
d. Reaction formation
37. When a person continually tries to cover up and avoid feelings of inadequacy and failures they are thought
to have which of the following?
a. Low transgression
b. Inferiority complex
c. Multiple personality
d. Acute depression
38. Which of the following is known for their dealings with Behaviorism?
a. Freud
c. Adler
b. Skinner
d. Jung
39. Behaviorism deals with which of the following?
a. Subconscious urges and disurges
b. Observable behaviors
c. Unconscious behaviors
d. Subliminal behaviors
40. Maslow’s theory of personality dealt extensively with which of the following?
a. Introverts and extroverts
b. Subconscious behaviors
c. Self-actualization
d. Subconscious urges and disurges
41. Which theory deals with the utilization of talents and potential?
a. Introverts
b. Extroverts
c. Self-actualization
d. Disurges
42. Which of the following terms refer to a person as “outgoing and social”?
a. Socialite
b. Extrovert
c. Introvert
d. None of the above
43. Which of the following refers to a person as thoughtful, passive, quite?
a. Socialite
b. Repressive
c. Extrovert
d. Introvert
Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
b
b
a
c
b
b
a
c
d
b
c
a
a
b
b
b
b
c
c
b
b
d
a
d
a
a
b
a
a
b
c
b
c
d
a
c
b
b
b
d
d
b
d