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Period
Date
Name
SECTION
CHROMOSOMES
'1.1
KE\'
I Study
Period
Section 7.1 STUDY GUIDE CONTINUED
Guide
Fill in the Punnett square below to show the pattern of inheritance for sex chromosomes,
C;:ONCEPT
VOCABULARY
The chromosomes
on which genes are located can affect
the .ixpresslcn or' traits.
Sex Chromosome.lnheritance
carrier
sex-iinkeq
gene
x
X
xx,
y:y:
~y
,/-Y
X chromosome inactivation
MA!N.IDEA:
Dale
AND PHENOTYPE
Two copies of each autosomal
x
gene affect phenotype.
1. What are sex chromosomes?
an
c.:-h(omos-O('(le:~ ..rhctf de+eff)'lin!..
Se.,c
Or'CltlnisrYI'S
y
o
2. What are autosornes?
cut
3.
.
How
do
b..f'hB-r Ch(OmoS~me.J;
rI\)\-
is a carrier different from a person who has a genetic disorder?
co..u·ier.
co..('1
dues
~
nOT-
s';)mfO~
-h:> oFfspr~nJ
Shl)..0
dcsortier
fCtSS
o.f(~a OJ)
ctl(e&I'1
orso.nism~ sex
or- d.IS.y-c.i~r
5. In humans, how does a gamete from a male determine the sex of offspring?
kmc..(1Z.- can 0.'1\'1
Cln )( ch •..
o{),\C>.5~m.e..
ptx.s.s
6. For what are genes on the Y chromosome
mC\.le
Complete the two Punnett squares below to compare autosomal recessive disorders with
autosomal dominant disorders, Fill in the possible genotypes for offspring, and write in the
phenotype (no disorder.icarrier, or disorder) for each,
Autosomal
Autosomal Dominant
I
1:>b
no d,;$wdt'r
d I
bo
Dd
Ct)..o'ier
o
dO,
d
cJ,.'so./oQr
Co-ri,er '
Db
"i16or.;:let'
Dd
dcscrdu
\ov.fr
I
e i...",'"
0-- (YIc;..Ie.
.
)C o/'
y
responsible?
(?I'1e11c±;Jec.s
S\-'oW ~
p'ner"l0NPt!5
(e ~cee+-
~fY\
CLt(
5el'-linl(eci
{;;,/. -,.c chn.must:¥Y1e.
tj/?f1t.s
Vocabulary
'i'no..c..hVA-hu...
Check
females can differ in sex-linked
~s~vdU
A
dcJ
CCVri-f!,
\
S
&...
eaSY)
9. What is X chromosome inactivation?
Xn
6ne.
~r'Y'C.(es,
whD
o.\le'.e,
'e -tYtlt'1S(X={13"
'to -t"her('
t7-...
oGsea.5C' -
offsp'h"-
of ..f-i-)e. ~ vc;<
~o
~
(CLJS"~)
§
.)"§,
C.hI"OI'l1CiS~mCS
truits.
e\je/~
Ce.lI
lo[o..;reci
s
~
~
IS ('and.om~
(1vme.d. off;'
~
8
4. What are sex' linked genes?
yere.s
)
~
8. The verb carry means "to transport." How is the everyday meaning of carry related to
the meaning of the term carrier in genetics?
III
Males-and
?.t;:I"Y1<;...te.s
d
i
MAUN IDEA:
CCl>'1
c-ht'O(\1o~me.J
Ch c<rttc...teriStic. 5
e)<-l'1~~
o
d
0\'1
7. How are sex-linked genes expressed differently in the phenotypes of males and females?
Mates
Recessive
0
o
e~-.)n
A
Ioc./f-'
~
on Sc~ Chl'OmoSOt'Yle.J
g
j
I·
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ExtenLingMendelian Genetics
Study 3uide Book . ,
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Study Guide 65
66 Study Guide
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ExtendingMendelian Genetics
Study Guide BOOk
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Perloti
Name
Date
Section 7,2 STUDY GUIDE CONTINUED
COMPLEX PATIEANS OF INH~AITANCE
stCT10N
7.2
Period
Study Guide
MAIN
IDEA:
Man)' genes may Interact
KEY CONCEPT
Phenotype Is affected
[actors.
incomplete
,.
dominance
Many qe ne s may interact
produce ono trait,
polygenic trail
\0
I
IDEAl
Phenotype
can depend on Interactions
Polygenic
o..Ht'<..
'Is. ()~-\ YI·,tAd!e.n \(\
0...
he \e'.."\:ru1t1o+<.....
Traits
vce
'PrC)
2-+
'"k1:t...i.,
•• i'.:J-
$~
CCi'1-h1'lVOvS r~L.
cf- ?I')t!~
I E-.><-:ey.~t.D\i)',:::Il.:.n COlor, h~iqht
of alleles.
I
1. How is incomplete dominance different from IIdominant and recessive relaticnsbsp?
·lnLc.~le~
-=- nei...jhil('
CU\eIL 'IS (~""""P\-l.tc:.\...,
cA..:>m·)""-.nr
-<l O('\~
one trlit.
VOCABULARY
by many different
coocmmance
MAIN
to produce
Use the chart below to take notes on polygenic traits nnd epistau s
Epistasis
I ~ne..
I C>\her8C'·)es.
t'hL
affic.·:t"5
'in.vOlvul
If)
e'R>l1?ssi';)l'\
~
f
__
cf.--
o...plV1\l.. •.A{.Ir-kClir
F-)<"~Q.\b,f"'t\!>rt"\
p'r---(:.r""'IO'1-1Pc. ,:5 b€.~,_...H'~n ~e..
h()("roo'Z.'1t;wS"
'f*'\i!,.,"'t--jpU.
2. How is codominance different from a dominant and recessive relationship?
Cod..c~If\W\.l..e0;.. tx:xh
..q
o.(e
-pr..eno~(.>1-
o.-~ILl~S
-+h.e. reJert1Z"1'i~l<-
-prott-.JC1l
3. What is 1\ multiple-allele
c..~~}
of- ~
~ X.p(~sl~d
MAIN
IDEA:
~
'" ~"e.
~
~ll~te.'>
o
~
J
~
•
l
~
I•
j
4.
dominance
ha.s
0..
3'"
s.
cM.s~
/1vmc.Ulht~f:lh+ =-
6.
o.:;:"cJaf'ld
f\,,"';n~":"'1J h.!AI-t'MCArc.
b<>l-h
Check
10, The prefix tn- means "not"
incomplete dominance?
How IS the meanmg of rhrs PII:~fjXrelated 10 the meanmg of
is
11. The prefix co. means "together."
meaning of codominance?
CkJh'l\<.. ("~tAl PIY'\L)
7.
h="z~9"-'S
iolv.x.I
i'1 pI?-
.A, '5, A ~
k7<:>t'h
,
domi(lat1+
(.\(leIU
p4.r e n+eL-\
POh-tu-l'nic...
'~5
Studv Guide
How is the meaning ofthu
(Ue el'p'~",&
prefix related to II,e
i<>.~"+j","
12. The prefix poly. means "many," and the term genic means "related
these word parts combine to give the meaning of polyg~" c?
P ~ r>olv) ,>eJ
ExUndir.g Mendelian Genetics
Study Guide 8oc~
I:!:GJ9SmkN~
l..f·O·c..~.K~ pi«n ~
StLf"\ '\
3r<~P"<" """'II":.
h""
0..4-""'hie,,",~hL
)1~'H'h~"" C\.tt~1.(..
""""'1.4'i~j.<-
"P~(X.."i.,S
Codominance
(,'1fwt'nce...
.q ~mp.
Vocabulary
b~
__-hSl-,
Csrle.f'I/S;~Io!\ bt.,;(j ~o....\" bl~"<.)
P""f'''''lP''i')t ~r
aFkc.t- c,erK el'j?"es.sl\.Y1, c..;...VI<u,
phtr1b+-j,.,.e..
Lan
Exemple
Phenotype
Incomplete
with genotype.
9, List and explain IWOexamples of how envrroemem and genotype Can interact.
Sel' d'e-krmifla:f'i..,n
'f"" Sc&~ -N/-tre...s cJePCtl·a.s On Be'Yle.S
o.l\e~Q..)
Interaction
interacts
not the only factor that affects phenotype?
eO,il(O/\me'1r
vJi\l
f-,a.S mort:. --1hCL"
In the table below, describe how phenotypes appear in incomplete dominance and
ccdcminance.
Then sketch an example of each.
I!
The environment
B. Why is genotype
..•.hL sef"ln;vk.
trait?
0-- +r0-~1- f'>r cUh'&,
Z
CVn'\e'~~l'1
67
68
Siudy
Guide
-tYa.jt-S
-
to genes." How do
b"-'4 Z
='--I'''-'"=~L.£''il
Qf"e. ~ro('lvceJ
OrmCl/,;o
Extending Mendelian G€-.el
Study Guide 80