Download Latin III: Translation – Dei Deaeque: Iuppiter Part I

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Latin III: Translation – Dei Deaeque: Iuppiter Part I
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Primus rex deōrum Uranus erat. Filius eius, Saturnus, secundus rex deōrum erat. Uranus, ex regnō expulsus, filium
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Saturnum monuit: “Tempus auctoritatis tuae non longum erit. Tuus filius rex tertius deōrum erit. Is te ex regnō expellet.”
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Territus hīs verbīs Saturnus omnes filios et filias in ordine devorāre constituit. Uxor et soror eius, Ops, iratissima erat, nam
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ea filios et filias amabat. Ea infantem sextum servavit, cuius nomen Iuppiter fuit. Missus ad insulam Cretam, Iuppiter
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crescebat. Post paucos annos ad Saturnum redivit et eum ex regnō expulsit. Iuppiter eius fratres et sorores servavit,
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quōrum nomina Neptunus, Pluto, Iuno, Ceres, Vesta erant. Servati āb Iove, dei deaque in Monte Olympō habitaverunt.
Notes
1 eius – his (possessive); gen. sg. of is, ea, id, here acting in the masculine
2 te – you; acc. sg.
3 hīs verbīs – by these words; passive verbs often are accompanied by an ablative phrase telling you by whom/what. This example is
an Ablative of Means, telling you by what Saturn was terrified.
3 in ordine – in a row; when each child was born, Saturn would immediately consume them. As they were immortal gods, they could
not die, but continued to live on inside his stomach.
3 iratissima – very angry; superlative form of iratus, -a, -um
3 ea – she; nom. sg. fem. of is, ea, id
4 cuius – whose; gen. sg. of qui, quae, quod
5 eum – him; acc. sg. masc. of is, ea, id
5 quōrum – whose; gen. pl. of qui, quae, quod
6 āb Iove – by Jupiter (Jove); abl. sg. of Jupiter; Jove is another name for Jupiter (a contraction of Jovis Pater “Father Jove”)
Glossary
annus, anni (m.) – year
auctoritas, auctoritatis – authority, power
constituo, constituere, constituti, constitutus – to decide
cresco, crescere, crevi, cretus – to grow up, to grow
Creta, Cretae (f.) – Crete (an island in the Mediterranean)
devoro, devorāre, devoravi, devoratus – to devour, to
consume
expello, expellere, expulsi, expulsus – to drive out, to expel
filia, filiae (f.) – daughter
filius, filii (m.) – son
frater, fratris (m.) – brother
infans, infantis (m./f.) – infant, child
iratus, -a, -um – angry
Iuno, Iunonis (f.) – Juno (Greek Hera)
Iuppiter, Iovis (m.) – Jupiter (Greek Zeus)
longus, -a, -um – long
moneo, monēre, monui, monitus – to warn
mons, montis (m.) – mountain
nam – for (in the sense of because)
nomen, nominis (n.) – name
Neptunus, Neptuni (m.) – Neptune (Greek Poseidon)
Ops, Opis (f.) – Ops (Greek Rhea)
ordo, ordinis (n.) – row, rank, order
pauci, paucae, pauca – a few
post – after
primus, -a, -um – first
reddo, reddere, redivi, redditus – to return, to go back
regnum, regni (n.) – rule, kingdom, power, control
rex, regis (m.) – king
Saturnus, Saturni (m.) – Saturn (Greek Cronus)
secundus, -a, -um – second
servo, servāre, servavi, servatus – to save
sextus, -a, -um – sixth
soror, sororis (f.) – sister
tempus, temporis (n.) – time
terreo, terrēre, terrui, territus – to terrify, to frighten
tertius, -a, -um – third
Uranus, Urani (m.) – Uranus
verbum, verbi (n.) – word
Vesta, Vestae (f.) – Vesta (Greek Hestia)
New Grammar Concept – Perfect Passive Participles
We’re already familiar with memorizing four principal parts of every verb. Two of those principal parts have special
names, functions, and translations. We previously learned that the 2nd Principal Part of every verb is called the infinitive.
Today we learn that the 4th Principal Part of most verbs is called the Perfect Passive Participle. The easiest and best way
to translate the PPP is “having been verb-ed”. There is no person or number to the PPP, so there is no reference to a he,
she, it, we, y’all, or they.
Formation of the PPP
We memorize all the principal parts of a verb in order to help us recognize the PPP when we see it in a sentence.
Typically the PPP is formed by adding –tus or –sus to the stem of the 2nd PP of the verb. Let’s look:
amāre –re = amā
amā + tus = amatus “having been loved”
munīre – re = munī
munī + tus = munitus “having been fortified”
dicere – ere = dic
dic + tus = dictus “having been said”
mittere – ere = mitt
mitt + sus = missus “having been sent”
What is a participle?
A participle is an adjective made from a verb. We’re familiar with adjectives being words that describe nouns, like big,
great, red, small, fast, slow, etc. In English and in Latin we can use verbs to describe nouns, too: the running man, the
flying kite, the swimming fish, the rolling ball. In each case we have taken a verb (to run, to fly, to swim, to roll) and used
it to describe, or modify, a noun. There are several different participles in English, just like Latin has several participles.
We’ll learn all of them in time, but for now we’ll stick with the most common one: the Perfect Passive Participle.
How does it function in a Latin sentence?
The PPP works just like an adjective! Remember how we’ve talked about how the 4th PP can be written with a –um or
with a –us? That’s because they’re both correct. In fact, to be even more accurate, we could write the principal parts like
this:
amo, amāre, amavi, amatus –a –um Let’s look more closely. What does this look like: amatus, -a, -um? Like an
adjective, like magnus, -a, -um! Because it is an adjective that uses adjective endings! What declension(s) is it? ________
Find all four Perfect Passive Participles in the passage above, write them here, and translate them:
Line Number
Perfect Passive Participle
Translation
Review Grammar
Find the Ablative of Place Where and write it here:
Line Number
Ablative of Place Where
Translation
Find the infinitive and write it here:
Line Number
Infinitive
Translation
Pre-translating Questions
Parse the verbs and nouns below to help guide your thinking and translating.
Line
Verb
1
erat
2
monuit
2
erit
2
expellet
3
constituit
3
erat
4
amabat
4
servavit
4
fuit
4
crescebat
5
redivit
5
expulsit
6
habitaverunt
Person
Number
Tense
Translation
Nota bene: there is only one correct answer for each below. Look at the sentence to help you identify the answer.
Line
Noun (or noun phrase)
1
deōrum
1
Filius
1
filium
2
auctoritatis tuae
3
omnes filios et filias
4
infantem sextum
5
Saturnum
Case
Number
Translation
Translation:
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