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Biology 11 Chapter 15: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Prentice Hall Text Reading pages 369-386 Complete the following questions in the space provided. There is no need for full sentences. 15-1 The Puzzle of Life’s Diversity 1. Scientists propose theories all the time in order to explain how the world around us works. (pg. 369) a. Is a theory the “truth”? __________ b. Explain. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 2. Once a theory has been proven, does it exist for all time? Explain your answer. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 3. Who is considered to be the most influential thinker on evolutionary theory? ______________________________________________________ 4. About Charles Darwin: a. Explain briefly who he was, born when, where, nationality etc. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ b. What was his area of study? _____________________________________________________ c. What was Darwin’s job on the Beagle and where did the ship sail? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 5. Darwin’s Observations pg. 370 to 371 (briefly describe each of the ideas that Darwin investigated while on his journey with the Beagle and its crew): a. Patterns of Diversity: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ b. Living Organisms and Fossils: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ c. The Galapagos Islands: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ d. The Journey Home, what did Darwin ultimately wonder by the end of his journey? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 15-2 Ideas that Shaped Darwins Thinking 1. Construct a brief timeline of the scientists, dates and their contributions towards shaping Darwin’s thinkins 2. State Lamarck’s Evolution Hypothesis. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 3. Describe the details of Lamarck’s supporting evidence. (pg. 376) a. Tendency Toward Perfection: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ b. Use and Disuse: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ c. Inheritance of Acquired Traits: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ d. Based on your own knowledge, do you agree or disagree with Lamarck’s theory, give at least two reasons to support your answer. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 4. Summarize Thomas Malthus’ thoughts on Population growth and explain, how his work influenced Darwin. (pg. 377) ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 15-3 Darwin Presents His Case 1. What was the name of the book he published and what year was it published? ___________________________________________ 2. Read pgs. 380-382 and define the terms related to the concept of Evolution by Natural Selection. a. Struggle for existence: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ b. Fitness: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ c. Adaptation: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ d. Survival of the fittest: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ e. Natural Selection: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ f. Descent with modification: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ g. Common descent: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Evidence for Evolution: briefly describe the 4 pieces of evidence used by Darwin to support his theory of evolution. 3. The fossil record: ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 4. Geographic Distribution of Living Species: ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 5. Homologous structures: ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 6. Similarities in Embryology: ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection. 1. List the five distinct parts of Darwin’s theory and briefly explain each one. a. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ b. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ c. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ d. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ e. _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________