Download Unit 14 Social Reading Guide 2016

AP Psychology
Unit 14
Social Psychology
Reading Guide
NAME___________________________ BLOCK______
DUE DATE ____________________________________
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As you read each module, complete the packet.
NAME__________________________
Module 74: Attribution, Attitudes, and Actions (pg. 753-761)
 Social Psychologists:

Attribution Theory:
o Explain the difference between dispositional attribution and situational
attribution. Use examples in your answer.

Fundamental Attribution Error:
o Example:

What cultures do not make the fundamental attribution error as much?

Attitudes:

Give an example of how your attitude effects your actions.

Peripheral route persuasion:
o Example:
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
Central route persuasion:
o Example:

Which route to persuasion is most durable and likely to influence behavior?

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon:
o Example:

Door-in-the face phenomenon (from class)
o Example:

How does playing a role affect your attitudes?

Summarize Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment.

Explain how good people can do bad things.
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
Leon Festinger’s Cognitive Dissonance Theory:
o Example from your own life:
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
Module 75: Conformity and Obedience (pg. 762-770)

Explain the chameleon effect and give an example.

Why does automatic mimicry occur?

Conformity:

Summarize Asch’s Conformity Experiments.
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
List 7 reasons that make people more likely to conform.

Normative Social Influence:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
o Example:

Informative Social Influence:
o Example:

Summarize Milgram’s Obedience Experiments.
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
What would you have done as a subject in the Milgram study and why? Be honest!

What four factors led to the highest obedience rates?
1.
2.
3.
4.

Describe how the foot-in-the-door phenomenon explains Milgram’s results.
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
Module 76: Group Behavior (pg. 771-779)

Social Facilitation:

How does social facilitation explain the Home Team Advantage?

Social Loafing:
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
What 3 things cause social loafing?
1.
2.
3.

Describe a time when you were involved as the perpetrator or victim of social
loafing.

Deindividuation:
o Example:

Group Polarization:
o Example:

What are some good and bad effects of group polarization?

Groupthink:
o Example:
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
What is the difference between social control and personal control?

What is minority influence?

Norms:
o Example of a Bullis norm:
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
Module 77: Prejudice and Discrimination (p. 780-788)

Prejudice:

Prejudice is a 3 part mixture of:

Ethnocentrism:

Discrimination:

Give an example of how subtle prejudice lingers even though overt prejudice might
be gone.
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
Read the “close-up” on Automatic Prejudice (pg. 782). Take the test “Project
Implicit: Social Attitudes” at www.implicit.harvard.edu). Which test did you take?
Write down what your learned about your implicit prejudices after seeing the results.
Please be honest—I won’t share this with anyone. Remember: we ALL pre-judge
others. It’s how we act on those prejudices that counts.

Just-world phenomenon:
o Example:
o How does Hindsight Bias play a part in this phenomenon?

Ingroup:
o Example:

Outgroup:
o Example:

What effects does Ingroup Bias have upon our social relations?

Scapegoat Theory:
o Example:
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
How do our natural cognitive functions contribute to stereotyping?

Other-race effect:
At what age does the other race effect emerge?

Hindsight bias (look up definition if have to):
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
Module 78: Aggression (pg. 789-797)

Aggression:

What are the 3 levels of biology involved in aggression?

What parts of the brain are involved in human aggression?

What hormone influences aggression?

How does alcohol influence aggression?

How do aversive events trigger aggression?
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
Frustration-aggression principle:
o Example:
List common unpleasant stimuli that can cause aggression.

Social scripts:
o Example:

Explain the social script example of the rape myth.

After reading about violent video games, what do you believe—do violent video
games cause teenagers to become more violent? Why or why not?
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
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Module 79: Attraction (pg. 798-806)
 Mere Exposure Effect:

List and describe the three ingredients for attraction.
1.
2.
3.

Explain how physical symmetry of the face and body relate to attractiveness.

How is a woman’s attractiveness judged differently from a man’s attractiveness?

What does the reward theory of attraction say?

What is a key ingredient in Passionate Love?

How and why does passionate love turn into Companionate Love?

How does Equity lead to a gratifying and enduring relationship?
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
How does Self-disclosure also contribute to loving relationships?
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
Module 80: Altruism, Conflict, and Peacemaking (pg. 807-816)

Altruism:

Explain what happened to Kitty Genovese. Why was the public so outraged?

How do Darley and Latane explain the Bystander Effect that occurs when people
witness a crisis?

How does the Social Exchange Theory and social norms explain why we help
others?

Conflict:
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
Social Traps: *also called game theory or prisoners dilemma
o Example

Self-fulfilling prophecy:
o Example:

Describe Muzar Sherif’s Camp Experiment on using superordinate goals to resolve
conflict.
NOTES: add questions you want ask in class about this module.
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Unit 14 Objectives
Mod 74: Attribution, Attitudes, and Actions
1. Identify what social psychologists study, and discuss how we tend to explain
others’ behavior and our own.
2. Explain whether what we think affects what we do, and whether what we do
affects what we think.
Mod 75: Conformity and Obedience
1. Describe automatic mimicry, and explain how conformity experiments reveal
the power of social influence from Milgram’s obedience experiments
Mod 76: Group Behavior
1. Describe how our behavior is affected by the presence of others.
2. Explain group polarization and groupthink, and discuss the power of the
individual.
3. Describe how behavior is influenced by cultural norms.
Mod 77: Prejudice and Discrimination
1. Define prejudice, and identify its social and emotional roots.
2. Identify the cognitive roots of prejudice.
Mod 78: Aggression
1. Explain how psychology’s definition of aggression differs from everyday
usage, and identify the biological factors that make us prone to hurt one
another.
2. Outline psychological and social-cultural triggers of aggression.
Mod 79: Attraction
1. Explain why we befriend of fall in love with some people but not others.
2. Explain how romantic love typically changes as time passes.
Mod 80: Altruism, Conflict and Peacemaking
1. Identify times when people are most—and least—likely to help.
2. Discuss how social exchange theory and social norms explain helping
behavior.
3. Explain how social traps and mirror-image perceptions fuel social conflict.
4. Discuss how we can transform feelings of prejudice, aggression, and conflict
into attitudes that promote peace.
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Know these vocabulary!
1. Attribution Theory
2. Fundamental Attribution Error
3. Central Route to Persuasion
4. Peripheral Route to Persuasion
5. Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon
6. Door-in-the-Face Phenomenon
7. Role-Playing
8. Cognitive Dissonance Theory
9. Justification of Effort
10. Chameleon Effect
11. Conformity
12. Asch Effect
13. Social Norms
14. Normative Social Influence
15. Informational Social Influence
16. Social Loafing
17. Social Facilitation
18. Yerkes-Dodson Arousal Theory
19. Deindividuation
20. Group Polarization
21. Groupthink
22. Prejudice (explicit and implicit)
23. Stereotype
24. Discrimination
25. Ingroups & Outgroups
26. Ingroup Bias
27. Scapegoat Theory
28. Other Race Effect
29. Just World Phenomenon
30. Frustration-Aggression Principle
31. Social Scripts
32. Attraction (include 4 main factors)
33. Mere Exposure Effect
34. Reward theory of Attraction
35. Altruism
36. Bystander Effect
37. Social Exchange Theory
38. Reciprocity Norm
39. Diffusion of Responsibility
40. Superordinate goals
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