Download Chapter 10 Test A

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Chapter 10 Test A
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. This scientist published a detailed atomic theory in 1808 based on evidence he gathered through experiments
with gases. His atomic theory laid the groundwork for later atomic models.
a. James Chadwick
b. John Dalton
c. Ernest Rutherford
d. J. J. Thomson
2. One kind of particle that makes up the atom and carries a positive charge is a(n):
a. electron
b. proton
c. neutron
d. plasma
3. Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass are called:
a. prototypes.
b. isomers.
c. isotopes.
d. ions.
4. The atomic number is the:
a. number of electrons plus the number of protons.
b. number of neutrons plus the number of protons.
c. number of protons in the nucleus.
d. the average number of neutrons and protons for all naturally-occurring isotopes.
5. Compared to protons, electrons have:
a. much smaller mass and opposite charge.
b. about the same mass and opposite charge.
c. much larger mass and the same charge.
d. much larger mass and opposite charge.
6. The electric charge of an atom with the same number of protons and electrons is:
a. equal to the number of protons multiplied by the charge on one proton.
b. equal to the number of electrons multiplied by the charge on one electron.
c. equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
d. zero.
7. The force that holds neutrons and protons together in the nucleus is known as:
a. the electromagnetic force.
b. gravity.
c. the strong nuclear force.
d. the weak nuclear force.
8. Protons and neutrons are found grouped together in the:
a. electron cloud.
b. charge.
c. nucleus.
d. periodic table.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
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9. Electrons are bound to the nucleus by:
a. the electromagnetic force.
b. gravity.
c. the strong nuclear force.
d. the weak nuclear force.
____ 10. This scientist led a series of experiments that used high-speed positively-charged helium atoms to bombard
very thin pieces of gold foil. Some of the helium atoms went straight through the foil, but a few bounced
back. He used this information to hypothesize that an atom must be made of a tiny dense nucleus surrounded
by a region of mostly empty space.
a. James Chadwick
b. John Dalton
c. Ernest Rutherford
d. J.J. Thomson
____ 11. A common isotope of iron-56 has an atomic number of 26. The total number of subatomic particles in the
nucleus is:
a. 26.
b. 30.
c. 56.
d. 82.
____ 12. The atoms diagramed below that represent the same element are:
a. A and B.
b. B and C.
c. A and C.
d. None of the above.
____ 13. Which of the following is a TRUE statement about atoms?
a. All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
b. Atoms of different elements may have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
c. All atoms of the same element have the same number of electrons and protons but may
have different numbers of neutrons.
d. The number of neutrons is equal to the number of protons.
____ 14. Which of the following statements about two isotopes of the same element is FALSE?
a. The number of neutrons may be different between the two isotopes.
b. One isotope might be radioactive while the other isotope might be stable.
c. One isotope might have a larger mass than another isotope.
d. The number of protons might be different between the two isotopes.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 15. The element chlorine has two stable isotopes, Cl35 and Cl37. About 3 of every 4 chlorine atoms found on Earth
are Cl35, and the remainder are Cl37. The average atomic mass of chlorine is closest to ____ amu.
a. 35.0
b. 35.5
c. 36.0
d. 36.5
____ 16. A quanta is best described as:
a. the smallest possible quantity of something.
b. a quantity of mass equal to one atom.
c. a particle of antimatter that releases enormous energy when it meets normal matter.
d. the result of adding one neutron, one proton, and one electron.
____ 17. A group of students use a spectrometer to analyze three light sources. Different bright, vertical lines appear on
the spectrometer scale as the light from each source enters the spectrometer. Each light source shows a
different spectral pattern because:
a. all three light sources contain the same elements.
b. there are different elements in each light source.
c. there are no elements associated with these light sources.
d. all elements have the same spectral pattern.
____ 18. Heisenburg’s uncertainty principle tells us that:
a. the act of observing in the quantum world changes the very system you are trying to
measure.
b. we are always uncertain about the future of a particle.
c. atoms cannot exist with 100% probability.
d. quantum theory only applies to single atoms.
____ 19. When an unstable isotope undergoes alpha decay, it is gives off:
a. an electron.
b. two protons and two neutrons.
c. high energy electromagnetic radiation.
d. a hydrogen atom.
____ 20. The half-life is best described as the time it takes for:
a. an atom to rotate halfway around.
b. 50 percent of a radioactive element to decay into something else.
c. each atom of a radioactive element to decay halfway.
d. a nuclear fission reaction to split a nucleus in half.
____ 21. A way of organizing the elements based on their chemical properties is the:
a. energy level.
b. periodic table.
c. nucleus.
d. isotope.
____ 22. A nuclear chain reaction can occur when:
a. one atom of uranium hits another atom of uranium and causes it to split apart.
b. fusion reactions produce helium.
c. an isotope gives off alpha decay.
d. a fission reaction releases enough neutrons to trigger more fission reactions.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 23. The periodic table notation for silicon (Si ) is shown below.
An atom of silicon has how many electrons?
a. 14
b. 7
c. 28
d. Cannot be determined with the information given.
____ 24. Bromine-82 is used as a tracer for organic materials in environmental studies. Its half-life is 36 hours. If you
start out with 10 grams of Br-82, how long will it take for there to be 5 grams of Br-82 remaining?
a. 10 hours
b. 18 hours
c. 36 hours
d. 52 hours
____ 25. Which type of radioactivity leaves the atomic number unchanged?
a. Alpha decay
b. Beta decay
c. Gamma decay
d. Fission
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Figure 10-2A
____ 26. Using Figure 10-2A as a reference, which of the following nuclear reactions is an example of a fusion
reaction?
a. helium-4 and carbon-12
b. uranium-235 and strontium-135
c. radium-228 and actinium-228
d. radon-220 and polonium-216
____ 27. Using Figure 10-2A as a reference, which of the following is an example of a fission reaction?
a. helium-4 and carbon-12
b. carbon-12 and carbon-12
c. radium-228 and actinium-228
d. carbon-12 and magnesium-24
The periodic table notation for carbon-13 (C 13) is shown below.
Figure 10-1
____ 28. Referring to Figure 10-1, how many protons, electrons, and neutrons does carbon-13 have?
a. 6 protons, 7 electrons, 13 neutrons
b. 6 protons, 6 electrons, 7 neutrons
c. 7 protons, 6 electrons, 13 neutrons
d. 7 protons, 7 electrons, 13 neutrons
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 29. Referring to Figure 10-1, what is the mass number for carbon-13?
a. 6
b. 7
c. 12
d. 13
____ 30. An amount of sodium-25 decreases to one-fourth its original amount in 2 minutes. What is the half-life of this
radioisotope?
a. 4 minutes
b. 2 minutes
c. 1 minute
d. 30 seconds
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