Download STUDY GUIDE – LIFE SCIENCE – Life Processes, Cells, Kingdoms

STUDY GUIDE – LIFE SCIENCE – Life Processes, Cells, Kingdoms, Body Systems, & Food Chains
(A8-13) - (A17-20) - (A118-122) - (A128) - ( p. 45 in the back of the book)
How are living and nonliving things
different? (p. A8)
What are the SEVEN life processes?
(See SCIENCE LINKS video,
SEVEN LIFE PROCESSES
PAGE 1
All living things carry out the seven life processes or activities
of life.
MRS. GREN
1. Movement
2. Respiration
3. Sensitivity - Respond to change
migrate, grow fur, shed,
4.
5.
6.
7.
Growth - baby to adult
Reproduce – make more of a species
Excretion - Get rid of wastes
Nutrition
What is the respiratory system?
(p. 45)
A group of organs that take in oxygen through the nose.
It carries oxygen to the cells.
It removes CO2 through the mouth.
What is the excretory system?
A group of organs that get rid of cell wastes.
How are wastes, extra water, and CO2 1. Kidneys remove wastes.
released from the body?
2. Sweat removes other wastes & cools the body.
3. CO2 is exhaled from lungs.
What is the nervous system?
A system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
What is a nerve cell?
A cell that receives and sends messages throughout the body.
How fast does a nerve cell send a
signal to the brain?
Up to 200 mph
What are producers? (A118-122)
Organisms that make their own food using photosynthesis.
Ex. plants, trees…
What is photosynthesis?
Process that takes in the sun’s energy, Co2, and water
to make sugar for food.
Ex. leaves
What are scavengers?
What are decomposers?
Organisms that consume recently dead organisms.
Organisms that break down dead organisms
which are returned to the soil as nutrients.
Ex. bacteria, fungi (mushrooms)
What is an example of a food chain?
Jaguars eat kinkajous, which eat termites, which eat
plants.
STUDY GUIDE – LIFE SCIENCE – Life Processes, Cells, Kingdoms, Body Systems, & Food Chains
(A8-13) - (A17-20) - (A118-122) - (A128) - ( p. 45 in the back of the book)
What would happen if there were a
decline in jaguars?
PAGE 2
There would be more kinkajous.
More would compete for food.
There would not be enough food for the kinkajous.
They would decline, too.
What would happen if the number of
termites decreased?
There would not be enough food for the kinkajous. Their
numbers would decrease.
What happens when a species is
removed from the food chain?
Usually, there are fewer species.
What would happen if a species had all
the right conditions for survival (food,
water, shelter..)?
The species would increase.
What are bacteria? (moneran)
Tiny, one-celled organisms (UNICELLULAR)
They can be seen under a microscope.
What is a virus?
(p. A10)
A particle that can only reproduce inside a living cell.
How does a virus reproduce?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Virus attacks a cell.
It makes more viruses.
The cell fills with viruses.
The cell bursts.
What are some examples of viruses?
Flu and a cold
Is a virus a living or nonliving thing?
Nonliving - It does not carry out all seven life processes.
Are bacteria more helpful or harmful?
Most bacteria are helpful.
Is bacteria a living or nonliving thing?
Living - It carries out all seven-life processes.
What is a cell?
It is the basic or smallest unit of life.
What is a UNICELLULAR
(one-celled) organism?
An organism that carries out all SEVEN life processes.
STUDY GUIDE – LIFE SCIENCE – Life Processes, Cells, Kingdoms, Body Systems, & Food Chains
(A8-13) - (A17-20) - (A118-122) - (A128) - ( p. 45 in the back of the book)
PAGE 3
What are examples of one-celled or
unicellular organisms?
Ameba
What are many-celled organisms?
They have different cells carry out all seven life processes.
What are examples of many-celled
organisms?
Jellyfish, lion, human
bacteria
(You can see them without a microscope.)
What cell parts do plant cells and
animal cells have in common?
What is cytoplasm?
It is jelly-like and is where the cell’s activities are carried out.
What is a nucleus?
It is like a brain and controls all the cell’s activities.
What is a cell membrane?
It controls what enters and leaves the cell. (fence)
What cell parts does a plant cell
have that an animal cell does not?
1. Cell wall
2. Chloroplasts
(green structures)
What is a cell wall?
It is a stiff structure that gives the plant cell its shape.
What are chloroplasts?
They give the plant its green color.
What is a kingdom?
It is the largest group into which an organism is classified.
What are the five kingdoms?
monerans (bacteria) – protists – fungi (decomposers)– plants - animals
What is a genus?
a group of similar species
Ex. Lion and tiger – Both are cats that roar.
What is a species?
only one kind of animal – Ex. lion
STUDY GUIDE – LIFE SCIENCE – Life Processes, Cells, Kingdoms, Body Systems, & Food Chains
(A8-13) - (A17-20) - (A118-122) - (A128) - ( p. 45 in the back of the book)
PAGE 4
Who was Carolus Linnaeus?
He created the genus/species classification of living things.
What are monerans?
Bacteria
1. one celled or unicellular
What are protists?
(Most are one celled – unicellular)
Some make their own food
(blue-green algae)
Some get their own food – (ameba)
What are fungi?
Mold, mildew, mushrooms, and yeast
Parasites – They absorb nutrients from other organisms.
What is mold?
It is found on fruit and bread.)
Threadlike structures feed on fruit.
What is mildew?
Single celled (UNICELLULAR)
They are parasites that harm leaves.
What are mushrooms?
Decomposers that break down dead organisms
What is a parasite?
Living organism that absorbs food
and harms a living organism.
What is a host?
The living organism that is harmed by the parasite.
What are invertebrates?
Animals without backbones. (sponge, octopus, squid…)
What are vertebrates?
Animals with backbones (humans, dogs…)