Download 1.Which of the following best describes the relationship

1.Which of the following best describes the relationship between the Romans and the Etruscans?
Answer: Rome was culturally influenced by the Etruscans and conquered them in the 3rd century BCE.
2. How was the Etruscan form of government different from the surrounding Italics?
Answer: The Etruscans had a state system, while the others did not.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding Etruscan religion?
Answer: The Etruscan religion had very few similarities with other religions of the time.
4. From where did Aeneas flee, according to the Aeneid?
Answer: Troy.
5. Why is the image of the she-wolf so iconic in Roman history?
Answer: The she-wolf nursed the twin brothers Romulus and Remus, the former of whom would found
Rome.
6. Which of the following statements best describes the connection between the Aeneid and the myth of
Romulus and Remus?
Answer: The Aeneid describe how Romulus' and Remus' ancestors came to Lavinium.
7. Each of the Seven Kings of Rome is credited with _____?
Answer: Tradition or building in the city landscape.
8. Which of the following kings is correctly matched with his achievement?
Answer: Romulus – establishment of voting and class structures.
9. For what reason is King Lucius Tarquinius Superbus famous?
Answer: His particular tyranny made the concept of rex taboo within Roman culture.
10. From where did the ultimate authority of the Roman senate derive?
Answer: The esteem and prestige of senators, based on custom and precedence.
11. Which of the following statements best describes how the modern Roman dictator should act during
times of crisis?
Assume absolute control to resolve the crisis, then promptly return power back to the senate.
12. Which of the following comitiae is correctly paired with its power?
Answer: Comitia centuriata – declare war.
13. Which of the following is NOT a category of Cicero’s works?
Answer: Tragic plays.
14. Why are Cicero’s works important to the study of Roman history?
Answer: They offer a vivid picture of the public and private life of the Roman governing class.
15. A new statue has been found featuring the bust of a young man, idealized in the likeness of the god,
Apollo. From which period of the Roman Republic did this bust likely originate?
Answer: The late Republic.
16. Which civilization did the Romans finish off at the end of the Samnite Wars?
Answer: The Etruscans.
17. Which of the following was the result of the Pyrrhic Wars?
Answer: All of these (Rome showed it was capable of asserting its military dominance in the
Mediterranean; Rome managed to subjugate and divide most of the Greek colonies in southern Italy; and
Rome realized Greece was incapable of defending its colonies).
18. How were the Romans finally able to defeat Hannibal in the Second Punic War?
Answer: They threatened the Carthagenian capital, which recalled Hannibal from Italy to Africa.
19. What was the main cause that Tiberius Gracchus championed against the senate?
Answer: Redressing the grievances of smallholders whose land had been taken by the government
20. How is the conflict between Marius and Sulla significant to the breakdown of the late Republic?
Answer: All of these (Their dispute constitutes a civil war and the beginning of internal warning among
the Romans; their dispute highlights a key split between the optimates and populists that would only
widen; and their dispute set the precedent for a single man acting against the Roman senate for his own
gain.
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21. Which of the following contributed to Julius Caesar’s rise?
Answer: All of these (His military successes in Britain; his early political alliance with Crassus and
Pompey; and the death of senates of Optimates such as Cato the Younger during a period of civil war.
22. Why was Julius Caesar’s crossing of the Rubicon with a legion significant?
Answer: It symbolized his entering of Roman territory under arms against the city.
23. Which of the following statements best summarizes the grievances Julius Caesar’s assassins held
against him?
Answer: Julius Caesar had accumulated too much power and was watering down the prestige of the
senate.
24. Which of the following did Caesar NOT do to reduce the power of the senate?
Answer: He granted himself a special command in Asia against the wishes of the senate.
25. With which of the following groups did the young Octavian ingratiate himself to gain political power?
Answer: All of these (His adoptive father’s legions; the senate; and the people of Rome.
26. Of the following, who was NOT a member of the Second Triumvirate?
Answer: Cicero.
27. Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes Octavian’s rise to power?
Answer: He made shrewd alliances and quickly garnered both power and the trust of the senate.
28. (Blank)
29. Why was the closing of the Gates of Janus significant during the Pax Romana?
Answer: The Gates of Janus were only closed during times of peace.
30. Which of the following was NOT done by emperors to celebrate times of peace?
Answer: All of these (Putting on lavish ceremonies and games; issuing coins with Pax on the reverse; and
commissioning literature extolling the benefits of the Pax Romana).
31. Why did Augustus have to employ propaganda to make the Pax Romana tenable to Romans?
Answers: He had to persuade Romans that prosperity through peace was better than the gains of fighting a
war.
32. Which of the following ideals is symbolized on the Ara Pacis?
Answer: Peace, prosperity, and fertility.
33. Who of the following is NOT one of the Five Good Emperors?
Answer: Augustus.
34. Although there are many reasons for Rome’s Golden Age, there is one characteristic of the first five
of the six successions during this period to which the Golden Age is often attributed. What is that
characteristic?
Answer: The conscious adoption of an emperor’s successor over inheritance.
35. Which of the following emperors is correctly paired with his achievement?
Answer: Trajan – attained the empire’s maximum territorial extent.
36. Why did Diocletian establish the Tetrarchy?
Answer: He sought to reorganize and stabilize a crumbling and overextended empire.
37. Which of the following did Diocletian do to establish the Tetrarchy?
Answer: All of these (He established new administrative centers in Nicomedia, Mediolanum, Antioch,
and Trier; he separated and enlarged the empire’s civil and military service; and he increased the state’s
expenditures and necessitated a comprehensive tax reform.
38. How was the Tetrarchy structured?
Answer: An Augustus and a subordinate Caesar in both the East and the West.
39. Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the Tetrarchy?
Answer: Each emperor had a zone of influence within the empire, but mainly within the theatre of war.
40. Which of the statements most accurately describes the change in attitudes towards Christians during
the Roman Empire?
Answer: They were persecuted under earlier emperors, but enjoyed increasing acceptance during and after
the Tetrarchy.
41. What did Constantine see at the Battle of Milvian Bridge to prompt his official conversion to
Christianity?
Answer: A cross of light above it with the Greek for “in this sign you will conquer.”
42. Why were Christians persecuted under earlier Roman emperors?
Answer: Their refusal to participate in the Imperial Cult was considered treasonous.
43. How did the Edict of Milan change the standing of Christianity in the Roman Empire?
Answer: The edict made the empire officially neutral with regard to religious worship.
44. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the collapse of the Roman Empire?
Answer: Population increased in the provinces of the empire, which made the empire less centralized.
45. Why did the eastern and western parts of the empire become increasingly divided?
Answer: All of these (Constantine moved the official capital of the empire from Rome to Constantinople;
because of the Tetrarchy, multiple emperors ruled the empire and presided over different regions; and the
West remained primarily Latin-speaking, while the East was primarily Greek-speaking.
46. Which of the following is NOT a theory for the fall of the Roman Empire?
Answer: Environmental catastrophe.