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Transcript
Name ___________________________________________ Protein Synthesis Review BIG PICTURE - What are genes? - What is mRNA? - What are amino acids? How are amino acids made? - What are proteins? What do proteins do? -What are traits? - How do Genes become Traits? ANSWERS Transcription Purpose: to copy the information in a gene into single stranded mRNA Translation Purpose: to turn the information contained in an mRNA molecule into a protein Location: Nucleus Location: Ribosome Molecules Involved: mRNA, DNA, Helicase, RNA Polymerase Molecules Involved: mRNA, tRNA, Amino Acids, Protein Chain, rRNA, ribosome Protein Chain Amino Acid mRNA Ribosome DNA RNA Polymerase mRNA Helicase Protein Chain Amino Acid Anti Codon Anti Codon Codon Codon BIG PICTURE - What are genes? Sequence of bases that codes for the production of 1 protein - What is mRNA? mRNA is a single stranded copy of a gene - What are amino acids? How are amino acids made? Amino acids make up proteins. They are identified by tRNA based on the sequence of bases on the anti codon. - What are proteins? What do proteins do? Proteins are chains of amino acids. Proteins are vitally important molecules that enable organisms to carry out the BIG 7. -What are traits? Traits are characteristics or features of an organism - How do Genes become Traits? Genes code for proteins. Proteins then complete the structure of an organism and control all of the chemical functions in an organism, which are the traits of an organism. Genes contain information to make proteins, and those proteins create the traits in an organism. RNA DNA - Single Strand - Uses Uracil instead of Thymine - Uses Ribose instead of Deoxyribose - Double Strand - Uses Thymine - Uses Deoxyribose Type of RNA Job mRNA Copy the information about how to make a single protein in a gene into a single mRNA strand tRNA Bring the correct amino acid to the ribosome rRNA Part of the ribosome that reads the mRNA