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Transcript
Oceans and Freshwater Ecosystems The Aquatic Biome ● Water makes up the largest part of the biosphere, covering about 75% of the Earth’s surface! ● The aquatic biome is broken down into 2 basic areas: Freshwater and Marine The Freshwater Biome ● Freshwater areas have very low salt concentrations (less than 1%). ● There are different types of freshwater regions including: ponds and lakes, streams and rivers, and wetlands. Freshwater zones ● Freshwater biomes have different “zones” that are determined by the distance from the shore as well as the depth (or how much sunlight the area is able to get) ○ LITTORAL ZONE- closest to the shore and can absorb the most sun ○ LIMNETIC ZONE- open water near the surface ○ PROFUNDAL ZONE- deep water Marine Biomes ● The marine biome is the largest of all the ecosystems and contains oceans, coral reefs, and estuaries. ● Marine algae is extremely important as it supplies much of the world’s oxygen and takes in a large amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide Oceans ● The oceans are the largest of all the ecosystems. ● They, like freshwater, are divided into separate zones. ○ INTERTIDAL ZONE- where the ocean meets the land ○ PELAGIC ZONE- open waters away from the land ○ BENTHIC ZONE- below the top of the water, but does not reach the deepest parts. ○ ABYSSAL ZONE- deepest part of the ocean So why do we care? ● Each “zone” in the different biomes contains different plants and animals based on their needs. ● These biomes are also prone to dealing with overuse, such as overfishing. So what? Why should we care about overfishing? ● The aquatic biomes are home to the vast majority of our invertebrates. ○ Killing off invertebrates could seriously affect the rest of the food chain in very negative ways. http://video.nationalgeographic. com/video/why-ocean-matters