* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Electricity and Magnetism – Ch 1 “Magnetism”
Magnetorotational instability wikipedia , lookup
Maxwell's equations wikipedia , lookup
Electron paramagnetic resonance wikipedia , lookup
Friction-plate electromagnetic couplings wikipedia , lookup
Electric machine wikipedia , lookup
Electromagnetism wikipedia , lookup
Hall effect wikipedia , lookup
Lorentz force wikipedia , lookup
Magnetometer wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic field wikipedia , lookup
Scanning SQUID microscope wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic nanoparticles wikipedia , lookup
Neutron magnetic moment wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic monopole wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic core wikipedia , lookup
Superconductivity wikipedia , lookup
Faraday paradox wikipedia , lookup
Earth's magnetic field wikipedia , lookup
Eddy current wikipedia , lookup
Magnetohydrodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Magnetoreception wikipedia , lookup
Multiferroics wikipedia , lookup
Magnetotellurics wikipedia , lookup
Superconducting magnet wikipedia , lookup
Magnetochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Electricity and Magnetism – Ch 1 “Magnetism” Ch 1.1 What is Magnetism? - Properties of Magnets • A _________________ is any material that attracts _________ and materials that contain iron – A mineral with magnetic _________________was first discovered in ancient _________________ 2,000 years ago and was named “__________________” after the city Manesia. – If left to _______________________, a magnet will always point ___________, where the North Star (_________________) is located. Magnetic Poles • ______________________– the ends of a magnetic object, where the magnetic force is _________________. – A magnet always has a __________of ___________, a north pole and a south pole. – Magnetic poles that are _________________ (opposite) ___________ each other, and magnetic poles that are alike ______________ each other. • _______________________ - the _________________or _________________between magnetic poles. – Can create a ___________________________ that can cause an object to _______________ – Magnetic forces occur _______________, but can be used by ____________. • Ex. Toy ________________ Magnetic fields • _________________________ – the region around a magnet where the magnetic force is _________________. – Is strongest at the ______________ of a magnet, but it _________________the magnet – Can cause magnets to _________________ without even _________________ • _________________________ – invisible lines that _________________ the magnetic field around a magnet • Magnetic field lines ______________________from one pole, ____________________________ the magnet, and return to the other pole. • When the magnetic fields of two or more magnets ________________, the result is a _____________________ field. A Single Magnetic Field • Although you cannot __________ a magnetic field, you can see its ____________________. • The photograph shows ______________________ sprinkled on a sheet of plastic that covers one _________________. Combined Magnetic Fields • This picture shows the magnetic field produced when the poles of __________ bar magnets are brought _____________ each other. • Compare the _________________ field of two __________ poles to that of two ____________________ poles. Ch 1.2 Inside a Magnet - The Atom • The magnetic _________________ of a material depend on the __________________ of its atoms. • ______________– smallest particle of an _________________ that has the properties of that element. • ___________________– one of about _________ basic materials that make up all _________________. • Atoms consist of: • _________________ - center region of an atom that contains _____________________________ • ______________ – a particle that carries a _________________ charge • ______________ – a particle that _____________ carry a charge. • ___________________ – particle that carries a _________________ charge. • move _________________ throughout the atom • much ______________ than neutrons and protons Electron Spin • A __________________________ produces a magnetic field that makes the electron behave like a tiny ________________ in an atom. – Electrons form _________ that spin in __________________ directions – If an atom _____________ or _____________ an electron it will ___________________ the atoms magnetic field. Magnetic Domains • _________________________ – region in which the magnetic fields of all atoms are __________________ in the same _______________________. – If this occurs it creates a _______________________________ in an object – If the fields are not __________________ (pointing in the same direction) then the object does not have a ___________________________________. • In a ____________________ material, ______________ of the magnet domains are arranged in the ___________ direction. Magnetic Materials • _________________________ – a material that shows ____________ magnetic properties – In nature, __________, nickel, _____________, and gadolinium are ___________________ ferromagnetic materials • The _______________ that we use are usually made from _____________. – ______________– a combination of several _____________ – Ex. alnico – alloy made of ___uminum, ___ickel, __ron, and ____balt • _______________ magnets come in a variety of ________________ and are made from many different ________________. Making and Changing Magnets • No magnet can last ________________. Magnets can be ____________, destroyed, or _________________ apart. • Magnets can be _____________ by… – placing an _______________________ ferromagnetic material in a strong ___________________________ – ________________ the material with one pole of a magnet. • _________________________ - made from a material that easily ____________ its magnetism • _________________________ – made of material that ____________ its magnetism. – __________________ to magnetize • Permanent magnets can also be ___________________ by… – ________________ or _________________ the magnet – __________________ the magnet • Magnets can also be _______________ in two. • When a magnet is ________________, each piece of a magnet _________________ its magnetic __________________ after it is cut in half. Ch 1.3 Magnetic Earth - Earth as a Magnet • Just like a bar magnet, _______________ has a magnetic __________ surrounding it and two magnetic ____________. • The magnetic poles are located on Earth’s _______________ where the magnetic force is _______________________. • They are located close to the ___________ poles but not exactly at them (about ______________ km off) • Because of this, a ______________________ will not point ______________ to the north (axis) pole. • _________________________ – angle between ____________________ north and the north to which a compass needle ________________. • The ___________________ of Earth’s magnetic poles does not stay the ____________. • Therefore, the magnetic declination _______________ over __________________. Earth’s Magnetic Field • Since Earth produces a strong ______________________, Earth itself can make _________________ out of _______________________ materials. – Can attract _______________ strong enough to line them up in the same __________________. • Ex. If you left a metal bar lying in a ___________-_____________ direction for many years, the Earth could ________________ the bar. • The same thing may happen to _______________________ rocks on the __________________ floor. • When molten material ______________ into the rock of the ocean floor, the _________________ of the Earth’s magnetic field at that time is ________________________ recorded. The Magnetosphere • Earth’s magnetic field affects the ______________________ of __________________________ particles in space and visa versa. • ______________________– two ________________-shaped regions ___________-___________ kilometers above Earth that contain electrons and protons traveling at __________________. • ____________________– streams of electrically charged _______________ flowing at high speeds from the ________ • ____________________– region of Earth’s magnetic field shaped by the ________________________. • The solar wind causes Earth’s magnetic field to _______________________ on the side of Earth _____________________ the sun. • Recall from the space chapters…. • __________________– glowing region produced by the _____________________ of charged particles from the sun and ____________ in the __________________________. • In the _______________ Hemisphere, an aurora is called the ___________________Lights, or _________________________. • In the _________________ Hemisphere, it is called the _______________________ Lights, or _________________________. Electricity and Magnetism – Ch 1 “Magnetism” (ad.) Ch 1.1 What is Magnetism? - Properties of Magnets • A _________________ is any material that attracts iron and materials that contain iron – A mineral with magnetic properties was first discovered in ancient Greece 2,000 years ago and was named “__________________” after the city Manesia. – If left to swing freely, a magnet will always point ___________, where the North Star (Polaris) is located. Magnetic Poles • ______________________– the ends of a magnetic object, where the magnetic force is strongest. – A magnet always has a pair of ___________, a north pole and a south pole. – Magnetic poles that are unlike (opposite) ___________ each other, and magnetic poles that are alike ___________ each other. • _______________________ - the attraction or repulsion between magnetic poles. – Can create a ___________________________ that can cause an object to move – Magnetic forces occur _______________, but can be used by man. • Ex. Toy ________________ Magnetic fields • _________________________ – the region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted. – Is strongest at the ______________ of a magnet, but it surrounds the magnet – Can cause magnets to _________________ without even touching • _________________________ – invisible lines that map out the magnetic field around a magnet • Magnetic field lines spread out from one pole, ____________________________ the magnet, and return to the other pole. • When the magnetic fields of two or more magnets overlap, the result is a ________________________ field. A Single Magnetic Field • Although you cannot see a magnetic field, you can see its ____________________. • The photograph shows ______________________ sprinkled on a sheet of plastic that covers one magnet. Combined Magnetic Fields • This picture shows the magnetic field produced when the poles of two bar magnets are brought _____________ each other. • Compare the combined field of two like poles to that of two ____________________ poles. Ch 1.2 Inside a Magnet - The Atom • The magnetic properties of a material depend on the __________________ of its atoms. • ______________– smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element. • ___________________– one of about 100 basic materials that make up all matter. • Atoms consist of: • _________________ - center region of an atom that contains protons and neutrons • ______________ – a particle that carries a positive charge • ______________ – a particle that does not carry a charge. • ___________________ – particle that carries a negative charge. • move _________________ throughout the atom • much ______________ than neutrons and protons Electron Spin • A spinning electron produces a magnetic field that makes the electron behave like a tiny ________________ in an atom. – Electrons form pairs that spin in __________________ directions – If an atom looses or _____________ an electron it will increase the atoms magnetic field. Magnetic Domains • _________________________ – region in which the magnetic fields of all atoms are lined up in the same direction. – If this occurs it creates a magnetic ________________ in an object – If the fields are not __________________ (pointing in the same direction) then the object does not have a magnetic property. • In a magnetized material, all or most of the magnet domains are arranged in the ___________ direction. Magnetic Materials • _________________________ – a material that shows strong magnetic properties – In nature, iron, nickel, cobalt, and gadolinium are ___________________ ferromagnetic materials • The _______________ that we use are usually made from alloys. – ______________– a combination of several metals – Ex. alnico – alloy made of ___uminum, ___ickel, __ron, and ____balt • Modern magnets come in a variety of ________________ and are made from many different materials. Making and Changing Magnets • No magnet can last ________________. Magnets can be made, destroyed, or broken apart. • Magnets can be _____________ by… – placing an _______________________ ferromagnetic material in a strong magnetic field – ________________ the material with one pole of a magnet. • _________________________ - made from a material that easily loses its magnetism • _________________________ – made of material that keeps its magnetism. – __________________ to magnetize • Permanent magnets can also be ___________________ by… – Dropping or ___________________ the magnet – __________________ the magnet • Magnets can also be _______________ in two. • When a magnet is broken, each piece of a magnet _________________ its magnetic properties after it is cut in half. Ch 1.3 Magnetic Earth - Earth as a Magnet • Just like a bar magnet, _______________ has a magnetic field surrounding it and two magnetic poles. • The magnetic poles are located on Earth’s surface where the magnetic force is _______________________. • They are located close to the ___________ poles but not exactly at them (about 1,250 km off) • Because of this, a compass will not point ______________ to the north (axis) pole. • _________________________ – angle between geographic north and the north to which a compass needle points. • The ___________________ of Earth’s magnetic poles does not stay the same. • Therefore, the magnetic declination _______________ over time. Earth’s Magnetic Field • Since Earth produces a strong magnetic field, Earth itself can make _________________ out of ferromagnetic materials. – Can attract domains strong enough to line them up in the same __________________. • Ex. If you left a metal bar lying in a ___________-_____________ direction for many years, the Earth could magnetize the bar. • The same thing may happen to newly formed rocks on the __________________ floor. • When molten material hardens into the rock of the ocean floor, the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field at that time is ________________________ recorded. The Magnetosphere • Earth’s magnetic field affects the ______________________ of electrically charged particles in space and visa versa. • ______________________– two doughnut-shaped regions 1,000–25,000 kilometers above Earth that contain electrons and protons traveling at high speed. • ____________________– streams of electrically charged particles flowing at high speeds from the sun • ____________________– region of Earth’s magnetic field shaped by the solar wind. • The solar wind causes Earth’s magnetic field to _______________________ on the side of Earth not facing the sun. • Recall from the space chapters…. • __________________– glowing region produced by the interaction of charged particles from the sun and atoms in the atmosphere. • In the Northern Hemisphere, an aurora is called the Northern Lights, or _________________________. • In the Southern Hemisphere, it is called the Southern Lights, or _________________________.