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Transcript
4th Grade Physical Science Unit 1: Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism Unit Vocabulary 1. Increase – To become or make greater in size or amount 2. Decrease – To become or make less in size or amount 3. Heat – The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another. Heat always moves from warmer objects to cooler objects. 4. Temperature – The measurement of the average energy of particles in an object. 5. Celsius – Most scientists use this scale to measure temperature. Freezing point = 0:C, room temperature =21:C, body temperature = 37:C, Boiling Point = 100:C 6. Fahrenheit – This measurement of temperature is mainly used in America. Freezing point = 32:F, room temperature = 70:F, body temperature 98.6:F, boiling point 212:F. 7. Current Electricity – The flow of electrical charges through a circuit. 8. Simple Circuit – The path along which electric current flows. 9. Open Circuit – A circuit with gaps, so that it is not complete, and therefore, electricity will not flow through it. 10. Closed Circuit – A complete, unbroken circuit to allow electricity to flow through it. 11. Power Source – An object to power the electric current, such as a battery. 12. Energy Transfer – When energy flows from one object to another. 13. Conductor – Objects that transfer heat and electricity very well. 14. Insulator – Objects that do not transfer heat very well. 15. Compass – A tool that uses Earth’s magnetic field to show direction. The needle of a compass is a thin needle that will point to a magnetic field (usually the Earth’s). 16. Magnet – An object that attracts to iron, nickel, and cobalt. 17. Magnetic Field – The area of magnetic force around a magnet. Every magnet has a magnetic field that wraps around it. 18. Magnetic Poles – The force of the magnet is strongest at the pole. A magnet has two poles, a north end and a south end. 19. Attract – Two magnets pull toward each other. 20. Repel – Two magnets push away from each other.