Download Operant conditioning

Module 9 & 10
How can smelling
aftershave cause
anxiety?
Classical Conditioning
 Learning
 a relatively enduring or permanent
change in behavior that results from
previous experience with certain stimuli
and response
 Behavior
 Any observable responses (fainting,
salivating, vomiting).
Classical conditioning
 Classical conditioning
 a kind of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires
the ability to produce a response that was originally
produced by different stimulus
 Ivan Pavlov -conducted experiments with dogs
Everyday Garden Variety Classical
Conditioning
Everyday Garden Variety Classical
Conditioning
PROCEDURE: CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
 Step 1: Choosing stimulus and response
 Neutral stimulus (is a stimulus that causes a sensory response)
 Unconditioned stimulus (is a stimulus that triggers a physiological
response)
 Unconditioned response (unlearned, innate, reflex/response)

Example p.198
 Step 2: Establishing classical conditioning
 Step 3: Testing for conditioning:
 Conditioned stimulus (formerly neutral stimulus paired with unconditioned
stimuli)
 Conditioned response (condition stimulus similar to unconditioned
response)
 Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Spontaneous recovery
In-class Small Group Discussion
 Learned food aversion
Use page 198
Describe a food aversion you experienced. Discuss how
this was classically conditioned.
 Child or Adolescent Emotional Experience
Think of a past emotional experience that was
conditioned to a neutral stimulus. Discuss how this
was classically conditioned
 Fear or Phobia
Describe a fear or phobia and how it was classically
conditioned.
Systematic Desensitization
 Step 1: Learning to relax
 Step 2: Making an Anxiety hierarchy
 Step 3: Imaging and relaxing
Operant & Cognitive Approaches
 Operant conditioning- is a
kind of learning that
associates a behavior with
consequences (reward or
punishment).
 Cognitive learning-
involves mental processes
such as attention and
memory where learning
occurs through observation
or imitation.
Operant and Cognitive Learning
Modules 10
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teLoNYvOf90
Small Group Discussion:
Social Media
O What role does classical and operant
conditioning play in social media?
Operant and Cognitive Learning
Modules 10
Search and Share
Groups
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5.
How does positive punishment differ
from negative reinforcement? (p.218219)
How would you use operant
conditioning to change a rude friend
into a more likable and friendly person?
(P. 218-219)
Create examples of Skinner’s four partial
reinforcement schedules. (p. 221)
Explain cognitive learning. (p. 223-226)
What is behaviour modification? (p.
232)
SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT
 Fixed ratio – air miles, strawberry/blueberry picking, mowing lawns
for cash, mail delivery, workouts (maintenance),etc.
Variable ratio - slot machine, using drugs to escape withdrawal
symptoms, lottery tickets, house cleaning, etc.
Fixed interval - Paycheck every Thursday, checking the time during
class, checking food (timed),
Variable interval - Storm chasers, texts, emails, speed traps, fishing,
etc.