Download Mental Disorder

Mental and emotional health
Mr. Le’s Health Class
Objectives
• Identify factors that influence your self-concept
• Develop skills to build your self esteem
• Identify emotions and appropriate coping skills
• Identify stress
• Skills to manage stress in your life
• Identify stages in the grief reaction
• Identify mental disorders
• Recognizing and combating against violence and abuse
Who are you
• Self-esteem – the way you feel about yourself and
how you value yourself.
• Resilience – the ability to bounce back from
disappointment.
• Self Concept – the view you have of yourself.
• Personality – the unique combination of feelings,
thoughts, and behaviors that make you different
from everyone else.
Expressing emotions
• Anxiety – is a state of uneasiness, usually associated with a future
uncertainty.
• Fear can be negative or positive
• Mixed emotions – opposite or different feelings that occur at once
• Emotional needs – needs that affect your feelings and sense of wellbeing.
What •isStress
Stress?
is natural and everyone experiences it.
• Stress – the reaction of the body and mind to
everyday challenges and demands.
• Perception – the act of becoming aware through
the senses.
What Causes Stress?
• Stressor – anything that causes stress
Five General Categories
Biological Stressors
Environmental Stressors
Cognitive or Thinking Stressors
Personal Behavior Stressors
Life Situation Stressors
The Body’s Response to Stress
• Nervous System and Endocrine System are the two systems that are
active during the stress response.
• Response is autonomic /involuntary.
• Three stage response
• 3 Types: positive/negative/eustress
3 Phases of Stress
• Alarm Phase- High alert
• Resistance Phase- Body reacts
• Fatigue Phase- Post response
• Physical
• Psychological
• Pathological
Stress
and
Your
Health
• Health Pyramid Effects: high blood pressure, anxious,
relationships, unable to perform duties
• Physical- tired muscles
• Psychological- mental/emotional,
• Pathological – immune system
• Personal causes of stress = life events
• Daily Hassles = time, responsibilities, conflicts
• Physical Stressors injury, abuse
Think, Pair, Share
•Evaluate the different stressors in your life.
• What is an example of good stressor you have and a bad
stressor in your life?
•What do you do to manage your bad stressors and who
could you go to for help?
Control stress before it is too late
• Chronic Stress – stress associated with long term
problems that are beyond a persons control.
• Strategies for controlling the effects of stress:
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Engage in a physical activity
Look for support
Relaxing hobby
Avoid using tobacco, alcohol
Stress Management Techniques
• Stress-Management Skills – skills that help an individual handle stress
in a healthful, effective way.
• Relaxation Response – a state of calm that can be reached if one or
more relaxation techniques are practiced regularly.
What are Mental disorders?
• Mental Disorder: an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him/her from leading
a happy, healthful, and productive life.
• Stigma: a negative label or a mark of shame.
• Mental illnesses require medical attention just as any other medical
condition.
Mental disorders in the U.S.
• 1/3 of individuals in the U.S.A. will have at least one psychiatric
disorder during their lifetime
• 20% of adults will suffer from one or more psychiatric disorder during
a 6 month period
• *anxiety/depression
Two Types of Depression
• Depression – prolonged feeling of helplessness,
hopelessness and sadness.
• Major Depression
• A medical condition
• Severe and lasts longer
• Can develop from reactive depression or is a chemical
imbalance in the brain
• Reactive Depression
• Response to a stressful event
• Eventually goes away as a person finds a way to cope with
the response to the event.
• Protective Factors – conditions that shield individuals from the
negative consequences of exposure to risk.
Anxiety Disorders
• Anxiety Disorder: condition in which real or
imagined fears are difficult to control.
• Can be classified into four main types.
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Phobias
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders
Panic disorders
Post-traumatic stress disorders
Phobia
• A phobia is a strong and irrational fear of
something specific
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• A person with this disorder is trapped in a pattern of repeated thoughts or
behaviors.
Panic Disorder
• A person with this disorder has a sudden, unexplained feelings of
terror.
• Symptoms
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Trembling
Pounding Heart
Shortness of Breath
Dizziness
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
• A condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event that
threatened or caused physical harm.
• Symptoms include……
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Flashbacks
Nightmares
Emotional numbness
Sleeplessness
Guilt
Problems with concentration
Mood Disorders
• Mood Disorder – an illness, often with an organic
cause, that involves mood extremes that interfere
with everyday living.
Bipolar Disorder
• Also known as : Manic – depressive disorder
• Characterized by the following traits
• Extreme mood changes
• Extreme energy levels
• Extreme behaviors
Eating Disorders
• Psychological pressures, possible genetic factors,
and obsessions with body image and thinness can
lead to an eating disorder.
• Bulimia Nervosa
• Binge Eating Disorder
• Anorexia Nervosa
Conduct Disorders
• Conduct Disorder – a pattern of behavior in which the
rights of others or basic social rules are violated.
Schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in which
a person loses contact with reality.
• Symptoms include:
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Delusions
Hallucinations
Thought Disorders
Difficulty Understanding Reality
Unpredictable Behavior
Personality Disorders
• Alienation – feeling isolated and separated from everyone else.
• Suicide – the act of intentionally taking one’s own life.
• Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Borderline Personality Disorder
• Passive-aggressive personality disorder
Helping Others
• When you are with someone who appears to be suicidal,
show you care by the following steps…..
• Initiate a meaningful conversation
• Show support and ask questions
• Try to persuade the person to seek help
• Therapy:
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Psychotherapy
Behavior
Cognitive
Group
Biomedical
Expressions of Grief
• Grief – the sorrow caused by loss of a loved one
• Grief Reaction – the process of dealing with strong feelings
following any loss.
• Coping – dealing successfully with difficult changes in your
life.
1. Denial/Numbness
2. Anger/Emotional Release
3. Bargaining
4. Depression/Remorse
5. Acceptance/Hope
Your protective factors
• These protective factors decrease
the likelihood of violence and harm
to self or others.
• Factors:
• Individual
• Family
• Community
• Peer/School
What are schools doing?
• Peer Mediation – a process in which trained students help other
students find fair ways to resolve conflict and settle their differences.
• Schools have procedures and policies to ensure the safety of students
Think,
Pair,
Share
•Evaluate the different cause of violence or detrimental
acts in your society.
• What are some current detrimental issues in our
society/community today?
•What action
can be taken to help resolve or
relieve these areas of concern?
violence
• Assailant – a person who commits a violent act against another.
• Weapon Availability
• Some common causes of violence and deliberate injury include the
following…
• Need to control others
• Way of expressing anger
• Prejudice – an unfair opinion
or judgment of a particular
group of people.
• Retaliation
Bullying and Hazing
• Bullying – the act of seeking power or attention through
the psychological, emotional, cyber, verbal or physical
abuse of another person.
• Sexual Harassment – uninvited and unwelcome sexual
conduct directed at another person.
• Hazing – including someone through an initiation process
that can be abusive.
• Gang – a group of people who associate with one
another to take part in criminal activity.
• Building a safe community involves everybody to
play their part
Assault and Homicide
• Assault – an unlawful attack on a person with the
intent to harm or kill.
• Abuse - the physical, mental/emotional, or sexual
mistreatment of one person by
• Homicide – the willful killing of one human being by
another.
• Domestic Violence- a pattern of behavior used to
establish power and control over another person
through fear and intimidation, often including the
threat or use of violence
Protection
• Body Language
• Self-Defense
• Violence – is the threatened or actual use of
physical force or power to harm another
person or to damage property.
• The three C’S- Communicate, Collaborate,
Commitment
• Be Assertive
• Protect Others