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Transcript
LEARNING PSYCHOLOGY USP COURSE: 1º Grado en Psicología SEMESTERS TO BE OFFERED: Fall or Spring OBJECTIVES To understand the laws and principles of the psychological processes To be able to describe and measure psychological variables (personality, intelligence, aptitudes, etc) cognitive, emotional, psycho-biological and behavioral processes. To understand the laws and principles, structure, organization and function (attention, perception, motivation, emotion, learning, memory, thinking and language) of the basic psychological processes and the theories and models of study of the mentioned psychological processes. To be able to work with laboratory animals (rats), not only referring to manage animals but also referring to the use of different tools at the animal learning labs. To learn to consider learning problems and to design experiments to study them. To understand the relation between the behaviours daily observed and the results of the Learning psychology, acquiring in that way the capacity to understand a functional analysis. METHODOLOGY LECTURE: Professors will expose the relevant theoretical aspects of the subject with the help of material such as readings, (on paper or digitalized on the Campus Virtual) and interactive material. Students should prepare in advance the material previously provided in order to assimilate the lecture. SEMINAR: Students will have to attend these seminars and prepare, under the professor’s supervision, the topic to study which will complement and allow the student to apply the subject seen in the lectures and also to express orally the knowledge acquired out of class. WORKSHOP: There will be practical classes in reduced groups to facilitate the understanding and application of the subject. EVALUATION The evaluation will be continuous. To be evaluated is mandatory to attend the 75% of the classes. Attendance to practice classes is mandatory in a 100% The objectives of knowledge will be evaluated through written exercises and individual papers. There will be 5 quizzes to evaluate the theoretical and practical knowledge of the students. There will be a final exam where students will only be evaluated of the parts which have not been passed in the previous exams. Students will also have to pass the exam corresponding to the work at the learning lab, together with any other paper (theoretical or practical) along the semester. The evaluation system is the following: Exams and quizzes: 50% Lab work and papers: 30% Individual or group papers: 20% THEMATIC OUTLINE Theoretical Classes Block A: Introduction to the study of Learning Psychology Theme 1 Brief historical perspective. Terminology. Methodological aspects. Research with animals. Theme 2 Work in the laboratory. Discrete trials: Mazes. T-maze, radial, double-box and water maze. Operating free trials: Skinner’s box Feeder training Molding of the lever pressure response Other tools: activity wheel, shuttle box, stabilimetric box Theme 3 Biological determinant factors of learning Generality of the learning laws Behavior systems Focused and generalized search Consummatory behavior Imprinting Non-adaptative animal behavior Brain electrical stimulation Anatomic localization of reinforcement and punishment Block B: Behavior and stimulus: Elicitation Theme 4 Reflex behavior Reflex arc Orientation response Startle response Modal action standards Theme 5 Habituation and sensitivity Sensory adaptation and fatigue Dual process theory Dishabituation Opponent process theory Applications Block C: Classical conditioning Theme 6 First researches Pavlov’s laboratory The paradigm of the classical conditioning The relation CS- US Excitating classical conditioning Procedures of conditioning Measurement of the conditioned response Efficacy Theme 8 Inhibitory classical conditioning Procedures of conditioning Measurement of the conditioned inhibition Theme 9 Fear conditioning Albert’s case Peter’s case Conditioned suppression Theme 10 Monitoring the sign Eyeblink conditioning Taste aversion Theme 11 First order conditioning Sensory pre-conditioning Contraconditioning Vicarious conditioning Theme 12 Models of classical conditioning The blockade Rescorla and Wagner’s model Attention model Relative waiting time hypothesis Comparator hypothesis Applications Block D: Instrumental conditioning Theme 13 Thorndike and the puzzle box Thorndike laws Theme 14 Procedures of instrumental conditioning Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Positive punishment Avoidance learning Theme 15 Reinforcement schedules Reason schedules: fixed and variable Interval schedules: fixed and variable Compound schedules Differential reinforcement programs Theme 16 Fundamental components of the instrumental conditioning Instrumental response Instrumental reinforcer Relation response-reinforcer Theme 17 Election behavior Concurrent schedules The law of equalization Election with commitment Theme 18 Motivational mechanisms Associative structure Consummatory response theory Premack’s principle Lack of response hypotheses Point of behavioural delight Applications Block E: Principles of stimulation control Theme 19 Control by stimulus Stimuli discrimination Stimuli generalization Generalization gradients Theme 20 Determining factors in the control by stimulus Stimulus factors Response factors Learning factors Contextual keys Conditional relations Block F: Extinction Theme 21 Extinction of the conditioned response Extinction of the operant response Forgetting Spontaneous recovery Renovation Recovery Theme 22 Frustration theory Sequential theory Applications Block G: Control of behavior through aversive stimulation Theme 23 Avoidance behavior Origins of its study Discriminated avoidance Mowrer and Miller’s theory Theme 24 Experimental analysis of the avoidance behaviour Free operant avoidance Applications Theme 25 Other explicative theories of the avoidance behavior Conditioned signals of security Reduction of the discharge frequency Defensive responses typical of the species Predatory imminence Theme 26 Punishment Experimental analysis of punishment Theme 27 Punishment theories Emotional conditioned response theory Avoidance theory Negative law of effect Applications Block H: Cognitive control of behaviour Theme 28 Tolman’s contribution Spatial learning Expectation Types of mental representation Theme 29 Learned helplessness Triadic design Hypotheses and effect Deficits Seligman’s work BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY DOMJAN, M. (2009): Principios de Aprendizaje y Conducta. Madrid. Paraninfo RECOMMENDED BIBLIOGRAPHY ALLOWAY, T. WILSON.G, AND GRAM. J. (2006) Sniffy, la rata virtual.Pro versión 2.0. Madrid. Thomson FERRÁNDIZ LÓPEZ, P. (1997): Psicología del Aprendizaje. Síntesis Psicológica FROUFÉ, M. (2004) Aprendizaje asociativo. Principios y aplicaciones. Thomson KLEIN, S.B. (1994): Aprendizaje. Principios y Aplicaciones. McGraw Hill/Interamericana MALDONADO, A. (2002) Aprendizaje, cognición y comportamiento humano. Madrid. Biblioteca Nueva SELIGMAN, M. (1975) Indefensión. Madrid. Debate TARPY,R.M.: (2000) Aprendizaje, teoría e investigación contemporáneas, , Madrid McGraw Hill-Interamericana) YELA, J. R., Y GÓMEZ, A. (2006) Principios y aplicaciones del condicionamiento y aprendizaje. Salamanca.Universidad Pontificia USEFUL WEB RESOURCES www.suite101.net/reference/aprendizaje_animal Sociedad Española de Etología: http://webs.uvigo.es/c04/webc04/etologia/index.html