Download Chapter 15 Study Guide: Darwin`s Theory of Evolution

Chapter 15 Study Guide: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
15.1 Darwin’s Early Studies:
1. Describe his voyage.
a. Name of ship
b. What did he note about the tortoises on the Galapogos islands?
c. What did he note about the finches on the Galapogos islands?
d. Did similar environments around the world necessarily contain the same organisms?
15.2 Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking:
2. Why were his theories so controversial?
3. How did Hutton and Lyell help support Darwin’s views?
4. Lamarck’s theory of evolution
a. Explain tendency toward perfection.
b. Explain use and disuse
c. Explain inheritance of acquired traits
d. Was Lamarck’s theory accurate?
5. What was Malthus’ theory about population growth?
a. How did Darwin apply Mathus’ theory?
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What is an adaptation? What is the role of adaptations in evolution
of organisms?
15.3 Darwin Presents His Case:
6. How did Wallace influence Darwin?
7. What is the name of the book Darwin published in 1859?
8. Compare artificial selection and natural selection.
9. What is fitness?
12. Explain what is meant by the “struggle for existence” among organisms.
13. How does survival of the fittest play into this concept?
14. How does natural selection play a role in evolution?
15. What is descent with modification?
16. What is common descent?
Evidence of Evolution
17. What is the fossil record?
18. Explain how the geographic distribution of organisms supports Darwin’s
views.
19. What are homologous structures?
20. What are vestigial organs? Give an example.
21. How do similarities in early development support Darwin’s views?