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Download The negative form. The perfect tense. The imperfect tense. Reflexive
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Year 9 French Section n°1 Section n°2 ➔ The negative form. ➔ The perfect tense. ➔ The imperfect tense. ➔ Reflexive verbs. Section n°3 ➔ The negative: When we want to say we DON’T do something in French, we must place 'NE’ and ‘PAS’ around the verb. Example: Je ne joue pas au foot → I don’t play football Exercice : Make the following sentences negative by using ‘ne’ and ‘pas’ 1) Je joue au tennis. → 2) Je joue au cricket. → 3) Je joue au ping-pong. → 4) Je joue au basket. → Other negatives Ne___pas not/don’t Ne___jamais never/not ever Ne___plus not any more Ne___que only Ne___rien nothing/not anything Ne__ni__ni neither ___ nor ___ Ne___personne nobody / no-one / not anybody Do not use NE when the verb starts with a vowel [a/e/io/u/y] or a « h » but use N'. Example : Je n'aime pas le cinéma. I don't like the cinema. Je n'habite plus à Londres. I don't live in London anymore. Create your OWN negative sentences ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ➔ The perfect tense is used to describe a single, completed action in the past or an action that took place over a defined period of time. Example: Last summer I spent 3 weeks in Cuba → L’été dernier, j’ai passé 3 semaines à Cuba. Le passé composé is made up of 2 parts: 1) The auxilary verb (the present tense of AVOIR or ÊTRE) 2) The past participle (donné, parlé, entendu, sorti, fait, etc) A. Regular Verbs using AVOIR. 1) Use the correct form of « avoir » j’ai tu as il/elle a nous avons vous avez ils/elles ont 2) Use the past participle of the verb using this pattern verbs in - ER + -er becomes é manger > mangé verbs in - IR -ir becomes i finir > fini verbs in - RE -re becomes u vendre > vendu Example: chanter – to sing > I sang/I have sung = J’ai chanté finir – to finish > you finished/you have finished = tu as fini entendre – to hear > we heard/we have heard = nous avons vendu B. Irregular Verbs using AVOIR. Some verbs don’t follow the usual pattern for forming the past participle. Often, if a verb is irregular in one tense then it’ll probably be irregular in other tenses as well - check the dictionary if you’re not sure. Here are some common irregular past participles that take avoir: avoir to have eu had lire to read lu read être to be été been mettre to put mis put boire to drink bu drank/drunk ouvrir to open ouvert opened connaître to know connu knew/known pouvoir to be able pu could courir to run couru ran/run prendre to take pris took/taken croire to believe cru believed recevoir to receive reçu received devoir to have to dû had to savoir to know su knew/known dire to say/tell dit said/told voir to see vu saw/seen écrire to write écrit wrote/written vouloir to want voulu wanted faire to make/do fait did/done Practice – Exercices 1. Fill in the perfect tense of regular verbs using the infinitives given below. voyager dormir attendre (to travel) (to sleep) (to wait) a. I travelled _____________________ b. We slept _____________________ c. You (sg) have waited _____________________ d. You (pl) have slept _____________________ e. You (pl) waited _____________________ f. They travelled _____________________ 2. Fill in these irregular « avoir » verbs in the perfect tense. a. I had __________________ m. I was __________________ d. I opened __________________ p. They put ________________ f. You (sg) said __________________ r. She did ________________ Write your OWN sentences in the past. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Write ONE sentence in the past including the negative. Keep in mind that in the sentence « J'ai regardé », « ai » is the verb [c.f previous pages on the negative] ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ➔ The imperfect : It is used to indicate what used to happen in the past, habitual or repeated actions in the past ex: I used to go out every night last summer = je sortais tous les soirs l’été dernier. It is also used for description in the past: ex: It was raining every day = il pleuvait tous les jours. 1.Take the nous form of the verb in the present tense nous jouons 2. Take off the –ons to form the stem jou- 3. Add the correct ending e.g. je jouais tu jouais il jouait nous jouions vous jouiez ils jouaient Fill in the regular imperfects jouer (to play) oublier (to forget) Practice – Exercices 1. I was playing ______________ 2. You (pl.) were playing ______________ 3. You (pl.) were signing ______________ 4. You (sing.) used to search ______________ 5. I used to forget ______________ 6. She was searching ______________ 7. They were forgetting ______________ signer (to sign) chercher (to search) ✗ Être is irregular j' tu il/elle/on nous vous ils/elles étais étais était étions étiez étaient Example : « Quand j'étais petite » → when I was young. Write THREE sentences containing the imperfect tense with the verbs you already know ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ➔ Reflexive verbs : describe activities where the action is reflected back onto the subject of the verb. Examples : I wash myself / He dresses himself The idea of ‘self’ is conveyed by using reflexive pronouns e.g. I wash myself = je me lave se laver – to wash (oneself) lave laves I wash / am washing (myself) tu me te il/elle se lave He/she washes/ is washing (him/herself) nous nous lavons We wash/ are washing(ourselves) vous vous lavez You wash / are washing (yourselves) ils/elles se lavent They wash/ are washing (themselves) je Practice – Exercices : se raser = to shave se laver = to wash (oneself) A I wash (myself) B You (pl) have a shower C He is called (calls himself) D You (sg) shave E We wash F You (sg) wash yourself G He shaves H We are having a shower You wash/ are washing (yourself) Fill in the appropriate forms, using the verbs in the box below. se doucher = to have a shower s’appeler = to be called (to call oneself) Write your OWN sentences including a reflexive verb. Ex : Je me douche → I take a shower. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________