Download United Nations Climate Summit 2014 Agriculture Action Area One

United Nations
Climate Summit 2014
Agriculture Action Area
One-Year Report
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
affected by changing climates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Global Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
North American Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance: Adaptive
Management to Meet Food, Fibre, Energy and Environmental Goals . . . . 4
EverGreen Agriculture Partnership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Scaling Up CSA for Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Small Farms, Big Impacts: Helping Smallholder Farmers Adapt to Climate
Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Mainstreaming Youth and Persons Living with Disabilities in Climate
Smart Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Environmental Services Recognition Programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
National Agricultural Resilience Framework (NARF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.Adoption of practices that will reduce emissions of greenhouse gases
and short-lived climate pollutants from agriculture and food systems . . 11
Climate and Clean Air Coalition Agriculture Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3. Increased sourcing of food produced using climate-smart practices . . . 13
McDonald’s Commitment to Sustainable Beef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Walmart Climate Smart Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4. More effective, useful and accessible farmer-based research on options
for climate-smart agriculture and food-systems practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CGIAR Research and Development for Climate Smart Agriculture . . . . . . 17
Empowering Farmer Organizations on Climate Change Through Better
Foresight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases . . . . . . . . . . 19
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Annex 1: Guidance Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Annex 2: Other Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Contact
M artin Gallagher
Senior Liaison Officer on Food Security
Office of the UN Secretary-General
Telephone: 1 212 906 6692
Cell: 1 917 332 7296
E-mail: [email protected]
Sangram R ane
Policy Support Officer on Food Security
Office of the UN Secretary-General
Telephone : 1 212 906 6083
Cell: 1 929 231 3525
E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
The United Nations Summit on Sustainable Development in September 2015 saw
leaders from 193 countries adopt the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The
2030 Agenda seeks to end hunger and poverty within 15 years, with the strongest
focus on the most marginalized, ensuring no one is left behind.
Almost 80 per cent of the world’s poor live in rural areas. For smallholder farmers
already struggling to eke out a living from their plots of land, the effects of climate
change are a daily reality. Changing climate and the resultant unpredictable weather
patterns are challenging centuries-old farming techniques, leading to crop failures,
reducing food quality and increasing vulnerability. Climate change is also undermining
livelihoods, creating food insecurity and increasing malnutrition. Without global action,
the effects of climate change on the lives of most vulnerable will get worse year by
year. The poorest will suffer first—and suffer most—reversing the development gains
made in recent decades.
It is clear that the ambitious but achievable vision of the 2030 Agenda cannot be
realized unless addressing the challenges of climate changes is at the heart of both
policymaking and action. As attention now shifts towards the 2015 Paris Climate
Conference in December, the fundamental link between agriculture and food systems,
climate and ending poverty and hunger is increasingly recognized.
The Climate Summit 2014, convened by the United Nations Secretary-General Ban
Ki-moon in New York in September 2014, acknowledged the significant relationship
Introduction
between food security and climate change, and the need to scale up efforts to make
agriculture more resilient. It offered a platform for catalysing substantial, scalable and
replicable contributions to this end. During the Summit over 20 individual or collective
initiatives were presented, launched or scaled up. As we approach the Paris Climate
Summit, this report gives an overview of the progress the initiatives have made over
the past year.
In preparation for COP21 (the twenty-first Conference of Parties), the Governments
of France and Peru, along with the Executive Office of the Secretary-General of the
United Nations (EOSG) and the UNFCCC Secretariat initiated the Lima-Paris Action
Agenda (LPAA), which seeks to enhance the implementation of climate action. The
LPAA process is building on the momentum of the Climate Summit, and seeks to
provide enhanced support to the initiatives launched at the Summit.
As part of its contribution to the LPAA, the EOSG has asked for progress reports
from all initiatives that were launched as part of the Agriculture Action Area at the
Climate Summit 2014. Reports were received from 14 of the 21 initiatives launched
at the Climate Summit. Each report has been summarized in an individual fiche. This
progress report is a compendium of the feedback received from the sponsoring
entities and informs on various aspects ranging from targets and current status to
future expectations. The reports submitted by individual initiatives can be found at UN
Climate Summit 2014: Agriculture Action Area One-Year Report.
1
1. Adaptation and resilience
of agricultural and food system livelihoods
affected by changing climates
Global Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture
Dr . A ndrew A chuo
[email protected]
[email protected]
Over 70 members have joined the Global Alliance since the Climate Summit,
representing 8 stakeholder groups from Africa, Asia, the Americas and Europe.
Announcement
The Global Alliance will focus initially on three action
areas: knowledge, investment and building an enabling
environment. Activities include:
•• Voluntary adoption of national strategies for the
practice of climate-smart agriculture within national
strategies for agriculture, food security and nutrition;
•• Development of systems that encourage all people
to adopt climate-smart agriculture through accessing 1) expertise from other countries, 2) lessons from
pilot studies and 3) resources needed to establish
the necessary operating principles, extension services and farmer support schemes;
•• Engagement of businesses, foundations, development agencies and intergovernmental organizations
in support of this government-led agenda in ways
that bring benefits to the people whose livelihoods
are most threatened by climate change.
Targets
and Milestones
For the inception year, 2015,
the following targets were
set:
•• Developing a governance
structure;
•• Establishing the strategic
committee;
•• Developing a work plan of
the Alliance for the inception year,
•• Setting up and operationalizing the facilitation unit;
•• Putting in place Action
Groups to drive the
initial focus actions of the
Alliance.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
There was no
baseline, as this is
voluntary coalition,
and members were
not asked to provide any baseline
information before
joining. The first attempt to establish
a baseline is now
in the inception
year, as the GACSA
asks members to
provide stocktaking reports for their
constituencies.
yyStrategic Committee
was established.
yyThree action groups
have been formed.
yyGACSA website is
developed and functional.
yyGACSA has participated in nearly 20 events
around the world.
yyGACSA is planning a
number of information
and advocacy sessions
at COP21.
Expectations
for the Future
Target to get 500
million farmers practicing CSA worldwide by 2030.
The success of the
initial projects and
their impacts will be
a natural motivation and trigger for
voluntary adoption
of the approach, and
this will constitute a
vehicle for scaling up
the activities, both in
content and scope.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
The Global Alliance geographic coverage was
already broad last year. Within a year the Alliance was working on broadening the membership in various geographic regions, increasing,
for example, CSO and NGO involvement.
The Strategic Committee adopted a work plan for the inception year. The Alliance has a light governance structure which comprises four main elements: 1) The Annual Forum (AF) is the general assembly of all the members and is the highest instance of the alliance for making major decisions
and policies; 2) The Strategic Committee (SC), headed by two co-chairs, provides day-to-day leadership and strategic guidance for the activities
of the Alliance; 3) The Facilitation Unit (FU), headed by a coordinator, serves as the secretariat for the Alliance, 4) The Action Groups (AGs) drive
specific activities to produce tangible outputs towards achieving the aspirational goals of the Alliance.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
3
North American Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance: Adaptive Management
to Meet Food, Fibre, Energy and Environmental Goals
M r . E rnie Shea
[email protected]
Solutions from the Land is the primary sponsoring entity and has several other partners
Announcement and Area of Work
Targets and Milestones
Through this initiative, Solutions from the Land will
facilitate and support a North American Climate Smart
Agriculture Alliance wherein farmers, ranchers and
foresters can collaborate with partners from industry,
academia, government and NGOs to share and discuss
new adaptation practices, tools and production systems
designed to improve resilience and mitigate the risks of
changing climatic conditions. This new Alliance, which will
collaborate with the Global Alliance for Climate-Smart
Agriculture, provides North American agricultural and
forestry leaders with platforms for shaping an integrated
approach to pursue the three pillars of climate-smart
agriculture. These include: 1) sustainably increasing
agricultural productivity and livelihoods (sustainable
intensification); 2) adapting and building resilience; and
3) reducing and/or removing greenhouse gas emissions.
The Alliance’s Formation Plan established
first-year target outcomes: Increasing the
number of member organization to 100. As
of September, the Alliance had grown to
49 members. Also, training and equipping
50 farmer leaders to be climate-smart agriculture leaders. This goal is well on its way,
as the Steering Committee is represented
by more than 10 current farmers with former
farmers also represented.
Members of North American Alliance will 1) review the
latest that science is telling us about changing climatic
conditions and the impact their impact on agriculture
and forestry industries; 2) formulate and prioritize recommendations on adaptation needs, priorities and policies
to reduce risk and enhance agricultural operation resilience; 3) support and comprise farmer/forester leadership teams that will share and discuss real-world adaptation and resiliency strategies with their peers at national,
regional and local forums; and 4) participate actively in
the Global Alliance for Climate-Smart Agriculture.
Progress Review
The Steering Committee is growing to represent other agricultural sectors. The Alliance
also established a target of being an active
participant on the Global Alliance on Climate
Smart Agriculture (GACSA). The Alliance is
now setting next-phase targets that will be
developed further at the Steering Committee meeting on 25 September 2015. These
include establishing work teams that focus on
financing the Alliance; developing and implementing an outreach and engagement plan;
identifying issues that need to be immediately addressed; and finally a creating a group
that will develop adaptive management strategies. The work of these groups is interrelated, and the Steering Committee will be developing metrics for measuring the success.
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
The North American Climate Smart Agriculture
Alliance Steering Committee had its inaugural
meeting on 30 June
2015 at the American
Farm Bureau Federation
in Washington, D.C. The
Steering Committee will
have its second meeting
on 24 September and
will update the newly
recruited Steering Committee members on
work to date, as well as
next steps by Alliance
members. The Alliance
will approve a framework and a 2015-2016
work plan.
By 2050 the Alliance aspires for farmers, ranchers
and foresters to be able to
manage land to produce
the food, fibre and energy
to support a growing
population and economy, while protecting and
improving biodiversity and
the health of the environment.
The North American
Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance will
participate in the Global
Landscapes Forum side
event to the COP21 in
Paris.
The Alliance aims to
achieve to-be-established
country targets for reducing greenhouse gas and increasing the percentage of
producers in each country
that adopt climate-smart
agriculture practices.
The Alliance is confident
in its ability to utilize its
diverse leadership base
to scale up its efforts and
achieve ambitious goals.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
The North American Climate
Smart Agriculture Alliance has
secured partners in Canada,
Mexico and the US. The Alliance
will look to share its experience
and expertise with other developing regions of the world.
The Alliance’s current work plan is to 1) champion integrating climate-smart
agriculture principles into agricultural planning, investments and programs; 2)
facilitate and/or participate in assessment and planning initiatives designed to
achieve CSA outcomes; 3) identify and advocate for CSA needs and priorities;
4) communicate CSA policies, practices and financing mechanisms for scaling
up sustainable agricultural development; 5) encourage the development of
systems to monitor and measure progress; and 6) pursue pathways for change.
The success of the Alliance will be monitored and measured by the number of
agricultural and forestry groups and value chain partners that participate in the
Alliance and its work programme through government data which tracks productivity and net income; the adoption of Climate Smart Agriculture practices;
and the number of participating organizations, states and provinces that develop and adopt adaptive management strategies. The Alliance is in the process
of developing mechanisms for monitoring and measuring success. The Alliance
has not logged with NAZCA at this time.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
4
EverGreen Agriculture Partnership
M r . H enry Neufeldt
World Agroforestry Centre, other core members: World Vision International, World Resource Institute
General members: numerous organizations and governments
Announcement and Area of Work
The Partnership is an alliance of governments, international organizations, NGOs, research
and educational organizations, farmers organizations and civil society that supports the accelerated scaling up of agricultural practices that integrate trees in cropping systems throughout
the world to achieve a climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The Partnership builds the capacity
of its partner organizations to expand the adoption of these practices, and it supports the
achievement of quantitative targets for their deployment. It is working with the African Union
through the AU-NEPAD African Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance to realize the commitment
of African heads of state in the Malabo Declaration, which will enable 30 per cent of African
farmers to practice CSA by 2025, focusing its contributions to this effort through the adoption
of fertilizer tree technologies (FTTs) and other forms of evergreen agriculture. It supports its
partners’ efforts in agricultural extension, training, research and implementation.
There are three types of evergreen agriculture practices: 1) conventional agriculture interplanted with trees, conservation agriculture with trees (CAWT), and farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR). Evergreen agriculture practices provide needed biological and
income diversity in the farm system. The types of intercropped trees may include species
whose primary purpose is to provide products or benefits other than soil fertility replenishment, such as fodder, fruits, timber or fuel wood. The intercropped trees may also be
species that fix atmospheric nitrogen and make available other nutrients to the crops from
deeper soil horizons. Farmers cultivate these nitrogen-restoring trees and shrubs among
their food crops, such as maize and other cereal. Large-scale adoption of evergreen agriculture practices has already occurred in several parts of the African continent. In Niger
more than 5 million hectares of dryland croplands have been regreened through FMNR,
involving about 1.2 million farming families. Over 200,000 families in Malawi and thousands
of smallholder farmers in Zambia and Rwanda have taken up this practice. These successes
and many others have proven the potential of evergreen agriculture to be transferred to
millions in these and other countries on a larger scale.
[email protected]
Progress Review
Current Status
The Partnership is now working with the Global
Restoration Initiative in developing an African
Restoration Initiative to inspire and assist more
African countries to make and implement formal commitments to the Bonn Challenge/New
York Summit Declaration.
The Partnership has launched a collaboration
with the African Union to develop a programme
to achieve the target confirmed by the Second
African Drylands Week to reach every African farm household in the drylands with the
capacity to practice FMNR. The Partnership
has launched an initiative with Common Market
for Eastern and Southern Africa to enable the
member states to build the capacity to link the
scaling-up of evergreen agriculture with fertilizer
trees to their input-subsidies programmes. The
Partnership has launched an Evergreen Energy
Initiative to assist both the public and private
sectors to implement integrated food-energy
projects based on fertilizer tree technologies.
At the COP21 the Partnership will collaborate
with its partner organizations to make announcements for these new initiatives.
Expectations
for the Future
There is enormous
potential for scaling up
evergreen agricultural
practices. Trees can
be integrated into all
farms across the African
continent in some way.
The Centre anticipates
that the AU‘s targets for
every farm family to use
FMNR or assisted natural
regeneration (ANR) by
2025 will be achieved.
Also, the Malabo Declaration by African heads
of state for 30 per cent
of African farmers to be
practicing CSA by 2025
can be achieved through
evergreen agriculture
practices such as FMNR
and fertilizer tree technologies.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
There are currently 17
participating
countries in Africa, and the
partnership works at a
continental and global level.
The EverGreen Agriculture Partnership is governed by representatives from the three founding organizations. The Partnership is administered through the secretariat (made up of chair, manager, research
assistant and administrative assistant) hosted at the World Agroforestry Centre. Membership by other
organizations is voluntary, based on mutual interest in evergreen agriculture practices. Partners are
arranged by communities by organizational type (for example, government, civil society, research, education, etc.), and also in working groups, based on thematic areas of interest (for example, energy, FTTs,
conservation agriculture, etc.). The Partnership receives financial support for the secretariat office from
bilateral grants, and in-kind support from partner organizations. The majority of resources to support
the scaling up of evergreen agriculture are held directly by partner organizations.
The Partnership monitors performance through such indicators as:
yyNumber and level of engagement of partners;
yyValue of resources leveraged through projects and partners to support scaling up evergreen agriculture;
yyPolitical support and buy-in for scaling up evergreen agriculture
through political commitments, policy changes and investment
decisions;
yyLand area and number of farmers practicing evergreen agriculture.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
5
Scaling Up CSA for Impact
M r . M arc Sadler
[email protected]
World Bank
Announcement and Area of Work
The World Bank Group (WB), under the leadership of its Global Agricultural Practice, will
mainstream CSA approaches and practices in all its agricultural lending, with a target for
adoption of 100 per cent within four years, up from 15 per cent currently.
This will be a marked expansion of adaptation, resilience-building and emissionsreduction activities, across an annual portfolio of around US$ 8 billion.
The focus of the initiative is to deliver projects, interventions and activities that capitalize
on the synergies of increased production, enhanced resilience and reduced emissions of
greenhouse gases from agricultural systems, be that through reductions in emissions intensity or net emissions. This will be achieved through the promotion of modern and appropriate technologies; increased access to services, products and markets for farmers;
improved environmental stewardship and landscape approaches; the introduction of risk
management strategies and products/tools; and a focus on the best available scienceand evidence-based d
­ ecision-making.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations
for the Future
At the time of
the summit, WB
estimated that
15 per cent of
its total lending
to agriculture
contained both
adaptation
and mitigation
financing.
yy100 per cent of WB agricultural
projects now undertake greenhouse gas baseline accounting
before implementation;
yyWB retains the initial
goal of reaching 100
per cent of projects
being climate smart.
yy100 per cent of WB projects
are climate informed;
yyWB will continue to
have 100 per cent
of projects climate
informed and baselined at inception
for greenhouse gas
emissions.
yy42 per cent of projects in the
pipeline are climate smart;
yyOver 35 per cent of the total
lending in WB’s current pipeline are for adaptation and
mitigation co-benefits.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
Global
Scaling up climate-smart agriculture is integral to and mainstreamed within
the World Bank’s Agriculture Action Plans as part of its normal lending and
technical assistance operations. This CSA for Impact initiative is subject to
normal WB governance structures.
As part of normal WB operations, projects are monitored in accordance with
standard WB portfolio review and management.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
Specific structures are not required, as this involves mainstreaming of climate
change issues into agricultural development projects and technical assistance.
6
Small Farms, Big Impacts: Helping Smallholder Farmers
Adapt to Climate Change
M r . Gernot L aganda
[email protected]
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD),
Belgium (Flanders), Canada, Finland, Netherlands, Norway, Republic of Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
Announcement
IFAD commits to investing climate finance in poor smallholder farmers in
developing countries. Through the
creation of the world’s largest climate
change programme of its kind, the Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture
Programme (ASAP), IFAD commits
to increasing the climate resilience of
8 million poor smallholder household
members worldwide by 2020. This
commitment can be increased to 15
million smallholders if US$ 300 million in additional climate finance can
be mobilized from bilateral and multilateral sources. Furthermore, IFAD
commits to mainstreaming climate
resilience throughout its entire agricultural investment portfolio by 2018.
Every new IFAD investment design
will be screened for climate-related
risks and include suitable actions to
address and reduce these risks.
Targets
and Milestones
Progress Review
By 2020:
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
1)
8 million smallholders have
increased climate resilience;
These targets have been integrated into the logical
frameworks of 28 IFAD investment programmes:
yy5,657,114 household members whose climate resilience
has been increased;
yy1,519,050 hectares of land and 15 watersheds managed
under climate-resilient practice;
yy99,049 households and 2,560 production and processing facilities with increased water availability;
yy579,709 individuals and 8,734 community groups engaged in climate risk management;
yyUS$ 54 million worth of new or existing rural infrastructure and 625 kilometres of rural roads made climate
resilient;
yy49 international and country dialogues on climate
issues where ASAP supported projects or project partners make an active contribution.
With additional financial
contributions of US$ 300
million, IFAD could scale up
the current targets of ASAP
to the following levels: 1)
15 million poor smallholder
household members
more resilient to climate
change impacts; 2) 1.5
million hectares managed
under climate-resilient
practices; 3) 3,000 local
farmer groups trained and
engaged in participatory
climate risk management
actions; and 4) climate risk
resilience mainstreamed
in 100 per cent of IFAD‘s
investment portfolio.
2)
80 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions (CO2e)
are avoided or sequestered;
3)
1 million hectares of land
are managed under climateresilient practices;
4)water availability or efficiency for 100,000 households is
increased;
5)US $80 million of rural infrastructures are made climate
resilient;
6)40 international and country
policy dialogues are supported.
At COP21 IFAD will launch the publication “The Policy
Advantage”, which draws on lessons from the ASAP
portfolio.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
As of September 2015, 28 ASAPsupported projects were approved by
the IFAD Executive Board, committing
an amount of US$ 239 million from the
ASAP Trust Fund to concrete actions
that help smallholder farmers adapt to
the impacts of climate change.
ASAP grants are joined with IFAD baseline investments which are implemented by
government entities. The programming of ASAP funds follows the IFAD project design cycle and is fully aligned with regular IFAD procedures and safeguards. Therefore, ASAP does not employ specific application procedures as do other funds,
such as issuing calls for proposals that can be accessed by NGOs or CSOs directly.
Results-Based Country Strategic Opportunities Papers (RB-COSOPs) are a typical
point of departure for an ASAP investment, highlighting climate change adaptation
as a strategic decision for IFAD operations in a specific country.
ASAP provides a monitoring and evaluation framework which summarizes relevant adaptation results, indicators and corresponding
investment options. Project design teams working with ASAP financing apply this framework during the project design phase and
select a subset of relevant indicators and targets in alignment with
the programming context for integration with the results framework
of the underlying IFAD investment. The commitment has not been
logged with NAZCA.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
7
Mainstreaming Youth and Persons Living with Disabilities
in Climate Smart Agriculture
M r . Divine Ntiokam
[email protected]
Climate Smart Alliance Youth Group (CSAYN): Current partners: CANA (the Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa),
the Scaling Up Nutrition Civil Society Network (SUN CSN) and farmingfirst.org.
Announcement
Targets and Milestones
The main objective of
the project is to create
awareness, sensitize and
build capacity in young
people and persons living with disabilities on
climate-smart agriculture
concepts to increase food
production. It will visits to
colleges, young farmers
and youth clubs, organize
media talks, TV shows,
presentations and seminars on climate-smart agriculture and organize site
visits, drawing competitions, essay competitions
related to climate-smart
agriculture. This is a new
initiative to promote and
enhance youth and people living with disabilities
mobilization and advocacy in ensuring no one is
left behind before, during
and after the summit.
To educate and train as many young people as possible in the smallholder farming community, including people with disabilities, regarding the various
climate-smart agricultural techniques and technologies, to support the goals of the Zero Hunger Challenge (ZHC).
The first milestone was creating several local and active country chapters of CSAYN, which have launched
activities in four African countries and having prelaunch organizing meeting and the first climate-smart
farmer-to-farmer field school event in Canada.
The next milestone included connecting with existing organizations in Africa and globally, such as
CANA, which will be the official CSAYN website
host; the Scaling Up Nutrition Civil Society Network
(SUN CSN); and farmingfirst.org, which will post information about CSAYN events and activities and
provide CSAYN with key information about its own
network member events and activities.
CSAYN’s next milestone will be to coordinate a series of climate-smart farmer-to-farmer field school
events across all active CSAYN country chapters, as
well as defining and developing a series of guidance
documents for all the CSAYN country chapters to
provide them with a framework for interaction with
the CSAYN-GCU and other organizations.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
The
baseline
was to
launch
CSAYN
activities
by
January
2015,
which
was
achieved.
CSAYN has launched activities in Togo, DRC,
Cameroon and Nigeria. Plans are under way
in Canada for the official launch in October.
CSAYN is one the leading and most active
youth groups recognized by the Global Alliance for Climate Smart Agriculture (GACSA).
CSAYN is collaborating with CANA, SUNCSN and farmingfirst.org.
CSAYN has also signed the ZHC and looks
forward to its implementation. CSAYN has
engaged with the UN Water for Life Decade
to assist in scaling up the water, sanitation
and hygiene (WASH) programme.
CSAYN was invited to present during the
Global forum for Innovations in August 2015
in Abu Dhabi. CSAYN is also translating the
17 Sustainable Development Goals into vernacular languages that are relevant within
all of the CSAYN chapter countries.
CSAYN was sponsored by the African Forum
for Agricultural Advisory Services (AFAAS)
to participate as a panellist in the Third UN
Financing for Development conference in
Addis Ababa.
Expectations
for the Future
CSAYN anticipates
becoming one of the
official implementing partners of the
Sustainable Development Goals, working
with organizations
such as SuSanA and
educational organizations, on programmes focusing on
SDG 2, Zero Hunger.
CSAYN considers
all its activities can
easily be scaled up as
the focus is to work
from the ground up,
directly with communities and youth,
including farmers,
to train them on
climate-smart techniques, technologies
and programmes.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
CSAYN has expanded its activities
into four key African countries—Cameroon, DRC, Nigeria and Togo­
— and
had a pre-launch organizing meeting
in Canada. CSAYN is also in the process of discussing the organization of
various other country chapters.
Implementation strategy includes focusing on 1) the Climate Smart Farmer-to-Farmer field school events across all active CSAYN country chapters and
2) defining and developing a series of guidance documents for all of the CSAYN
country chapters to provide them with a framework for interaction with the
CSAYN-GCU (Global Coordination Unit) and the various other organizations,
including government and institutional and civil society organizations in each
respective country that they will be interacting with. Governance structure of
CSAYN currently consists of the CSAYN-GCU.
The monitoring process has been announced via e-mail with colleagues. CSAYN has plans in place to eventually put a monitoring
and evaluation framework in place, but CSAYN may require some
funding assistance in order to implement a sufficiently rigorous
monitoring and evaluation framework for the global network. The
specific structures and mechanisms for monitoring the activities of
the CSAYN network have not yet been fully defined, and CSAYN’s
commitment has not yet been logged with NAZCA.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
8
Environmental Services Recognition Programme
M r . R oberto A zofeifa
[email protected]
Government of Costa Rica
2004-2010: International Development Bank (IDB)
Announcement and Area of Work
The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock commits to promote
competitiveness in agriculture and food systems on an economic, social and environmental basis. The most relevant mechanism
to achieve the objective is the recognition of environmental
services as an incentive to foster technological change through
private investments with environmentally positive effects (IEA+).
By law, Costa Rican society decided that organic agriculture
produces environmental benefits that need increased support.
For this reason, organic agriculture programmes became the
beneficiaries of incentives by the Environmental Services Recognition Programme. Its main objective is to foster organic agriculture and its role in terms of family farming, carbon sequestration by organic matter in soils and the production of healthy
food. The Programme supports the use of practices to improve
sustainable production, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
and to improve resilience in agricultural food systems. It also
encompasses practices for water use efficiency, productivity
increase, forage biomass increase for cattle feeding, agrochemical reduction, waste agricultural biomass use for composting,
rain harvesting, organic production.
Geographic Coverage
Targets
and
Milestones
•• To reduce
negative
externalities
in agriculture
and livestock
production.
•• To improve
productivity
and sustainability at small
and medium
business.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
The baseline pertains to the
reduction
of erosion
reduction
and water
pollution
and an
increase in
net income
increase in
rather than
to CO2
reduction.
The Programme
has been active
since 2007,
contributing
to accelerate
technological
innovations in
the agricultural
sector mainly
in livestock,
dairy and
coffee. During
2015 has been
added projects
in sectors like
oil palm, swine,
coffee, livestock
and dairy production.
The Environmental Services Recognition
Programme is part of the agricultural policy framework for 2014-2018. It is looking
for innovative schemes to provide environmental services incentives for agriculture
and livestock production. The scaling up
of the Programme depends on 1) how fast
the private sector implements environmentally positive technologies and 2)
how much money the government has to
implement the Programme countrywide.
•• To foster
technology for
higher energy
efficiency.
Capacity to Deliver
The Programme is developed at The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock works with national, regional and local organizathe national level, and the level tions. Local organizations coordinate with farmer organizations.
of activity is higher in livestock- Financial support comes from the public budget of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock.
producing areas of the country.
Until now the capacity to deliver has been sufficient to satisfy the demand.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
The dream is that all private sector agriculture and livestock producers incorporate
environmentally positive technologies in
their processes and communicate their
efforts to consumers so that they will be
conscious of the importance of sustainable production and consumption to
society.
Monitoring
The Programme’s impact can be monitored through efficiency
improvement, income improvement, greenhouse gas emission reductions, water pollution reduction and soil erosion reduction.
9
National Agricultural Resilience Framework (NARF)
Dr . Debisi O. A raba
[email protected]
Sponsoring Entity: Federal Government of Nigeria
Partners: CIMMYT and Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) Programme of the CGIAR,
GIZ, International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Pula Advisors
Announcement and Area of Work
The National Agricultural Resilience Framework
(NARF) is a National policy was adopted by the Federal Government of Nigeria in April 2014. It lays out a
structured plan on making Nigeria’s agricultural sector
resilient to the shocks and stresses brought by climate
change. It will achieve this through strengthening the
overall policy and institutional framework for improved
resilience and adaptation to climate variability and
change in the agricultural sector, including planning
and implementation, systems for resource mobilization, and effective project monitoring and evaluation.
The NARF is a comprehensive framework which promotes 1) adaptation and resilience of agricultural and
food system livelihoods affected by changing climates, the adoption of low carbon practices for agriculture and food systems; 2) increased sourcing of
food produced using climate-smart practices; 3) increased availability of insurance to compensate farmers for assets and production damaged as a result of
extreme weather events and better access to insurance for smallholder farmers; and 4) more effective,
useful and accessible farmer-based research on options for climate-smart agriculture and food-systems
practice.
Targets
and
Milestones
Pilot roll-out of
area yield and
w e a t h e r- b a s e d
index
insurance
products
will
commence
during the 2015-2016
dry farming season, targeting the
maize and rice value chains.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
In 2014, there was no coordinated national programme to
promote climate-smart agriculture in Nigeria.
100,000 maize
and rice farmers
are scheduled
to participate in
the first-phase
pilots of the
area yield and
weather-based
index insurance
products in
Kebbi and
Katsina states.
This will
commence
during the dry
season farming
period, which
begins next
month.
Nigeria wishes to create
convergence in access to
CSA technologies within the
country and also lead the global
effort. NARF hopes to leverage
E-wallet, an electronic database of farmers, to bridge the
challenges of technology and
information asymmetry, which
hampers access to knowledge
and adoption of CSA practices.
Nigeria wishes to continue internal and global development
and implementation of policies
to promote green and blue
growth, while providing stakeholders within the agricultural
value chain the means to cope
with and absorb shocks and
stresses, bounce back to productive levels and avoid future
recurrences.
The executive memo seeking
adoption of the NARF as a national policy was presented to
the Presidency in May 2015.
Within NARF, the goal of the
Federal Ministry of Agriculture
is to ensure national coverage
of agriculture insurance for 14.5
million smallholder farmers by
2017. Agricultural insurance
will serve as an adaptation
mechanism for smallholder
farmers through the adoption
of resiliency inputs and practices, as well as for promotion
of mitigation practices, such as
alternate wetting and drying
(AWD) for rice, which reduces
methane from paddy farms.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
The pilot will cover Kebbi
and Katsina States in
Northwest Nigeria and
include over 100,000
smallholder farmers.
1) No action plan was provided for the 2014 Summit. The current action plan and implementation strategy will be released once the
yet-to-be-appointed Minister of Agriculture reviews and approves it.
Permanent internal structures to drive NARF implementation are included in
the performance monitoring
contracts of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture.
2) The NARF is being coordinated and implemented by the Department of Agricultural Land, Climate Change and Management Services Department of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture. The external partners provide technical and financial resources.
3) GIZ has provided financial support to cover the first phase of the pilots for the area yield and weather-based index products. Further
funding would enable a wider roll-out of the products across multiple agricultural-climatic zones and for more crops.
4) There is sufficient capacity to deliver the objectives. The GIZ has recruited Pula Advisors as external coordinators to support the
Federal Ministry of Agriculture in rolling out the pilots.
Adaptation and resilience of agricultural and food system livelihoods
The commitment has not yet
been logged with NAZCA.
10
2. A
doption of practices that will reduce emissions
of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate pollutants
from agriculture and food systems
Climate and Clean Air Coalition Agriculture Initiative
Lead Partners: Bangladesh, Canada, European Commission,
Food and Agriculture Organization of the U.N. (FAO), Ghana, Japan, New Zealand,
Nigeria, United States, the World Bank, and International Cryosphere Climate Initiative (ICCI)
Announcement and Area of Work
The CCAC is the first high-level global forum devoted to
addressing short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) including
methane, black carbon and hydro-fluorocarbons (HFCs).
Action to reduce SLCP emissions has the potential to avoid
0.5˚C in warming, 2 million annual premature deaths, and
more than 30 million tons in annual crop losses globally
by 2050. The CCAC Agriculture Initiative is a new actionoriented initiative to catalyse actions to reduce SLCP
emissions, while maintaining or improving productivity,
through three distinct work streams: 1) livestock and
manure management, 2) paddy rice production and 3)
open agricultural burning. The CCAC Agriculture Initiative
is the only group of activities for the Agriculture Action
Area that focuses chiefly on mitigation of emissions.
The CCAC Agricultural Initiative is directly related to
the work under “adoption of practices that will reduce
emissions of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate
pollutants from agriculture and food systems”. The
CCAC Agriculture Initiative is the first action-oriented
global effort to address both methane and black carbon
emissions from key agricultural sectors.
M s. M artina Otto
Deputy Head of the Secretariat
[email protected]
M s. Catalina Etcheverry
Coordinator
catalina.etcheverry. [email protected]
Progress Review
Expectations
for the Future
Current Status
Livestock and Manure Management: Phase I completed. Phase II commenced in early
2015 and the implementation of Opportunities for Practice Change (OPCs) has started.
Open Agricultural Burning: Of the initial discussions across 26 countries, Phase 1 has
led to the proposal of seven catalyst projects and related policy work in 2016-2017,
including key messages and conclusions of the Himalayas and Andes Conference.
The Paddy Rice Production: The Paddy Rice Production component is working to
reduce methane emissions by promoting alternate wetting and drying (AWD) practices on a large scale. The component has established three programs in Viet Nam,
Bangladesh and Colombia, which have hired country managers, organized national
stakeholder meetings and developed action plans for each country. The implementers
have also made advances in collecting the textural maps for AWD needed to develop
the national suitability maps in each country.
Aspirational targets
are being defined for
the medium-term plan
that will be presented
as part of the CCAC
Five-Year Strategic Plan
during a SLCP thematic
half day at COP21.
Enteric Methane: February 2015 CCAC approved funding for the Enteric Methane
component in the amount of US$ 756,354 for Phase 1. Further US$ 2 million contingent
on progress. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO),
the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC), and the
Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural greenhouse
Gases (GRA) will be jointly implementing activities.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Livestock Manure Management (LMMC): Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Bangkok, Thailand; Buenos Aires,
Argentina; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Hanoi, Viet Nam; Lilongwe, Malawi; Nairobi, Kenya; San Jose, Costa Rica.
Since 2014 CCAC has been preparing a medium-term plan for 2015-2020, with the objective of aligning with its four principal strategies. There are 11 lead partners of the CCAC that
hold primary responsibility for the coordination, development, monitoring, reporting and
implementation. A Strategic Advisory Group (SAG) has been established to provide advice
to Lead Partners. The CCAC Agriculture Initiative has four implementers who have entered
into a legal agreement with the Secretariat to be entrusted with all approved CCAC Trust
Fund resources.
Open Agricultural Burning: Himalayas and Andes.
Paddy Rice Production: Colombia, Viet Nam and Bangladesh.
Enteric Methane: Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.
Adoption of practices that will reduce emissions
12
3. Increased sourcing of food produced using
climate-smart practices
McDonald’s Commitment to Sustainable Beef
M s. H eidi Glunz
[email protected]
McDonald’s Corporation commits to source verified, sustainable beef working with the multi-stakeholder
Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef (GRSB), including the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), and their global supply chain for beef.
Announcement
McDonald’s has committed to
source verified, sustainable beef by
working with the GRSB, including
the WWF, and their global supply
chain for beef. Goal: Sourcing some
of their beef from sustainable sources, and to set an impactful 2020
goal by 2016. This will be achieved
through the following steps: 1) leverage GRSB principles/criteria to
sourcing; 2) identify and support
local field projects to scale up
sustainable production practices;
3) work with other regional roundtables to develop common principles and key performance indicators for regional-level production;
4) begin sourcing some of its beef
from sustainable, verified sources in
2016 and 5) develop a quantitative
goal for 2020 and beyond.
Goals: 1) improve sustainability of
more than 5 million farms 2) fund
scalable sustainable beef field
projects by initial annual investment of US $1.8 million; 3) holistically transform the entire beef value chain 4) support climate-smart
agriculture.
Targets
and Milestones
McDonald's
sustainable
beef goals include:
•• Lead the development
of global principles and
criteria for sustainable
beef in 2014;
•• Develop goals and begin purchasing some
beef from sustainable
sources by 2016;
McDonald’s is also a signatory to the New York Declaration on Forests, a pledge
to eliminate deforestation
from key supply chains, including beef. The company
published the McDonald’s
Commitment on Deforestation in April 2015.
Aspirational goals for 2020:
•• 100 per cent of coffee,
palm oil and fish verified
as supporting sustainable production,
•• 100 of fibre-based
packaging from certified or recycled sources.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations
for the Future
As of the 2014
Climate Summit,
the concept of
sustainable beef
was still being
defined. In December of 2014
the membership
of the Global
Roundtable
for Sustainable
Beef (RSB), McDonald’s being
a founding
member, approved global
principles and
criteria for
sustainable beef
production. The
goal is to ensure
that all aspects
of the beef
value chain are
environmentally
sound, socially
responsible and
economically
viable.
Roundtables are developing approaches that align with GRSB Principles and Criteria. Canada committed to fund verification for up to
300 participants from the Canadian beef industry. The SAI Platform
Beef Working Group, chaired by McDonald’s, tested the draft Farm
Sustainability Assessment for Beef on 90 farms across Europe. The
Brazilian Roundtable for Sustainable Beef (GTPS) developed the Indicators Guidebook for Sustainable Livestock. The firm is a co-chair
of the verification subcommittee of the US RSB.
On 19 October 2015, the White House announced McDonald’s role
in the American Business Act on Climate Pledge, which includes:
yy Deforestation: McDonald‘s endorsed the UN New York Declaration on Forests in 2014 and made the April 2015 Commitment on
Deforestation. It is committed to eliminating deforestation from its
global supply chain. As well as beef, an initial focus is on palm oil,
fibre-based packaging, coffee and soy (beef and poultry feed).
yy Sustainable sourcing: In addition to focusing on sustainable beef,
McDonald‘s goal is for 100 per cent of palm oil used to be verified
system that supports sustainable production by 2010. Also by
2020, the goal is for 100 per cent of fibre-based packaging to be
from recycled or certified sources and for 100 per cent of coffee to
be verified as supporting sustainable production.
yy Energy, waste and recycling: By 2020, McDonald‘s goal is to
increase energy efficiency 20 per cent in company-owned restaurants in top markets, to include restaurant design standards,
equipment innovation and operational practices. McDonald’s USA
signed the Corporate Renewable Energy Buyers’ Principles, developed by WWF and World Resources Institute. The company‘s
goal is to minimize waste and increase the amount of in-restaurant
recycling to 50 per cent by 2020 in top global markets.
McDonald’s
wants to ensure
its long-term
access to key raw
materials and so
is committed to
doing what it can
to help protect
ecosystems, promote resource
efficiency and
help farmers to
operate more
efficiently so
resources are
available for
generations to
come.
McDonald’s will
continue to evaluate opportunities to develop
product priorities
beyond those
that have already
been identified:
beef, packaging,
fish, coffee and
palm oil.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
Global: For beef, approximately 85 per
cent of the company’s total volume
comes from five geographic region:
Europe, Canada, United States, Brazil
and Australia/New Zealand. These areas
continue to represent the focus of the
company’s sustainable beef strategy.
Collaboration across the industry with producers at the farm level, experts and credible
NGOs, is critical to the viability of sustainable beef, not only for McDonald’s but also for
the broader industry. Various roundtables function as a consortium of governing bodies
that feed into the GRSB and global principles and criteria, which were approved by 96 per
cent of the GRSB membership in December 2014. McDonald’s has committed significant
resources to support this governance structure and funding for pilot programs to test the
efficacy of sustainable beef indicators in the field.
McDonald’s is building a process in collaboration with NGOs
and others in the industry to ensure progress towards sourcing
sustainable beef in each region and is validated via a third-party verification scheme. In Canada, for example, producers work
with Where Food Comes From, an independent firm, which
leads the verification process to evaluate sustainable practices
on participating beef cattle operations.
Increased sourcing of food produced using climate-smart practices
14
Walmart Climate Smart Agriculture
M s. K atherine Neebe
[email protected]
M s. Brittni F urrow
Walmart stores Inc.
[email protected]
M r . M ark E astham
[email protected]
Announcement
Walmart’s Climate Smart Agriculture Platform aims to catalyse
agricultural productivity and responsible resource utilization
in its sourcing footprint, with
increasing coverage and impact through 2025. Walmart will
work with suppliers and other
partners to accelerate improvements in farm yields, greenhouse gas emissions and water
usage for the crops it directly
sources. Walmart will work with
the suppliers which represent
70 per cent of its food business
volume to scale up the management, tracking and reporting of
greenhouse gas emissions and
on-farm water use.
Targets
and Milestones
Walmart will use the
annual
Sustainability
Index to create transparency in the agriculture supply chain to
catalyse improvements
in agricultural productivity and responsible
resource utilization in a
ten year vision, through
2025. As opportunities
are identified, discrete
programs may be developed, and targets
and milestones will be
developed over the
lifespan of the initiative.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
Because each metric
tracked requires two
years of data to measure year-over-year
change, Walmart will
not be able to report
on performance in the
first year. Walmart has
received data for the
first year of the commitment, and expects
to establish baseline
figures to analyse
trends over time.
In addition to rolling out the Sustainability Index
since the 2014 Climate Summit, Walmart has taken
a phased approach to develop implementation
plans to reach its targets. The first phase was to
analyse the Walmart US Food Business footprint
in greenhouse gas emissions, water, and productivity, and then work with Walmart stakeholders to
prioritize opportunities by the level of importance
and impact on the business. This information led
to the development of 3-, 5- and 10-year strategies
with pilot and project plans that include suggested
partners, key criteria for measurement of impact,
and recommendations for scale achievement.
As Walmart implements
the climate-smart agriculture strategy, many of the
initial pilots and projects
that are expected to grow
into more regions and to
more suppliers, and involving more partners. Expectations are that Walmart’s
opportunity to reduce
greenhouse emissions,
decrease water use, particularly in water stressed
regions, and increase
productivity will expand
even beyond the ambitions
outlined here.
Since September 2014 announcement, Walmart
joined both the We Mean Business platform and
the World Business Council for Sustainable Development CSA LCTPi.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
Global
The Sustainability Index is central to Walmart’s ability to deliver sustainable products to customers. The Index helps retailers and their suppliers 1) improve the sustainability of the products
customers love and integrate sustainability into the business of buying and selling merchandise;
2) reduce cost, improve product quality and create a more resilient supply chain; and 3) strengthen
customers’ trust in retailers and the brands.
Managing and tracking improvements will depend heavily on supplier participation in the survey. Walmart’s goal is to receive responses from suppliers representing at least 70 per cent of food
sales volume that is eligible for tracking by the index by 2025.
Walmart is working to have suppliers, who represent 70 per cent of its food business, participate
in the Sustainability Index. Recruitment and participation in the Index, via an annual survey, is the
largest enabler for success in measuring relevant, representative numbers and quality reporting.
To help reinforce supplier participation in the survey, Walmart merchants for whom this work is
relevant will drive sustainability goals tied to his or her performance objectives and will use the
Index as the primary tool to measure progress.
Increased sourcing of food produced using climate-smart practices
Survey adoption will require each supplier to survey its grower base
across crops to 1) disclose the percentage of their representative
supply they are able to report on and 2) create a weighted average
for each metric that accurately represents the supplier’s overall productivity across yield, on-farm water-use, and on-farm greenhouse
gas emissions for the percentage of production they are able to
report on for the given crop.
15
4. More effective, useful and accessible
farmer-based research on options
for climate-smart agriculture and food-systems practice
CGIAR Research and Development for Climate Smart Agriculture
Dr . Bruce Campbell
[email protected]
[email protected]
CGIAR Fund Council channels funds to the CGIAR.
It is made up of all the major development donors.
The CGIAR has hundreds of partners.
Announcement
Targets and Milestones
CGIAR research is dedicated to reducing rural
poverty, increasing food security, improving
human health and nutrition, and ensuring
more sustainable management of natural
resources. It is carried out by 15 centres that are
members of the CGIAR consortium. Starting
in 2015, CGIAR is committed to refreshing
its research and development portfolio to
better align with the Global Alliance for
Climate-Smart Agriculture (GACSA). This will
include strengthening partnerships to deliver
ambitious targets; conducting research
for impact, including action research with
farmers; and allocating at least 60 per cent of
its funding to research that supports climatesmart agriculture.
CGIAR focuses on the full spectrum of
issues addressed by GACSA, including
productivity, adaptation and mitigation.
It aims to help developing countries and
small-scale producers (farmers, fishers,
livestock-keepers and foresters) improve productivity and sustainability of
their land. CGIAR works through partnerships to put its research into action.
Partners include national and regional
research institutes, civil society, academia and the private sector. Also a priority
are incentives to enhance the uptake of
climate-smart agriculture, such as insurance, seasonal forecasting, enhanced information to farmers and credit.
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
Baselines
were established at the
start of the
programme.
Achievements for 2015
are summarized in the
following report:
The targets for 2022
and 2030 are found
in the CGIAR Strategy
and Results Framework
2016-2030.
Implementing
­climate-smart agriculture for enhanced food
security and resilience.
CCAFS progress report
August 2015.
At the COP21 a new
initiative on soil carbon
will be announced;
successes to date will
be the focus.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
The coverage remains as developing
countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.
yyEach year the CGIAR prepares a programme of work and a budget.
The programme has indicators and milestones
for its proposed impact pathways.
yyThe CGIAR is now preparing for Phase 2 of CGIAR Research Programmes, 2017-2022.
yyEach centre of the CGIAR has a Board of Trustees and the 15 consortium research programmes
have independent science panels that guide strategy and implementation.
More effective, useful and accessible farmer-based research
17
Empowering Farmer Organizations on Climate Change
Through Better Foresight
M r . H arry Palmier
[email protected]
Global Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR) Partners: Farmers Organizations: AFA, ROPPA, COPROFARM;
Regional forums operating within GFAR (APAARI, AARINENA, CACAARI, FARA, FORAGRO)
Announcement
CGIAR research is dedicated to reducing rural poverty, increasing food security,
improving human health
and nutrition, and ensuring
more sustainable management of natural resources.
It is carried out by 15 centres that are members of
the CGIAR Consortium.
Starting in 2015, CGIAR is
committed to refreshing its
research and development
portfolio to better align
with the Global alliance for
Climate-Smart Agriculture
(GACSA). This will include
strengthening partnerships
to deliver ambitious targets; conducting research
for impact, including action
research with farmers; and
allocating at least 60 per
cent of its funding towards
research that supports climate-smart agriculture.
Targets
and Milestones
2015: Identify additional relevant volunteer organizations and
conduct training workshops for
farmers organizations (10 training
sessions completed, 5 climate
change scenario-building completed).
2016: 1) Report on the increased
capacity of selected farmers organizations and local communities to identify challenges affecting their livelihoods and 2) side
event at the Global Conference
on Agricultural Research for Development, GCARD3, April 2016;
(30 training sessions, and 15 climate change scenario-building
completed).
Progress Review
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations for the Future
The baseline used
was the one presented at the GROW
SMART 2GETHER
Day of the Third
Global Conference
on Agriculture, Food
Security and Climate
Change was held
3-5 December 2013
in Johannesburg.
Outcome 1: Logistical
support to develop the
capacity of local farmer
organizations and communities in Asia and in
Central Africa to identify
future challenges affecting their livelihoods.
Outcome 2: Logistical
support to local farmers
organizations and communities in Asia for the
implementation of grassroots foresight initiatives.
Outcome 3: Full
involvement of
AFA, PROPAC and
Identification of
additional relevant and
volunteer Organization.
10 training session for
farmers organizations
completed, 5 climatechange scenariobuilding completed.
yyTo contribute to the achievement of GACSA‘s
aspirational goals, to ensure that the Alliance
becomes genuinely inclusive and effective in
achieving its vision to improve people’s food
security and nutrition in the face of climate
change; and to help governments, farmers,
scientists, businesses and civil society, as well
as regional unions and international organizations, to adjust agricultural, forestry and
fisheries practices, food systems and social
policies to these goals. GFAR enabled the
participation of civil society in preparatory
work for the Climate Summit in New York and
in further discussions around the establishment of GACSA. In the interests of truly
equitable partnerships, it is essential that
such perspectives are included in considering these vital development issues.
2017: Increased capacity of selected farmers organizations and local communities to address challenges affecting their livelihoods
report; (40 training sessions, and
30 scenario-building completed).
yyCrucial for addressing the concerns of a
number of civil society organizations vis-à-vis
the preparatory phase and inception year of
implementation of GACSA and having their
support and involvement in delivering GACSA objectives at the global, regional, national
and community levels.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
1) Asia: Viet Nam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao
People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia and
in Central Africa: Cameroon, Chad, Central
African Republic.
The initiative provided a action plan for the summit.
GFAR Secretariat was fully
engaged in the monitoring
of the Initiative alongside the
GACSA Facilitation Unit also
hosted by FAO which inherited the responsibility of coordinating and reporting on all
GACSA related activities
2) International collaboration with two CGIAR
research programmes: the Aquatic Agriculture
Systems (Malaysia), and the Forestry and
Agroforestry Programmes (Indonesia).
yyGFAR is a multi-stakeholder forum to mobilize the world’s agricultural research and innovation community by working together to transform and strengthen systems of agricultural innovation to increase their impact in development.
yyFinancing was not secured after the Summit. Limited GFAR core funds were used, and the European Commission
provided funds to cover October 2014-September 2015 activities. This arrangement can continue until December
2015 against the contribution pledge received by the GACSA facilitation unit for carrying out committed activities. GFAR has submitted funding proposals to Norway and the UK‘s Department for International Development.
More effective, useful and accessible farmer-based research
18
Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases
GRA Secretariat
[email protected]
The Global Research Alliance (GRA) has a total of 46 Member countries,
with Dominican Republic, Egypt, Tunisia and Poland joining since the Climate Summit. New Partner Organizations: (WAF, CABI)
Announcement
The GRA on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases
continues to build on three years of achievements, since member countries signed the
GRA Charter in 2011. The GRA has successfully built global science networks in five key
work areas: livestock, croplands, paddy rice,
inventories and monitoring, and soil carbon
and nitrogen cycling. It has done so by building science capability through collaborative
multi-country projects, developing international funding mechanisms, regional capability building workshops and technical training, fellowships and awards, and developing
globally standardized measurement guidelines. The next phase of the GRA will see an
increased focus to implement the farm management practices and technologies that can
improve farmer livelihoods while also reducing the emissions intensity of agricultural production systems. Over the past 12 months,
membership has expanded to include an additional 9 countries with a total of 42 member
countries and 7 global partner organizations
now participating in the goals of the GRA.
Targets
and Milestones
Progress Review
GRA activities include:
Baseline
Current Status
Expectations
for the Future
•• Publishing guidelines
on best practice for
measuring greenhouse
gas emissions agricultural systems;
One of the first actions of each of the research and cross-cutting groups they were
established in 2009
was to take stock of
the current state of
knowledge and research in their areas of
expertise. As a result
of the six-monthly and
annual reports to the
Council the GRA has a
baseline of information about the progress that has been
made in increased
collaborative research,
some very significant
research outcomes,
and increased capacity in GRA member
countries.
Since the 2014 Summit Membership has increased from 42
countries to 46, with engagement
workshops in the Mediterranean
and eastern Mediterranean and
Central Asia expected to increase
members further.
The GRA Council will consider
an additional four international organizations as partners
for the GRA at the September
2015 Council meeting which will
improve the transfer of knowledge from the GRA research
and cross-cutting groups out to
farmers, policymakers and other
initiatives funding global climate
change and agriculture activities.
The development of a GRA strategy for 2015-2020, to take place
at the September 2015 Council
meeting will set the direction of
the GRA for the next five years.
Mitigation and adaptation to climate change
will be seen as two
equally important and
inseparable aspects
of the conversation
around agriculture and
climate change.
The GRA aims to increase the alignment of
research funding across
its member countries
and influence regional
and global collaborations between members. The outcomes of
the research groups will
provide a scientific basis on the opportunities
to mitigate agricultural
greenhouse gases while
building resilience and
increasing productivity.
•• Synthesizing
results;
research
•• Developing mitigation
and adaptation solutions;
•• Collaborating
on
research projects with
multiple countries and
partners;
•• Supporting
literature
and research databases;
•• Undertaking
capacity
and capability-building
work, particularly in developing countries.
Geographic Coverage
Capacity to Deliver
Monitoring
Since the Climate Summit, the GRA has held an engagement workshop in Tunisia,
connecting to governments and scientists from the Mediterranean region, leading
to Tunisia and Egypt becoming GRA members, with five other countries in the
region also interested joining. The Croplands Research Group and the Livestock
Research Group are both developing regional activities for these countries.
A further engagement workshop is planned in Izmir, Turkey (18-19 November
2015) to develop a GRA network of eastern Mediterranean and Central Asian
countries and identify common agricultural production systems. The GRA is also
expanding into Africa, and a recent workshop in New Zealand (27-31 July 2015)
on agricultural greenhouse gas inventories has introduced representatives from
Botswana to the GRA and renewed connections with South Africa.
The GRA Council work plan is updated annually to set the direction of
actions for the GRA for the coming year. The GRA Council oversees
the activities of three research groups (croplands, livestock and paddy
rice) and two cross-cutting groups—soil carbon and nitrogen cycling,
inventories and monitoring—as well as the networks and research areas
that contribute to the activities of these five groups. Member countries
chair the Council on an annual rotating basis. The GRA has no central
funding mechanism; each member country contributes as much as it
is able to support activities the GRA. The research and cross-cutting
groups are led by two co-chairs with resources for this role provided by
the member that has committed to support each position.
Each research group meets annually
to review and update their work plan
of activities, with networks and project groups meeting as required. The
Council is provided with two reports a
year on the actions of the groups.
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The Council also meets annually to review and update their own work plan as
well as to discuss annual work plans of
the research and cross-cutting groups.
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Conclusion
The 2014 Climate Summit sought to raise political momentum for a meaningful universal
climate agreement in the Paris Climate Conference and to galvanize transformative
action in all countries to reduce emissions and build resilience to the adverse impacts
of climate change. At the Summit an unprecedented number of heads of state or
government, business leaders and civil society leaders announced actions in areas
that would have the greatest impact on reducing emissions, including climate finance,
energy, transport, industry, agriculture, cities, forests and building resilience.
In the Agriculture Action Area, 21 initiatives were presented, launched or significantly
scaled up. These actions aimed to enable farmers, fishers, foresters and livestock
keepers to adapt to changing climates in order to provide food security for 9 billion
people by 2050, while reducing the harmful impact of agriculture on climate change
by reducing and/or removing emissions.
In his summary of the meeting, the United Nations Secretary-General called on all
leaders to “fulfil and expand on all the pledges and initiatives” announced at the
Summit. This report provided an opportunity for the initiatives announced in the
Agriculture Action Area to provide an update on progress. Fourteen of the 21 initiatives
launched at the Climate Summit reported. They sought to show that action is already
taking place and that emissions can be cut and resilience built by working individually
and collectively.
The responses show that the countries, organizations, civil society organizations
and businesses that participated in the Agriculture Action Area have responded to
the Secretary-General’s call to transform commitment to action. Progress includes
an increase in climate resilience among over five and a half million people through
the Small Farms, Big Impacts: Helping Smallholder Farmers to Adapt to Climate
Change initiative; the roll-out or expansion of existing country-led initiatives such as
the Environmental Services Recognition Programme and the National Agricultural
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Resilience Framework; smallholder farmer capacity-building through research and
training, including through empowering farmer organizations on climate change
through better foresight and research and development for climate-smart agriculture,
and through working along agriculture supply chains to increase productivity, improve
sustainability and promote responsible resource utilization (McDonald’s, Walmart).
The Lima to Paris Action Agenda (LPAA) taking place during the Paris Climate
Conference builds on and reinforces the outcomes of the 2014 Climate Summit. As
part of the LPAA, an Agriculture Focus Day will take place in Paris on 1 December.
This half-day discussion will consider current challenges and present new or existing
initiatives with the potential to deliver meaningful results.
The LPAA Action Day will take place on 5 December 2015. It will bring together the
outcomes from the focus days on agriculture, forest, transport, renewable energy,
energy access and efficiency, resilience, cities and subnationals, private finance,
business, innovation, building and short-term pollutants. It will share the objectives
and achievements of impactful initiatives, giving inspiration to economic and political
leaders to achieve a meaningful and universal agreement on climate, with the aim of
keeping global warming below 2°C increase from pre-industrial levels.
Agriculture will be critical to delivering on this ambitious but achievable target. It will
require the scaling up of existing approaches and research and innovation to deliver
new climate-adapted agriculture pathways to cutting emissions and building resilience.
The initiatives presented at the 2014 Climate Summit have shown that change and
positive outcomes are possible when all stakeholders work together and commit to
actions on the ground that protect the poorest and most vulnerable farmers from
climate change while creating environmentally sound and socially just global food
systems.
20
Annex 1: Document Guidance
Document Guidance: In the process of creating this report, the sponsoring entities of the individual initiatives were asked to respond on a variety of aspects to get a holistic view of the initiatives. The table below informs of the questions posed with regards to the particular aspects being covered. 1.
Initiative information
2.
Description of initiative
Initiative Title: Partners and financing organisation(s): Sponsoring Entity:
Secretariat contact information (email/telephone):
Provide a complete list of members, including new partners that have joined since the Climate Summit. 2014 Summary of Climate Summit Announcement:
Area of Work:
List Precise targets and milestones: Geographic coverage: Capacity to deliver: Has the coverage expanded since the Climate Summit? Monitoring : How has the announcement been monitored?
Have specific structures/mechanisms been put in place? 1
Has the commitment been logged with NAZCA ? 3.
a)
b)
Did you provide an action plan for the Summit or do you have another
implementation strategy?
Briefly outline your governance structure.
How well is financial support secured?
Doe the initiative leader have sufficient capacity to deliver? Progress Overview
Quantitative information: In our effort to gain increasing visibility over the next ten years into key metrics, we
achieved a 77% supplier participation rate for the Index (by sales) this past year. We are now working to evaluate
results so that we can focus on measurement, driving impact, and fostering improvements.
Qualitative information: With this effort, we are working with our suppliers to track, report, and drive continuous
improvement towards climate change (GHG, water, yield) outcomes.
Baseline Current status Future expectations 2
Was there a baseline at the time of the 2014 Climate Summit ? What is the current status of implementation? What have you achieved since the 2014 Climate Summit? Potential outcomes for COP 21:
Is your organisation or initiative planning to announce new or additional commitments in advance of COP21? If so, can you provide specific details? (quantifiable/qualitative) (include geographic coverage) What is your aspirational target or “dream” level of impact/commitment beyond 2015? How do you consider the scaling‐up potential of the initiative? N/A sections have not been included in this report. 1
http://climateaction.unfccc.int/ All commitments can be found at http://www.un.org/climatechange/summit/wp‐
content/uploads/sites/2/2014/09/AGRICULTURE‐annex.pdf 2
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Annex 2: Other Initiatives
Other initiatives that did not give reports:
•• Africa Climate Smart Agriculture Alliance
•• African Union-Nepad Agriculture Climate Change Programme
•• Encouraging the global coffee sector towards climate smart agriculture
•• Kellogg’s commitment to help improve smallholder livelihoods and climate
resiliency
•• R4 Rural Resilience Initiative Expansion to Malawi and Zambia
•• Climate Smart Agriculture Booster
•• Yield, Income and Climate Gains through Smart Rice Fertilization
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