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UNIT PLAN
Subject Area:
Unit #:
Unit Name:
Physical Science
3
The Structure and Properties of Atoms
Big Idea/Theme:
The properties of an element are determined by the composition of its atoms. As
a result of this composition, elements can be classified into three main types—
metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
Culminating Assessment:
Using the knowledge of atomic structure, build and label a 3D model of the
atom.
Differentiate between the first 18 elements on the Periodic Table and use this
information to create an individual table.
Create a poster, brochure or PowerPoint explaining the discovery and history
of radioactivity, along with a comparison of a stable and unstable isotope and
applications of a selected element.
Unit Understanding(s)
Students will understand that…
Atoms will contain subatomic
particles with regard to mass,
location, and charge
How these particles affect the
properties of an atom
Illustrate the fact that the atoms of
elements exist as stable or unstable
isotopes.
There are trends related to the
arrangement of the periodic table.
Calculate the number of subatomic
particles for a given isotope of an
element.
Determine oxidation numbers base
on valence electrons.
Compare fission and fusion.
Explain the consequences that the
use of nuclear applications can
have.
Unit Essential Question(s):
What are the subatomic particles
(protons, neutrons, electrons) of an
atom?
What role do subatomic particles
play with regard to mass, location,
and charge?
Explain how these particles affect
the properties of an atom (including
identity, mass, volume, and
reactivity).
Compare and contrast atoms of
elements which exist as stable or
unstable isotopes.
What is the role of valence
electrons and atomic numbers in
the organization of the periodic
table?
What are the subatomic particles for
a given isotope of an element using
the atomic number and the mass
number?
What is the predicted oxidation
number of specific elements on the
Periodic Table?
What is the difference between
fission and fusion reactions?
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Including the basic processes and
the fact that both fission and fusion
convert a fraction of the mass of
interacting particles into energy and
release a great amount of energy.
What are consequences of the use
of nuclear applications (including
medical technologies, nuclear
power plants, and nuclear
weapons)?
Atom
Electron
Mass number
Group
Radioactivity
Gamma ray
Geiger counter
Critical mass
Ductile
Nonmetal
Metalloid
Vocabulary
Nucleus
Proton
Quark
Electron cloud
Isotope
Average
atomic mass
Electron dot
Period
diagram
Alpha particle
Transmutation
Half-life
Cloud chamber
Nuclear fission
Tracer
Metallic
bonding
Diatomic
molecule
Allotrope
Nuclear fusion
Metal
Radioactive
elements
Salt
Semiconductor
Neutron
Atomic number
Periodic table
Strong force
Beta particle
Bubble
chamber
Chain reaction
Malleable
Transaction
element
Sublimation
Transuranium
element
Students will know… / Students will be able to…
Identify the names and symbols of common elements.
Identify quarks as subatomic particles of matter.
Describe the electron cloud model of the atom.
Explain how electrons are arranged in an atom.
Compute the atomic mass and mass number of an atom.
Identify the components of isotopes.
Interpret the average atomic mass of an element.
Explain the composition of the periodic table.
Use the periodic table to obtain information.
Explain what the terms metal, nonmetal, and metalloid mean.
Describe the structure of an atom and its nucleus.
Explain what radioactivity is.
Contrast properties of radioactive and stable nuclei.
Discuss the discovery of radioactivity.
Compare and contrast alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
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Define the half-life of radioactive material.
Describe the process of radioactive dating.
Describe how radioactivity can be detected in cloud and bubble chambers.
Explain how an electroscope can be used to detect radiation.
Explain how a Geiger counter can measure nuclear radiation.
Explain nuclear fission and how it can begin a chain reaction.
Discuss how nuclear fusion occurs in the Sun.
Describe how radioactive tracers can be used to diagnose medical
problems.
Discuss how nuclear reactions can help treat cancer.
Describe the properties of a typical metal.
Identify the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
Differentiate among three groups of transition elements.
Recognize hydrogen as a non metal.
Compare and contrast properties of the halogens.
Describe properties and uses of the noble gases.
Distinguish among metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
Describe the nature of allotropes.
Recognize the significance of differences in crystal structure in carbon.
Understand the importance of synthetic elements.
South Carolina Academic Standards:
PS-2.1 Compare the subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) of an
atom with regard to mass, location, and charge, and explain how these
particles affect the properties of an atom (including identity, mass,
volume, and reactivity).
PS-2.2 Illustrate the fact that the atoms of elements exist as stable or unstable
isotopes.
PS-2.3 Explain the trends of the periodic table based on the elements’ valence
electrons and atomic numbers.
PS-2.4 Use the atomic number and the mass number to calculate the number of
protons, neutrons, and/or electrons for a given isotope of an element.
PS-2.5 Predict the charge that a representative element will acquire according
to the arrangement of electrons in its outer energy level.
PS-2.6 Compare fission and fusion (including the basic processes and the fact
that both fission and fusion convert a fraction of the mass of interacting
particles into energy and release a great amount of energy).
PS-2.7 Explain the consequences that the use of nuclear applications (including
medical technologies, nuclear power plants, and nuclear weapons) can
have.
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Interim Assessment (formative)
Class Participation
Exit Slips
Formal/Informal Pre-assessment
Graphic Organizer
Group Work
Laboratory assignments
Notebooks
Projects
Quizzes
Teacher Observations
Tests
Writing assignments
Key Criteria (to meet the standard/rubric) attached:
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Key Criteria (to meet the standard/rubric)
Making A Poster : Matter Poster
CATEGORY
Required
Elements
4
The poster
includes all
required elements
as well as
additional
information.
3
All required
elements are
included on the
poster.
2
All but 1 of the
required elements
is included on the
poster.
1
Several required
elements were
missing.
Content Accuracy
At least 7
accurate facts are
displayed on the
poster.
5-6 accurate facts
are displayed on
the poster.
3-4 accurate facts
are displayed on
the poster.
Less than 3
accurate facts are
displayed on the
poster.
Graphics Relevance
All graphics are
related to the topic
and make it easier
to understand. All
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
All graphics relate
to the topic. Most
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
Graphics do not
relate to the topic
OR several
borrowed graphics
do not have a
source citation.
Labels
All items of
importance on the
poster are clearly
labeled with labels
that can be read
from at least 3 ft.
away.
The poster is
exceptionally
attractive in terms
of design, layout,
and neatness.
All graphics are
related to the topic
and most make it
easier to
understand. All
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
Almost all items of
importance on the
poster are clearly
labeled with labels
that can be read
from at least 3 ft.
away.
The poster is
attractive in terms
of design, layout
and neatness.
Several items of
importance on the
poster are clearly
labeled with labels
that can be read
from at least 3 ft.
away.
The poster is
acceptably
attractive though it
may be a bit
messy.
Labels are too
small to view OR
no important items
were labeled.
Attractiveness
The poster is
distractingly
messy or very
poorly designed. It
is not attractive.
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