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STUDY GUIDE FOR UNIT III: HONORS CHEMISTRY Material from Chapter 4 and Chapter 18 III. Atomic Structure A. History & Development of Atomic Theory i. know major contributors, their experiments, laws and contributions a. Newton, Boyle, Democritus, Lavoisier, Proust, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, Dalton, Faraday B. Subatomic Particles i. major experiments, set-ups, observations, results and contribution to Atomic Theory a. Thomson & Crooke’s Tube b. Goldstein and proton c. Millikan Oil Drop Experiment d. Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment e. Bohr’s Model ii. subatomic particles and their relation to the atom and each other. a. proton, neutron & electron b. quarks and other subatomic particles C. Atomic Number, Mass Number, Atomic Mass, & Isotopes i. know meaning of each and how to use to find out information about the structure of the atom. (such as # of p+’s. n0’s & e–‘s; charges, identities of elements, etc.) ii. how they relate to periodic table iii. how to calculate atomic mass & percent abundance for isotopes. D. Nuclear chemistry i. fusion v. fission ii. how radiation was discovered and by whom iii. where it is found iv. units and how it is measured v. types of radiation- alpha/beta/gamma vi. factors causing damage and typical effects of radiation exposure vii. how a nuclear power plant operates. viii. know the difference between a nuclear power plant and any conventional (coal, oil, gas-fired) power plant. E. Be able to compare and contrast and discuss the changes of all major models of the atom. i. Dalton’s Model ii. Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model a. How it was used to explain formation of cations and anions. iii. Rutherford’s Empty Space Model iv. Bohr’s Planetary Model