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Transcript
• Turn in your enzyme lab from yesterday into the box in the back. • Pick up handout from back and fill out what you know. • SHOW ME your homework (graphic organizer) for credit NOW! • Take out your notebook and turn to the page where it contains the proteins notes • • • • Atoms – C,H,O,P Monomers – glycerol & fatty acids Polymers – none Macromolecule – lipids – – – – Triglyceride (1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids) Phospholipids (1 glycerol + 2 fatty acids) Wax Steroid • Job – provide structure & long term energy. • Atoms – C,H,O,P,N • Monomers – nucleotides (phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base) – Nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine & uracil • Polymers – none • Macromolecule – nucleic acids – DNA & RNA • Job – store and transmit genetic information. • Atoms – C,H,O, (1:2:1 ratio) C6 H12O6 • Monomers – monosaccharide C6 H12O6 – Glucose, galactose & fructose • Polymers – disaccharide – Sucrose, maltose and lactose • Macromolecule – carbohydrate – Starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin • Job – store & provide “quick” energy & provide structure • Atoms – C,H,O,N • Monomers – amino acid (20 different types) • Polymers – amino acid + amino acid = dipeptide • Macromolecule – protein – Keratin, collagen, catalase, insulin, hemoglobin • Job – Too many! 250,000 – one million different types of protein in the human body! 8 categories: – S3CDETT – structural, storage, signal, contractile, defense, enzymes, transport, transcript • Explain the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates. Use the simplest sugar or the monosaccharide. • All carbohydrates contain the atoms – C,H,O, • All carbohydrates will have (1:2:1 ratio) C6 H12 O6 • The monomers, monosaccharide have the simplest ratio - C6 H12 O6 – Examples include : Glucose, galactose & fructose • Regarding its structure, how is a saturated fatty acid different from a unsaturated fatty acid? From a polyunsaturated fatty acid? • Saturated fatty acids have carbons connected to other carbons with a single bond. Saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature. • Unsaturated fatty acids have at least 1 double bond joining one carbon to another carbon. • Unsaturated fatty acids are not solid at room temperature. • Polyunsaturated have MANY double bonds in the fatty acid chain. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature. • The monomers of nucleic acid are nucleotides. A nucleotide has 3 components . Explain how adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil influences the nucleotide. • The 3 components are phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous base can be one of the following: adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil • An amino acid has 5 components. What are the five components. Also explain how it is possible that the human body may have almost a million different types of protein. • An amino acid is composed of an amine group, hydrogen, carboxyl group, central carbon and a “R” group. • 20 different amino acids… • There are 8 different categories of proteins. Identify them and explain the function of each category. • S3CDETT – “S” – storage: This type of proteins are found in seeds and eggs. Provides a source of amino acids for developing plants and animals. – “S” – signal: This type of proteins are responsible for cell communication. Includes insulin & other hormones – “C” – contractile: found mostly in muscle; Responsible for movement. Includes actin and myosin – “D” – defense: Proteins used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. Example includes antibiodies – “E” – enzymes: biological catalysis that speed up chemical reactions. – “T” – transport: Proteins involvement in the movement of ions, molecules and macromolecules. • Look for this handout for more information about proteins! • 1+23 3 + 8 11 • “building” molecules is called dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction. • Monosaccharide + monosaccharide disacchriade + H2O • Amino acid + Amino acid dipepetide + H2O • 95+4 20 11 + 9 • “breaking” molecules is called hydrolysis or digestion. • disacchriade + H2O Monosaccharide + monosaccharide • dipepetide + H2O Amino acid + Amino acid Past due – input this afternoon Past due – input this afternoon due – Friday… exam day! due – Friday… exam day! • Tomorrow – QUIA class work time (20 minutes)… make index card – Pop quiz: no notes – temperature check for exam • (will count as quiz grade) (20 minutes) – Project work day (50 minutes) – Website update