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Macromolecules (Biomolecules) Use your book (section 2-3), your table and your notes to answer the following questions on the back of this sheet or on a separate sheet of paper 1) In order to be considered an organic compound, which element must be present in the compound? List 5 other elements that are often present in the major organic compounds that make up organisms? 2) List the four major types of Macromolecules that are necessary for life. 3) What is the name given to small molecules that make up larger molecules? 4) Listed below are the names of the four major classes of macromolecules as well as their monomers. Match up the monomer(s) with their parent compound: lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, glycerol, monosaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides. 5) How is a polysaccharide different from a monosaccharide? What do they also have in common? 6) If you take a DNA molecule and break it down into smaller pieces that can be reused to make another DNA molecule, what would the smaller pieces be called? 7) What is unique about carbon that allows it to be the central atom in all types of organic compounds? 8) If you digest a lipid (fat), what would it be broken down into? Explain. 9) List three functions of proteins. 10) Describe the structure of an amino acid and draw a picture labeling each region (pg. 47-48 – figure 2-16). Circle the region of the amino acid that is different from one amino acid to another. What is this region called? 11) What types of forces help a protein to keep its shape? 12) List two functions of lipids. 13) Draw the structure of a lipid, labeling the glycerol and the fatty acid chains (see book, chapter 2, pg. 46 figure 2-14) 14) What is the difference between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated one? 15) Glucose is an example of a: a) amino acid b) monosaccharide c) fatty acid d) polysaccharide 16) Starch is a: a) carbohydrate b) protein c) nucleic acid d) lipid 17) Which of the following is a polysaccharide?: a) waxes b) starch c) oils d) RNA 18) Storing genetic information is a function of which type of Macromolecule?