Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
UNIT 1 Section 2.3 Carbon Compounds A. CARBON COMPOUNDS 1. Organic compounds-any substance structurally containing Carbon a) Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen are usually bonded to Carbon B. LARGE CARBON MOLECULES 1. 2. 3. Monomer: single molecular unit Polymer: Macromolecule: C. MOLECULES OF LIFE 1. 4 organic compound classifications: a) b) c) d) Carbohydrates (_______) Proteins (_________) Lipids (_______) Nucleic Acids (_______) D. CARBOHYDRATES 1. 2. 3. Carbohydrates (Carbs.): made of ___________ Name of Carb will end in “ose” 3 types a) b) c) Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides D. CARBOHYDRATES 4. Monosaccharide: a) b) c) Monomer of carbs Simple Sugar Example: _________ ___________ is used for energy to do cell activities D. CARBOHYDRATES 5. Disaccharides: a. b. c. Two Monosaccharides Double sugar Example: Sucrose= E. CARBOHYDRATES 6. Polysaccharide: a) b) Three or more monosaccharides Example: _______(stored sugar) c. Glycogen – animal starch • d. Stored in liver and muscles to provide power and regulate blood sugar levels. Plant starch • Stores energy for future use. Example: potatoes & carrots e. Cellulose • • f. Makes up cell walls: plants Strength, rigidity, flexibility: plants Chitin – exoskeletons of insects 7. FOODS THAT HAVE LOTS OF CARBOHYDRATES FALL INTO 2 CATEGORIES a. Simple carbs b. Sugars Highly processed grains – white bread, white rice, & pasta Complex carbs Whole grain foods, fruits and vegetables E. PROTEINS 1. Used to carry out cell activities like: Muscle contraction Biological reactions Enzymes Antibodies Transportation Structure and Support E. PROTEINS 2. Amino Acids: the building blocks of proteins a) b) R-Group- 20 different Changing the R-Group will change the shape of protein, changing the protein’s _________ E. PROTEINS 3. 4. Peptide Bond: bond formed between _______________ Polypeptide: _______ Amino Acids bonded together F. LIPIDS 1. 2. 3. Lipids (fats): large, nonpolar organic molecules that do not dissolve in water Store energy efficiently Fatty Acids: building blocks of lipids FATTY ACID G. LIPIDS b) Triglycerides: c) Provides more energy than carbs & proteins Phospholipids: Forms cell membrane PHOSPHOLIPID G. LIPIDS Waxes: d) Structural lipids, waterproof, used for protection Steroids: e) Makes up hormones & cholesterol H. NUCLEIC ACIDS Nucleic Acids: contain genetic (hereditary) information 1. Composed of ________ (monomers) DNA (polymer): RNA (polymer):