Engineering Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Metabolism in
... Ach1 that could transfer acetyl units from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. Based on the results a new model was proposed, in which acetyl units are shuttled from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm in the form of acetate. In addition, a collection of Pdc negative strains was constructed and one of them ...
... Ach1 that could transfer acetyl units from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. Based on the results a new model was proposed, in which acetyl units are shuttled from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm in the form of acetate. In addition, a collection of Pdc negative strains was constructed and one of them ...
Bacterial ribosome requires multiple L12 dimers for efficient initiation
... using the recommended protocol from Invitrogen. The resulting EF-G-rho (2 mM) was mixed rapidly with 70S ribosome (0.5 mM) and 100 mM GTP in a stopped-flow instrument. The increase of the fluorescence signal at 590 nm due to binding of the labeled EF-G to the ribosome was followed with time. The curve ...
... using the recommended protocol from Invitrogen. The resulting EF-G-rho (2 mM) was mixed rapidly with 70S ribosome (0.5 mM) and 100 mM GTP in a stopped-flow instrument. The increase of the fluorescence signal at 590 nm due to binding of the labeled EF-G to the ribosome was followed with time. The curve ...
Transcription factor Sp3 is silenced through - IMT
... the ID of Sp3 that is essential for silencing the transcriptional activity of Sp3 in cell culture experiments (Braun et al., 2001). In the course of these studies we realized that this lysine lies within a motif (IKEE, amino acids 422±425 according to Kingsley and Winoto, 1992) that could act as a t ...
... the ID of Sp3 that is essential for silencing the transcriptional activity of Sp3 in cell culture experiments (Braun et al., 2001). In the course of these studies we realized that this lysine lies within a motif (IKEE, amino acids 422±425 according to Kingsley and Winoto, 1992) that could act as a t ...
Queuosine formation in eukaryotic tRNA occurs via a mitochondria
... downstream cryptic donor site to engage with exon 7. The three QTRTD1 splice variants were also identifiable within the Alternative Splicing Database (26), although Qv1 was present only as a 5'- and 3'-partial clone. Interestingly, four clones in the ASD reveal the existence of exonic isoforms for e ...
... downstream cryptic donor site to engage with exon 7. The three QTRTD1 splice variants were also identifiable within the Alternative Splicing Database (26), although Qv1 was present only as a 5'- and 3'-partial clone. Interestingly, four clones in the ASD reveal the existence of exonic isoforms for e ...
Malonate decarboxylase of Pseudomonas putida is composed of
... Klebsiella enzyme, however, was composed of the four subunits K (MdcA), L (MdcD), Q (MdcE), and N (MdcC) lacking MdcH [6]. There are several discrepancies between Pseudomonas enzyme and Klebsiella enzyme in point of the subunit composition and the necessity of the O subunit. The O subunit was suscep ...
... Klebsiella enzyme, however, was composed of the four subunits K (MdcA), L (MdcD), Q (MdcE), and N (MdcC) lacking MdcH [6]. There are several discrepancies between Pseudomonas enzyme and Klebsiella enzyme in point of the subunit composition and the necessity of the O subunit. The O subunit was suscep ...
Structure of bacterial luciferase
... Alignment of the amino acid sequence of the ~ subunit with that of the [3 subunit demonstrates that they share 32% sequence identity, and that the c~ subunit has 31 amino acid residues that are not present in the 13 subunit [2]. The apparent homology of the subunits has suggested that they should ha ...
... Alignment of the amino acid sequence of the ~ subunit with that of the [3 subunit demonstrates that they share 32% sequence identity, and that the c~ subunit has 31 amino acid residues that are not present in the 13 subunit [2]. The apparent homology of the subunits has suggested that they should ha ...
thèse - Université Evry Val d`Essonne
... hypothesis of mitochondrial origin, popularized in the early seventies by Lynn Margulis’s book “the origin of eukaryotic cells”, stating that mitochondria evolved from a bacterial progenitor through symbiosis with an amitochondrial eukaryotic cell. These primitive eukaryotes were formally put in the ...
... hypothesis of mitochondrial origin, popularized in the early seventies by Lynn Margulis’s book “the origin of eukaryotic cells”, stating that mitochondria evolved from a bacterial progenitor through symbiosis with an amitochondrial eukaryotic cell. These primitive eukaryotes were formally put in the ...
Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for Oxidative Phosphorylation
... Molecular Probes offers a range of subunit-specific antibodies for the study of mitochondrial function and dysfunction (Tables 13 and Figure 1), including monoclonal antibodies specific for subunits of human COX (Complex IV) and for representative subunits of human Complexes I, II, III and V. These ...
... Molecular Probes offers a range of subunit-specific antibodies for the study of mitochondrial function and dysfunction (Tables 13 and Figure 1), including monoclonal antibodies specific for subunits of human COX (Complex IV) and for representative subunits of human Complexes I, II, III and V. These ...
4-Dimethylaminopyridine - Sigma
... Litvinenko and Virichenko investigated the acylation of mchloroaniline with benzoyl chloride to the benzanilide. In the presence of a series of tertiary organic bases, these reaction rate constants (shown in parentheses) were observed: 1 4 N,Ndimethylaniline (0.1), triethylamine (0.72), 2,6-dimethyl ...
... Litvinenko and Virichenko investigated the acylation of mchloroaniline with benzoyl chloride to the benzanilide. In the presence of a series of tertiary organic bases, these reaction rate constants (shown in parentheses) were observed: 1 4 N,Ndimethylaniline (0.1), triethylamine (0.72), 2,6-dimethyl ...
Susan Viggiano and Michael S. Cosgrove
... mechanisms for how WRAD increases these activities are not well understood. Although MLL1 has served as a paradigm for the mechanism of action of human SET1 family enzymes, several recent reports suggest different family members are controlled by distinct regulatory mechanisms. For example, although ...
... mechanisms for how WRAD increases these activities are not well understood. Although MLL1 has served as a paradigm for the mechanism of action of human SET1 family enzymes, several recent reports suggest different family members are controlled by distinct regulatory mechanisms. For example, although ...
Identification of the Amino Terminus of Neuronal Ca2
... To determine whether we could detect the shorter isoform of a1E(rbEII) in rat brain, RT-PCR was performed using two different forward primers (labeled 2 and 3 in Fig. 1), located in the 59 noncoding region of rbEII, whose sequence is given in the database, together with the same reverse primer as ab ...
... To determine whether we could detect the shorter isoform of a1E(rbEII) in rat brain, RT-PCR was performed using two different forward primers (labeled 2 and 3 in Fig. 1), located in the 59 noncoding region of rbEII, whose sequence is given in the database, together with the same reverse primer as ab ...
Structure-based design of inhibitors of NS3 serine protease
... of the strands contributed by the NS4A cofactor [10]. The C-terminal region (residues 94–175) contains a six-stranded -barrel that ends with a helix. The active site (His:57, Asp:81 and Ser:139) is located between these two regions and is formed by a shallow solvent exposed pocket requiring many in ...
... of the strands contributed by the NS4A cofactor [10]. The C-terminal region (residues 94–175) contains a six-stranded -barrel that ends with a helix. The active site (His:57, Asp:81 and Ser:139) is located between these two regions and is formed by a shallow solvent exposed pocket requiring many in ...
Mechanistic Role of an NS4A Peptide Cofactor with the Truncated
... the intermolecular consensus sequence site2 D/E-X-X-X-XC*-A/S differs from the intramolecular cleavage site by substitution of Thr for Cys at the P1 position (Grakoui et al., 1993a; Pizzi et al., 1994). A body of experimental evidence demonstrated that the 70 kDa NS3 protein is composed of two domai ...
... the intermolecular consensus sequence site2 D/E-X-X-X-XC*-A/S differs from the intramolecular cleavage site by substitution of Thr for Cys at the P1 position (Grakoui et al., 1993a; Pizzi et al., 1994). A body of experimental evidence demonstrated that the 70 kDa NS3 protein is composed of two domai ...
SNAREs
... endomembrane system, through the formation of complexes between SNAREs on vesicles and SNAREs on organellar membranes. This association of SNAREs in trans is thought to be important in bringing the vesicle and organellar membranes close enough together to facilitate membrane fusion. In general, the ...
... endomembrane system, through the formation of complexes between SNAREs on vesicles and SNAREs on organellar membranes. This association of SNAREs in trans is thought to be important in bringing the vesicle and organellar membranes close enough together to facilitate membrane fusion. In general, the ...
Structure and Function of Mammalian Ribosomes
... posed great difficulties. Most mammalian ribosomesfrom tissue or cultured cells are isolated in the form of messengerRNA-ribosome complexescarrying peptidyl-transfer RNA. Depending upon the isolation procedure and the tissue source, these complexes may be intact polysomes, highly active in in vitro ...
... posed great difficulties. Most mammalian ribosomesfrom tissue or cultured cells are isolated in the form of messengerRNA-ribosome complexescarrying peptidyl-transfer RNA. Depending upon the isolation procedure and the tissue source, these complexes may be intact polysomes, highly active in in vitro ...
Identification of two amino acid residues which - Wiley-VCH
... a crystallized enzyme-substrate complex of the related enzyme chitobiase. The model contains a central hydrophilic region referred to as the “substrate cavity”. Figure 2 shows only this portion of the proposed structure. The three residues implicated in active site function cluster on the “left” sid ...
... a crystallized enzyme-substrate complex of the related enzyme chitobiase. The model contains a central hydrophilic region referred to as the “substrate cavity”. Figure 2 shows only this portion of the proposed structure. The three residues implicated in active site function cluster on the “left” sid ...
Chapter 28 Amino acids, Peptides, and Proteins
... • Structural information can be obtained by cleaving some, but not all, of the amide bonds in a peptide. • Peptides can by hydrolyzed at specific sites using enzymes. • The enzyme carboxypeptidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide bond nearest the C-terminal end, forming the C-terminal amino ...
... • Structural information can be obtained by cleaving some, but not all, of the amide bonds in a peptide. • Peptides can by hydrolyzed at specific sites using enzymes. • The enzyme carboxypeptidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide bond nearest the C-terminal end, forming the C-terminal amino ...
Molecular Characterisation of the 76 kDa Iron
... Genes encoding subunits of complex I (EC 1.6.5.3) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain vary in their locations between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in different organisms, whereas genes for a homologous multisubunit complex in chloroplasts have to date only been found on the plastid genom ...
... Genes encoding subunits of complex I (EC 1.6.5.3) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain vary in their locations between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in different organisms, whereas genes for a homologous multisubunit complex in chloroplasts have to date only been found on the plastid genom ...
Full-Text PDF
... Abstract: A new and highly efficient method mediated by tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) triflate for activating both simple and highly hindered anhydrides in the acylation of alcohols and polyols is described. This new acylation method is mild and mostly proceeds at room temperature with low catalys ...
... Abstract: A new and highly efficient method mediated by tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) triflate for activating both simple and highly hindered anhydrides in the acylation of alcohols and polyols is described. This new acylation method is mild and mostly proceeds at room temperature with low catalys ...
MPN+, a putative catalytic motif found in a subset of MPN domain
... 1). These proteins are the shortest MPN protein identified so far and most likely correspond to the structural core region of the domain. Since the finding of prokaryotic MPN proteins was highly unexpected, the validity of the assignment was confirmed by profile searches starting from the bacterioph ...
... 1). These proteins are the shortest MPN protein identified so far and most likely correspond to the structural core region of the domain. Since the finding of prokaryotic MPN proteins was highly unexpected, the validity of the assignment was confirmed by profile searches starting from the bacterioph ...
In Silico Prediction of the Peroxisomal Proteome in Fungi, Plants
... decision tree to sort proteins among several different compartments. In PSORT, the PTS1 motif [AS][HKR]-L is used as a marker for peroxisomal location along with amino acid composition over the entire protein. The performance on peroxisomal proteins is modest, in the sense that many peroxisomal prot ...
... decision tree to sort proteins among several different compartments. In PSORT, the PTS1 motif [AS][HKR]-L is used as a marker for peroxisomal location along with amino acid composition over the entire protein. The performance on peroxisomal proteins is modest, in the sense that many peroxisomal prot ...
Transporters of nucleotide sugars, nucleotide
... nucleotide sugar transporters, by analogy to glycosyltransferases, may not always yield interpretable results. The extent to which constructs expressed in one cell line or organism will localize to the same organelle in another cell line or organism must be determined. Do transporters recycle betwee ...
... nucleotide sugar transporters, by analogy to glycosyltransferases, may not always yield interpretable results. The extent to which constructs expressed in one cell line or organism will localize to the same organelle in another cell line or organism must be determined. Do transporters recycle betwee ...
Tetrahymena Contain Two Distinct and Unusual High Mobility Group
... each other or any other macronuclear polypeptide in immunoblotting analyses. As well, LG-1 and LG-2 antibodies do not react with calf thymus, chicken, or yeast HMG proteins. Consistent with these results, a 47 amino-terminal sequence of LG-1 has been determined that shows limited homology to both ca ...
... each other or any other macronuclear polypeptide in immunoblotting analyses. As well, LG-1 and LG-2 antibodies do not react with calf thymus, chicken, or yeast HMG proteins. Consistent with these results, a 47 amino-terminal sequence of LG-1 has been determined that shows limited homology to both ca ...
tubulin - Journal of Cell Science
... The sequences of porcine α and β-tubulin (used for the electron crystallographic atomic model) were compared to human γ, δ, and εtubulin and Methanococcus jannaschii (M. jan) FtsZ. The sequences were initially aligned using ClustalW 1.8 (Thompson et al., 1994) and subsequently manually amended to be ...
... The sequences of porcine α and β-tubulin (used for the electron crystallographic atomic model) were compared to human γ, δ, and εtubulin and Methanococcus jannaschii (M. jan) FtsZ. The sequences were initially aligned using ClustalW 1.8 (Thompson et al., 1994) and subsequently manually amended to be ...
The p101 subunit of PI3Kγ restores activation by Gβ mutants
... signals into the principle product PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in order to control a plethora of fundamental cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, growth and chemotaxis [1–8]. On the basis of their structural features and modes of regulation, class I PI3Ks have been grouped into the clas ...
... signals into the principle product PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in order to control a plethora of fundamental cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, growth and chemotaxis [1–8]. On the basis of their structural features and modes of regulation, class I PI3Ks have been grouped into the clas ...
Acetylation
Acetylation (or in IUPAC nomenclature ethanoylation) describes a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound. (Deacetylation is the removal of the acetyl group.)Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, namely the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH3 CO) yields a specific ester, the acetate. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups. For example, it is used in the synthesis of aspirin and heroin.