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Basics of Anatomy and Physiology Amy L. Beard Levels of Organization Body Cavities – not the ones in your teeth • Dorsal Cavity – Cranial Cavity and Vertebral Canal • Ventral Cavity – Thoracic Cavity, Diaphragm and Abdominopelvic Cavity • Oral Cavity • Nasal Cavity • Orbital Cavities • Middle Ear Cavities More Cavities • Abdominopelvic Cavity – Abdominal and Pelvic Cavities • Synovial Cavity – surrounds freely moveable joints Pictures of Cavities – How many faces do you see? http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/anatomy1textbook/abdominopelvicregions.gif What organs belong to which cavity? • Thoracic Cavity – Heart, lungs • Abdominal Cavity – Stomach, liver, spleen, gall bladder, kidneys, most of small and large intestines • Pelvic Cavity - Terminal portion of the large intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs Ventral Cavity Cranial Cavity Diaphragm Abdominal Cavity Pelvic Cavity Pericardial Cavity Pleural Cavity Mediastinum Thoracic Cavity Vertebral Canal http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCavity_label.jpg Dorsal Cavity Cranial Cavity Diaphragm Pelvic Cavity Abdominal Cavity Vertebral Canal Thoracic Cavity http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCavity2_label.jpg Body Planes • • • • Sagittal Transverse Coronal - Frontal Oblique http://www.yachigusaryu.com/blog/pics/top_ten_principles/10/image003.jpg Body Sections • Axial – Head, Neck and Trunk • Appendicular – Upper and Lower Limbs Axial Appendicular http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/append.gif http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/axial.gif Relative Positions • Anatomical Position – Standing erect, face and plams are facing forward • Superior • Inferior • Anterior • Posterior • Medial • Lateral • Proximal • Distal • Superficial • Deep Protective Membranes • Serosa (serous membrane) – covers the walls of the ventral cavity and the outer sufraces of organs • Parietal Serosa – lines the cavity walls – this folds on itself to form the Visceral Serosa, covering the organs in the cavity • Serous fluid – separates serous membranes – not air
