Download Taxonomy and Virus Review Answer Key File

Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
1. Explain why taxonomy is a valid system scientists use to classify organisms.
Scientists use adaptations that organisms contain that differentiate them from other species. Further,
scientists do not classify organisms as independent species unless they are unable to interbreed with
their closest living ancestor.
2. Explain what a taxon is and why are there eight of them.
Taxons are different levels of taxonomic organization and get increasingly specific as they advance.
3. In the table below, list the defining characteristics of the six kingdoms and give two examples of
each organism.
Characteristics
Eukaryotic, multicellular, macroscopic, mobile,
heterotrophic, no cell wall
Organism Examples
Insects, whale, tiger, human
Plantae
Eukaryotic, multicellular, macroscopic, immobile,
autotrophic, cell wall made of cellulose, enlarged
vacuole, chloroplasts present
Lilly, fir tree, ivy
Protista
Eukaryotic, uni or multicellular, micro or
macroscopic, mobile or immobile, autotrophic or
heterotrophic
Protozoa, diatoms, algae, slime
mold
Fungi
Eukaryotic, multicellular, macroscopic, immobile,
heterotrophic, cell wall made of chitin,
decomposer,
Mushrooms, penicillin producing
fungus
Bacteria
prokaryotic, unicellular, microscopic, mobile,
heterotrophic, cell wall
Streptococcus, bacilli, spirilli
Archaebacteria
prokaryotic, multicellular, microscopic, mobile,
heterotrophic, no cell wall,
Halophiles, thermophiles,
proteobacteria
Animalia
Animalia
4. Which Kingdom do the organisms below belong to?
Animalia
Eubacteria
Protista
Animalia
protista
Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
5. Which two kingdoms only contain prokaryotic organisms?
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria
6. Compare and contrast Plant, Animal, and Fungal Cells in the Venn Diagram below.
Plant
Animal
Photosynthesis,
autotrophs, Large
vacuole, Chloroplast,
cellulose cell wall,
Sexual
Reproduction
Mobile, no cell wall,
Eukaryotes,
Multicellular,
cell respiration
Cell Wall
Immobile, Asexual
reproduction
Heterotrophic
Fungus
Cell Wall Chitin
Decomposer, Can be unicellular,
7. Match the description with the kingdom below.
Animalia
This organism must hunt for its prey making it heterotrophic. It is barely
visible with the naked eye and it reproduces asexually.
Protista
Outside of gathering sunlight for food, there are many extraordinary features
of this organism. Its cell walls are rigid among other things.
Bacteria
This organism mimics its surroundings in an act called camouflage. It hides
from its predators and hunts during the night time. It is multicellular and
eukaryotic.
Fungi
Plantae
This organism is not very complex. It contains a plasmid and cilia.
This organism is heterotrophic and immobile. It has a squishy cell wall called
chitin.
Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
8. The graphic below gives the taxonomic classifications for four different species. Explain how you
know that one organism is an outlier.
Corn is the outlier because it does not belong in the same kingdom as the other three organisms.
9. Why is it necessary that every organism on Earth contain two names?
Scientists use two names to identify different species in order to have enough combinations for
the vast number of species that are out there.
10. Give two forms of the correct binomial nomenclature for the human species.
Homo sapien Homo sapien
11. Give the criteria for differentiating two species when they have very similar physical features.
Two organsism that are similar are considered different species when they are unable to
interbreed.
12. According to the cladogram below, which organism is most closely related to chlorophyta?
heptaphyta
13. What do the forks in the graph represent?
Forks in the graph represent speciation as a
result of a newly acquired adaptation.
Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
14. Which organisms from the graphic have remained unchanged for the longest period of time?
Euglenophyta, myxomycota, dictyostelio
15.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Use the dichotomous key to identify the listed organisms 1-8.
Canis familiaris
5. Pinus ponderosa
Taraxicum officinale
6. Balantidium sp
Passer domesticus
7. Ophiophagus hannah
Monodon monoceros
8. Stentor sp
Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
Viruses
DNA
Envelope
Label the virus pictured. Then answer the following
questions.
16. What do both viruses and cells have in
common? Both have DNA or RNA
17. What do viruses need in order to
reproduce?Viruses must have a host cell to
reproduce
18. Is the shape to the left the only shape that a
virus comes in? No, viruses come in many different
shapes.
Capsid
19. Draw 2 more viruses that do not look like the one pictured.
20. Explain why a virus cannot reproduce on its own. Viruses lack the organelles needed to perform
life functions. They do not have the ability to make protein, use energy or grow. They must use
the machinery of the cell to be able to do those things.
Biology Taxonomy Test Revie
Name:
Period:
21. Draw the cycle for a virus infecting a cell. Give a brief description of what is happening at each
step.Step A= Virus attaches to host cell. Step B=virus injects DNA into the host cell. Step C= Cell
makes new viral proteins. Step D= Cell assembles new viruses. Step E= New viruses are released
as the cell bursts
22.
23. What type of cell does the HIV virus infect? What happens to the immune system of people with
HIV virus?HIV infects white blood cells. White blood cells are part of the immune system. A
lowered immunity leads to secondary infections
24. AIDS is short for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. What does it mean to have AIDS? AIDS
means that your immune system has lost it's ability to protect you from pathogens and diseases.