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BLA Biology
Week 34
COPY DATE, TOPIC & OBJECTIVE ON PG. 32
Date: 5.23.16
Topic: Genetic Disorders
Objective: SWBAT perform pedigree analysis & understand patterns of biological
inheritance by modeling & discussing differences between sex-linked and autosomal
traits.
COPY & ANS.DO-NOW, COPY EXIT TICKET & HW ON PG. 31
Do Now: Update TOC
1. Based on your HW ”Gift from your parents” p. 423 which gender seems
more likely to be affected with hemophilia? Can boys be carriers? Why?
Making sense of a pedigree chart:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMrzB9hlaPA
HW: 1) Complete ET
2) Read and annotate Holt packet Answer Qs. 1,2,3,5,6,7,8
Exit Ticket: Summarize everything you learnt in class today in 3-5 sentences.
Create and practice a pedigree tree for a genetic disorder of your choice (ex.
Color blindness)
Genetic Disorders
• Hemophilia: X-linked recessive (more common in males)
(https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hemophilia#)
• Color Blindness: X-linked recessive (more common in
males) (https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/color-vision-deficiency)
• Huntington’s disease: Autosomal dominant disorder
(chromosome 4) (https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/huntingtondisease#)
• Sickle Cell disease: Autosomal recessive (Chromosome 11)
(https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/sickle-cell-disease#)
• Cystic Fibrosis: Autosomal recessive (Chromosome 7)
(https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/cystic-fibrosis#)
COPY DATE, TOPIC & OBJECTIVE ON PG. 34
Date: 5.24.16
Topic: Genetic Disorders (Contd.) and Blood type inheritance (Multiple alleles)
Objective: SWBAT 1) Continue to perform pedigree analysis & understand
patterns of biological inheritance by modeling & discussing differences between
sex-linked and autosomal traits.
2) Understand blood type inheritance
COPY & ANS.DO-NOW, COPY EXIT TICKET & HW ON PG. 33
Do Now: Update TOC
1. Refer to Do Now Wksht. and answer the related questions on the Pg.33
I. DN Debrief
II. Autosomal dominant inheritance
III. Autosomal recessive inheritance
IV. Blood type inheritance (multiple alleles) [Blood Type inheritance video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nykVH9Z7Gw8)
HW: 1) Complete ET
2) Read Incomplete Dominance (pg. 514-515) and take down notes in your
science journal
Exit Ticket: Make your own!
COPY DATE, TOPIC & OBJECTIVE ON PG. 36
Date: 5.25.16
Topic: Incomplete & Co-dominance; Mendel’s Laws
Objective: SWBAT 1) review Incomplete and Co-dominance using examples
from the plant and animal kingdom
2) Understand Mendel’s Law of inheritance
COPY & ANS.DO-NOW, COPY EXIT TICKET & HW ON PG. 35
Do Now: Update TOC
A round yellow homozygous pea plant (RRYY) is crossed with a wrinkled green
homozygous pea plant (rryy). What is the genotype and phenotype of offsprings
produced in the F1 generation? If the offsprings of the F1 generation are cross
among each other what is the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offsprings
produced in the F2 generation? (Note: Use a Punnett square for F2)
HW: 1) Complete ET
2) Complete Incomplete and Co-dominance Word problems
Exit Ticket: Name and describe Mendel’s First and Second Laws of
Inheritance.
• Snapdragons
HUH?
http://www.dobermann-review.com/info/genetics/mendels_genetic_laws/Gregor%20Mendel.jpg
http://faculty.pnc.edu/pwilkin/incompdominance.jpg
Incomplete Dominance
• Neither allele is completely dominant over
the other allele.
• A heterozygous phenotype
– A mixture or blending of the two
Four-o’ clock flowers
• Incomplete dominance
• Neither Red (R)
• or White (W) is dominant
When a homozygous red flower (RR)
Mix with a homozygous white flower (WW),
the alleles blend in the hybrid (RW) to
produce pink flowers
Andalusian Chickens
• Incomplete dominance
• Neither Black (B) or
White (W) are dominant
The offspring of a black feathered chicken
(BB) and a white feathered chicken (WW)
are blue (BW) – BLUE HEN!!
Codominance
• Two equally dominant alleles are
expressed at the same time.
• Heterozygous phenotype will have both
phenotypes visible
Codominance
• Two equally dominant alleles are
expressed at the same time.
• Heterozygous phenotype will have both
phenotypes visible
Shorthorn Cattle
• Co- dominance
• Homozygous red (RR)
• Homozygous white (WW)
The offspring of will have both red and white
hairs (RW)
The offspring are heterozygous and called
“roan”
Roan Horse
http://search.vadlo.com/b/q?rel=2&keys=Dominance+Incomplete+Dominance+Codominance+PPT
Let’s Stop and Think…
• Let’s say there are two alleles for
the hair color trait- red and blue
– What would be the resulting
phenotype of a heterozygous pair if
the alleles showed incomplete
dominance?
•
•
•
•
A.
B.
C.
D.
Red
Blue
Purple
Red and Blue patches
Let’s Stop and Think…
Let’s say there are two alleles for
the hair color trait- red and blue
What would be the resulting
phenotype of a heterozygous pair if
the alleles showed codominance?
 A.
 B.
 C.
 D.
Red
Blue
Purple
Red and Blue patches
MULTIPLE ALLELISM
• When there is more than 2 alleles possible
for a given gene.
• Allows for a larger number of genetic and
phenotypic possibilities.
Blood types are A, B, O, and AB.
AB blood is a co-dominant trait.
Both the A blood and the B blood need to be dominant
in order to make a combination of co-dominant blood
types, which is AB.

IA
IA
IA
i
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii


IB
IA IB IBIA IB
IA IB
IB i


IB
i
IA IB
IA IB
IA i
ii
Codominance & Multiple Alleles
BLOOD
TYPE
A
IAIA , I Ai
B
IBIB , IBi
AB
O
• Human blood type is
an example of both
A, O
codominance and a
trait with multiple
B, O
alleles.
A, B, AB, O • AB = universal
acceptor
O
• O = universal donor
GENOTYPE CAN RECIVE
BLOOD FROM
IAIB
ii
Rhesus Factor
• The Rhesus factor, also
known as the Rh factor, gets
its name from experiments
conducted in 1937 by
scientists Karl Landsteiner
and Alexander S. Weiner.
• Involved Rabbits which
when injected with the
Rhesus monkey’s red blood
cells, produced an antigen
present in the red blood
cells of many humans
http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/latimesblogs.latimes.com/img/E0C83714-56E5-4757-B9F1-604FCE5643C3
Rhesus Factor
• The Rhesus factor is an antigen, or more
specifically a protein, that exists on the
surface of red blood cells.
• If a person has either two (+) genes for Rh
or one (+) and one (-) Rh gene, they will
test Rh(+). A person will be negative only if
they have 2 (-).
Relevance of Rh Factor & ABO Typing?
• It is very important in terms of babies:
E.g. an Rh(-) mother may make antibody against
an Rh(+) fetus if the baby gets a (+) gene from
its father (Obstetricians screen pregnant women
for this problem with blood tests).
• The ABO and RH genes are only two of many
blood antigens that are present on human red
cells and must be matched up for successful
blood transfusions.
Multifactorial
• Referring to control of the expression of a
trait by several genes and environmental
factors.
• Many multifactorial traits show continuous
distribution.
Multifactorial
• E.g. Human height 
usually between
120cm and 200cm,
however these genes
cannot be fully
expressed without all
the necessary
nutrients from a
healthy diet
http://www.babble.com/CS/blogs/droolicious/menace-height.jpg
COPY DATE, TOPIC & OBJECTIVE ON PG. 38
Date: 5.26.16
Topic: Meiosis (Reduction Division)
Objective: SWBAT understand independent assortment of alleles during meiosis
via animation text, diagrams and connect these concepts with crossing over
during meiosis.
COPY & ANS.DO-NOW, COPY EXIT TICKET & HW ON PG. 37
Do Now: Update TOC
1) What is the relationship between DNA and Chromosomes? How many
chromosomes are in your gametes and why?
CW: Ameoba Sisters Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toWK0fIyFlY
Meiosis Wksht and Pkt.
HW: 1) Complete ET
2) Read Essay “Meiosis” (BSCS_Pg.502-506) and take down DETAILED notes
in your journal
Exit Ticket: Answer Meiosis Summary Questions from the Meiosis packet
(Refer pg.4)
COPY DATE, TOPIC & OBJECTIVE ON PG. 40
Date: 5.27.16
Topic: 1) Meiosis 2) Term 4 CER
Objective: SWBAT 1) continue understanding independent assortment of alleles
during meiosis via animation text, diagrams and connect these concepts with
crossing over during meiosis
2) Brainstorm Term 4 CER
COPY & ANS.DO-NOW, COPY EXIT TICKET & HW ON PG. 39
Do Now: Update TOC
Read the Term 4 CER prompt to its entirety. Come up with a claim statement
and write in the place provided.
.
HW: 1) Complete ET
2) Complete Term 4 CER
3) Read “DNA Structure” pkt and answer section 2 review Qs in your journal
4) Read “DNA – The Double Helix”. Color the related diagrams and answer
DNA Double Helix reading Qs.
Exit Ticket: Summarize everything we learnt during the past two days in 8-10
sentences.
Inheritance and environment
10
Discrete OR Discontinuous variation shows that there are
clear cut differences between some characteristics
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
discontinuous
variation
•
•
•
a single gene gives the characteristic
and the gene is operating with no environmental effects.
Ex. Height of Pea plants (Either tall or short)
Continuous variation
Much of the variation that occurs within a species is to with height, mass, size or
shape. Characteristics that do not fall easily into groups.
6
5.5
5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
continuous
variation
9
Continuous variation shows that:
• either many genes give the characteristic
• or the gene or genes are operating with environmental
effects.
• Ex. Skin color