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Vocabulary
Heat
Heat
• The energy that is transferred from one
body to another because of a
temperature difference
Temperature
• A Measure of the average kinetic
energy of particles in matter;
temperature determines the direction of
heat transfer
Calorie
• The quantity of heat that raises the
temperature of 1 g of pure water 1 ºC
Btu
• British Thermal Unit- quantity of heat
required to raise the temperature of one
pound of water one degree Fahrenheit
Conduction
• The process of transferring heat
Convection
• The transfer of heat through circulation
of different temperatures of fluids,
density differences cause
Radiation
• The transfer of energy (heat) through
matter or space by waves
Celcius
• Metric temperature scale
Fahrenheit
• English temperature unit
Kelvin
• SI unit of Temperature
• 0K=-273 Celcius = -459F
Heat of Vaporization
• The amount of heat needed to change
the state of a substance from a liquid to
a gas
Freezing Point
• Temperature where a liquid changes to
a solid
Change of phase
• Transition b/n solid, liquid, or gas
Specific heat
• The amount of energy needed to raise
the tempertature of 1 kilogram of a
material 1 degree Celcius
Thermal Energy
• The total energy of particles in a
material, including both kinetic and
potential energy
Boiling
• The temperature where vapor bubbles
form in a liquid and rise to the surface,
increasing evaporation
Expansion
• The process of a substance increasing
in volume due to being heatedmolecules move further apart
Contraction
• The process of a substances volume
becoming smaller as it cools- molecules
move closer together
Absolute Zero
• Temperature where all movement
ceases
• Equal to -273 degrees Celcius or -459
Fahrenheit
Heat of Fusion
• Amount of energy needed to change a
substance from a solid to a liquid state
100/212
• Boiling points of water in
Celcius/Fahrenheit
0/32
• Freezing point of water in
Celcius/Fahrenheit
Insulator
• A material that heat cannot move
through easily
Calorimeter
• Instrument used to measure changes in
thermal energy
Evaporation
• Change of state of a substance from a
liquid to a gas
Condensation
• Change of state of a substance from a
gas to a liquid
Combustion
• A chemical reaction that creates heatrapid burning
Thermometer
• Instrument used to measure heat or
kinetic energy
Matter
• Anything that has mass and takes up
space
Conductor
• Substance that allows heat to move
easily through it
Kinetic Molecular Theory
• All matter is made up up tiny particles
that are in constant motion