Download Name: Date: Chapter 8-Lesson 3-5: Energy Transformations and

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Chapter 8-Lesson 3-5: Energy Transformations and Conservation/Temperature
Thermal Energy, and Heat/ The Transfer of Heat-Study Guide-Answer Key
Define the following:
energy transformationa change of one form of energy to another
law of conservation of energythe rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed
temperaturea measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance
Fahrenheit scaleThe temperature scale on which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees
Celsius scaleThe temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees
Kelvin scaleThe temperature scale on which zero is the temperature at which no more energy can be
removed from matter
absolute zerothe temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter
heatthe transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object
convectionthe transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid
convection currentthe movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from
one part of the fluid to another
radiationthe transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
conductionthe transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate response.
1. A cell phone transforms electrical energy to ______electromagnetic____________
energy.
2. The transformation between potential and ____kinetic__________ energy is one of
the most common energy transformations.
3. Transformations between kinetic and potential energy can also occur in any object that
____rises_________ or falls.
4. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be
___created____________ or destroyed.
5. Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are divided into _____degrees___________.
6. ___Temperature__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the
individual particles in an object.
7. Heat is measured in the units of energy: _____joules_________.
8. Heat is transferred from ____warmer________ areas to _____cooler________
areas by conduction, convection, and radiation.
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
9. Describe the energy transformation that occurs in a waterfall.
Gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
10. What are the two factors that determine an object’s thermal energy.
The two factors that determine an object’s thermal energy are temperature and the
number of particles an object has.
11. Why are most cooking pots wide? Use conduction to explain.
A wide base allows the most particles in the pot to collide with the burner’s particles and
heat through conduction.