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Name:_______________________________________ Date:___________________ Chapter 8-Lesson 3-5: Energy Transformations and Conservation/Temperature Thermal Energy, and Heat/ The Transfer of Heat-Study Guide-Answer Key Define the following: energy transformationa change of one form of energy to another law of conservation of energythe rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed temperaturea measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance Fahrenheit scaleThe temperature scale on which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees Celsius scaleThe temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees Kelvin scaleThe temperature scale on which zero is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter absolute zerothe temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter heatthe transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object convectionthe transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid convection currentthe movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another radiationthe transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves conductionthe transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another Fill in the blanks with the appropriate response. 1. A cell phone transforms electrical energy to ______electromagnetic____________ energy. 2. The transformation between potential and ____kinetic__________ energy is one of the most common energy transformations. 3. Transformations between kinetic and potential energy can also occur in any object that ____rises_________ or falls. 4. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be ___created____________ or destroyed. 5. Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are divided into _____degrees___________. 6. ___Temperature__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in an object. 7. Heat is measured in the units of energy: _____joules_________. 8. Heat is transferred from ____warmer________ areas to _____cooler________ areas by conduction, convection, and radiation. Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 9. Describe the energy transformation that occurs in a waterfall. Gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy. 10. What are the two factors that determine an object’s thermal energy. The two factors that determine an object’s thermal energy are temperature and the number of particles an object has. 11. Why are most cooking pots wide? Use conduction to explain. A wide base allows the most particles in the pot to collide with the burner’s particles and heat through conduction.