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Transcript
Tuesday 4-9-13 • Do Now: What are the biggest and smallest planets? • I can explain the phases of the moon. Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-JupiterSaturn-Uranus-Neptune • Mercury -58,000,000 km – 0.4 AU • Venus – 108,000,000 km- .7 AU • Earth – 150,000,000 km – 1.0 AU • Mars – 227,000,000 – 1.5 AU • Jupiter – 778,000,000 – 5.2 AU • Saturn – 1,429,000,000 – 9.5 • Uranus – 2,869,000 000 – 19 • Neptune 4505,000,000 – 30 AU Our Solar System Our solar system is made up of: • Sun • Eight planets (+moons) • Asteroids, Comets, Plutoids Inner Planets The inner four rocky planets at the center of the solar system are: • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars Mercury • Planet nearest the sun • Covered with craters • Has no moons or rings • About size of Earth’s moon Venus • Sister planet to Earth • Has no moons or rings • Hot, thick atmosphere Earth • Third planet from sun • Only planet known to have life and liquid water • Atmosphere composed of composed of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), and other gases (1%). Mars • Fourth planet from sun • Appears as bright reddish color in the night sky • Surface features volcanoes and huge dust storms Outer Planets The outer planets composed of gas are : • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune Jupiter • Largest planet in solar system • Brightest planet in sky • Giant red spot Saturn • • • • 6th planet from sun Beautiful set of rings Largest moon, Titan, Voyager explored Saturn and its rings. Uranus • 7th planet from sun • Covered with clouds • Uranus sits on its side with the north and south poles sticking out the sides. Neptune • 8th planet from sun • Triton largest moon • Great Dark Spot thought to be a hole, similar to the hole in the ozone layer on Earth Outermost Planet? • Pluto –Mostly ice –Smaller than Moon. • Never visited by spacecraft • Orbits very slowly • Moon, Charon, is very close to Pluto and about the same size • 2006-”plutoid” Asteroids • Between Mars and Jupiter • 100,000 rocky bodies • Left over from the beginning of the solar system? • Largest asteroids have been given names Comets • Eccentric orbit around sun • Central mass covered in ice • Trails icy dust Hailey’s Comet Asteroid belt Kuiper belt • Trillions of objects • 30-50 AU from sun • Icy objects • Pluto is a part Kuiper belt Oort cloud • 50-100,000 AU from the sun? • 2 trillion comets • Small icy bodies • Travel past the Sun • Give off gas and dust as they pass by Oort Cloud Milky way • 120,00 light years across • 12,000 light year bulge in middle • 200-400 billion stars • 90% dark matter Milky Way Interactive: http://workshop.chromeexperiments.com/stars/ Our universe Mason MS is in the Virgo Supercluster Gravity-Holding it all together •What happens if the mass of the center object increases or decreases? •What if the distance of the orbiting object increases or decreases? Phases of the moon Phases of the moon Lunar and solar eclipse Lunar Solar Making planets: Q.#4 Must have diagrams complete • Use the balloon as a scale model for the sun (30 cm) • Calculate the scaled size of all the planets and record. • Use play-dough to make the planets to scale • Answer: How many cm from Earth to sun? Doing the math • 30 cm = 1,390,000 km • 1cm = __________km Tomorrow Phases of the moon Exit 1. Write the LT in your own words. 2. What was the most important thing you learned today? 3. What are still the most unsure about?