Professor Comet: April, 2017
... The only important fact are the particles within the solar wind and the comet plunging thru it will force a massive buildup of particles between the bow shock and the cometopause (the boundary of the comet’s induced magnetic field) forming the outer boundary of influence for the outer coma! This thi ...
... The only important fact are the particles within the solar wind and the comet plunging thru it will force a massive buildup of particles between the bow shock and the cometopause (the boundary of the comet’s induced magnetic field) forming the outer boundary of influence for the outer coma! This thi ...
CHAPTER 1 Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
... – Some stony meteorites that have been strongly heated appear to have come from the mantles and surfaces of such bodies. – The stony-iron meteorites apparently come from the boundary where the stony mantle meets the iron core. – Chondrites are probably fragments of smaller bodies that never melted. ...
... – Some stony meteorites that have been strongly heated appear to have come from the mantles and surfaces of such bodies. – The stony-iron meteorites apparently come from the boundary where the stony mantle meets the iron core. – Chondrites are probably fragments of smaller bodies that never melted. ...
Professor Comet: March, 2017
... The only important fact are the particles within the solar wind and the comet plunging thru it will force a massive buildup of particles between the bow shock and the cometopause (the boundary of the comet’s induced magnetic field) forming the outer boundary of influence for the outer coma! This thi ...
... The only important fact are the particles within the solar wind and the comet plunging thru it will force a massive buildup of particles between the bow shock and the cometopause (the boundary of the comet’s induced magnetic field) forming the outer boundary of influence for the outer coma! This thi ...
The Problem with Pluto
... predicted by astronomer Percival Lowell (1915), known for his theory of Martian canals. Planet X was a body theorized to be more massive than Earth, orbiting beyond Neptune and causing the perturbation astronomers had observed in Uranus’s orbit. The search for this Planet X began in 1905 and was not ...
... predicted by astronomer Percival Lowell (1915), known for his theory of Martian canals. Planet X was a body theorized to be more massive than Earth, orbiting beyond Neptune and causing the perturbation astronomers had observed in Uranus’s orbit. The search for this Planet X began in 1905 and was not ...
Making More Terrestrial Planets
... and fourth batches on the other, should bracket the range of likely outcomes of the runaway growth stage. The initial eccentricities and inclinations for these simulations were chosen randomly in the range 0 < e < e0 and 0 < i < i 0 . In simulations 01, 02, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32, e0 = 0.01 and ...
... and fourth batches on the other, should bracket the range of likely outcomes of the runaway growth stage. The initial eccentricities and inclinations for these simulations were chosen randomly in the range 0 < e < e0 and 0 < i < i 0 . In simulations 01, 02, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, and 32, e0 = 0.01 and ...
Accretion of Uranus and Neptune from inward
... for the planetary embryos, enhanced surface density of the gas, the presence of a planet trap at the edge of Saturn’s gap and of turbulence in the disk. In the simulations that considered no planet trap, but only a reduced type I migration speed for planetary embryos (with a reduction factor relativ ...
... for the planetary embryos, enhanced surface density of the gas, the presence of a planet trap at the edge of Saturn’s gap and of turbulence in the disk. In the simulations that considered no planet trap, but only a reduced type I migration speed for planetary embryos (with a reduction factor relativ ...
dynamical history of the asteroid belt and implications for terrestrial
... to past events in solar system history. Evidence from the structure of the Kuiper belt, an icy debris belt beyond Neptune, suggests that the giant planets were born in a more compact configuration and later experienced planetesimal-driven planet migration. Giant planet migration caused both mean mot ...
... to past events in solar system history. Evidence from the structure of the Kuiper belt, an icy debris belt beyond Neptune, suggests that the giant planets were born in a more compact configuration and later experienced planetesimal-driven planet migration. Giant planet migration caused both mean mot ...
Comets
... What are we learning from Stardust? -The comet’s nucleus has a surprising amount of minerals that formed in a high temperature environment (but comets are COLD in the outer solar system!). Material formed closer to our Sun or around another star altogether. -The 4.5 billion-year-old comet sulfides ( ...
... What are we learning from Stardust? -The comet’s nucleus has a surprising amount of minerals that formed in a high temperature environment (but comets are COLD in the outer solar system!). Material formed closer to our Sun or around another star altogether. -The 4.5 billion-year-old comet sulfides ( ...
High-resolution simulations of the final assembly of Earth
... in Table 1. In all cases we follow an r−3/2 surface density profile with total mass in solid bodies between 8.5 and 10 M⊕ . All protoplanets are given small initial eccentricities (≤ 0.02) and inclinations (≤ 1◦ ). (Note that we use the term “protoplanets” to encompass both planetary embryos and pla ...
... in Table 1. In all cases we follow an r−3/2 surface density profile with total mass in solid bodies between 8.5 and 10 M⊕ . All protoplanets are given small initial eccentricities (≤ 0.02) and inclinations (≤ 1◦ ). (Note that we use the term “protoplanets” to encompass both planetary embryos and pla ...
THE IRREGULAR SATELLITES: THE MOST COLLISIONALLY
... and retrograde orbits in a realm where planetary perturbations are only slightly larger than solar ones. Their size distributions and total numbers are surprisingly comparable to one another, with the observed populations at Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus having remarkably shallow power-law slopes for ...
... and retrograde orbits in a realm where planetary perturbations are only slightly larger than solar ones. Their size distributions and total numbers are surprisingly comparable to one another, with the observed populations at Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus having remarkably shallow power-law slopes for ...
Ultra Deep Survey for Irregular Satellites of Uranus
... operated to capture satellites: (1) gas drag in an extended, primordial planetary atmosphere ( Pollack et al. 1979), (2) pulldown capture caused by the mass growth of the planet and consequent expansion of the Hill sphere ( Heppenheimer & Porco 1977), and (3) orbital energy dissipation from collisio ...
... operated to capture satellites: (1) gas drag in an extended, primordial planetary atmosphere ( Pollack et al. 1979), (2) pulldown capture caused by the mass growth of the planet and consequent expansion of the Hill sphere ( Heppenheimer & Porco 1977), and (3) orbital energy dissipation from collisio ...
On the Migratory Behavior of Planetary Systems The Harvard
... systems evolve: is planetary migration typically a smooth, disk-driven process or a violent process involving strong multi-body gravitational interactions? First, we analyze evidence from the dynamical structure of debris disks dynamically sculpted during planets’ migration. Based on the orbital pro ...
... systems evolve: is planetary migration typically a smooth, disk-driven process or a violent process involving strong multi-body gravitational interactions? First, we analyze evidence from the dynamical structure of debris disks dynamically sculpted during planets’ migration. Based on the orbital pro ...
an ultradeep survey for irregular satellites of uranus
... were examined by visually blinking them on a computer display screen for moving objects again with motions indicative of distances beyond Jupiter. We determined the limiting magnitude of the survey in the absence of scattered light from Uranus by placing artificial objects in the fields matched to t ...
... were examined by visually blinking them on a computer display screen for moving objects again with motions indicative of distances beyond Jupiter. We determined the limiting magnitude of the survey in the absence of scattered light from Uranus by placing artificial objects in the fields matched to t ...
Etymology - Link Observatory
... region of the outer planets (Jupiter and beyond) at aphelion; Orbits of the Kohoutek Comet (red) and the Earth (blue), illustrating the high eccentricity of its orbit and its rapid for example, the aphelion of Halley's Comet is a little beyond motion when close to the Sun. the orbit of Neptune. Come ...
... region of the outer planets (Jupiter and beyond) at aphelion; Orbits of the Kohoutek Comet (red) and the Earth (blue), illustrating the high eccentricity of its orbit and its rapid for example, the aphelion of Halley's Comet is a little beyond motion when close to the Sun. the orbit of Neptune. Come ...
Irregular Satellites - Southwest Research Institute
... origin, which is intimately linked with the origin of the planets themselves, is yet to be explained. Here we report a study of the orbital and collisional evolution of the irregular satellites from times after their formation to the present epoch. The purpose of this study is to find out the feature ...
... origin, which is intimately linked with the origin of the planets themselves, is yet to be explained. Here we report a study of the orbital and collisional evolution of the irregular satellites from times after their formation to the present epoch. The purpose of this study is to find out the feature ...
The accretion of Uranus and Neptune by collisions among planetary
... that the former should/may have influenced the accretion process of the latter and (b) whatever mechanism allowed the formation of Jupiter (obviously not the presence of a pre-existing giant planet!), it did not work for Uranus and Neptune, otherwise they would have formed nearly at the same time as ...
... that the former should/may have influenced the accretion process of the latter and (b) whatever mechanism allowed the formation of Jupiter (obviously not the presence of a pre-existing giant planet!), it did not work for Uranus and Neptune, otherwise they would have formed nearly at the same time as ...
Asteroids in the inner Solar system II. Observable
... distribution of magnitude adjustment versus geocentric longitude. The brightest objects occur at `g < 08: These are the asteroids at superior conjunction. Even though they are furthest away from the Earth, this is outweighed by the effects of the almost zero phase angle. Of course, this portion is o ...
... distribution of magnitude adjustment versus geocentric longitude. The brightest objects occur at `g < 08: These are the asteroids at superior conjunction. Even though they are furthest away from the Earth, this is outweighed by the effects of the almost zero phase angle. Of course, this portion is o ...
The Dynamical History of Chariklo and its Rings
... photographic plates, which allowed the object’s orbit to be precisely determined. It was soon realised that Chiron followed an unusual path around the Sun, spending the vast majority of its time between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus (Kowai et al. 1979). In the decades since Chiron’s discovery, man ...
... photographic plates, which allowed the object’s orbit to be precisely determined. It was soon realised that Chiron followed an unusual path around the Sun, spending the vast majority of its time between the orbits of Saturn and Uranus (Kowai et al. 1979). In the decades since Chiron’s discovery, man ...
ABSTRACT
... In stable solar systems, planets remain in nearly elliptical orbits around their stars. Over longer timescales, however, their orbital shapes and sizes change due to mutual gravitational perturbations. Orbits of satellites around a planet vary for the same reason. Because of their interactions, the ...
... In stable solar systems, planets remain in nearly elliptical orbits around their stars. Over longer timescales, however, their orbital shapes and sizes change due to mutual gravitational perturbations. Orbits of satellites around a planet vary for the same reason. Because of their interactions, the ...
The Long-Term Dynamical Evolution of Planetary Systems
... majority of the primordial objects (by number) have been dynamically removed. Some of these bodies were incorporated into the forming planets, some were scattered to other locations within the solar system, and some where ejected. The remaining objects (those that make up the current populations of ...
... majority of the primordial objects (by number) have been dynamically removed. Some of these bodies were incorporated into the forming planets, some were scattered to other locations within the solar system, and some where ejected. The remaining objects (those that make up the current populations of ...
Regular and Chaotic Dynamics in the Mean
... resonances (MMRs) in the last decade that major advances have been made in this area, and these advances have broad consequences for our understanding of asteroids. An attentive observer of this branch of dynamical astronomy would have noted the following progress. It was shown that bodies in the ma ...
... resonances (MMRs) in the last decade that major advances have been made in this area, and these advances have broad consequences for our understanding of asteroids. An attentive observer of this branch of dynamical astronomy would have noted the following progress. It was shown that bodies in the ma ...
Pluto: Dwarf Planet - ASTR101
... • Pluto is a dwarf planet • Pluto has more moons than Mars • Its orbit is so highly inclined, and ellipUcal enough to come closer to the sun than any other planets • Only has 65% of the diameter of Earth’s moon • Very hard to see from Earth • Its orbit is so far from the Sun that even t ...
... • Pluto is a dwarf planet • Pluto has more moons than Mars • Its orbit is so highly inclined, and ellipUcal enough to come closer to the sun than any other planets • Only has 65% of the diameter of Earth’s moon • Very hard to see from Earth • Its orbit is so far from the Sun that even t ...
Triton`s Evolution with a Primordial Neptunian Satellite System
... object, likely from a separated KBO binary [1]. If Neptune had a primordial satellite system with a mass ratio of Msat/MNep ~10-4 (as suggested by some satellite accretion models of gas planets [2]), then Triton’s mass seems near the minimum value required for a retrograde object to have destroyed t ...
... object, likely from a separated KBO binary [1]. If Neptune had a primordial satellite system with a mass ratio of Msat/MNep ~10-4 (as suggested by some satellite accretion models of gas planets [2]), then Triton’s mass seems near the minimum value required for a retrograde object to have destroyed t ...
PPT
... R = 1/year (star formation) fp = 1 (fraction that have planets) ne = 0.1 (fraction of Earth-like planets in the system) fl = 1 (fraction on which life actually evolves) fi = 1 (fraction of those that evolve into intelligent beings) fc = 1 (fraction of those that develop the right technology to send ...
... R = 1/year (star formation) fp = 1 (fraction that have planets) ne = 0.1 (fraction of Earth-like planets in the system) fl = 1 (fraction on which life actually evolves) fi = 1 (fraction of those that evolve into intelligent beings) fc = 1 (fraction of those that develop the right technology to send ...
Scattered disc
The scattered disc (or scattered disk) is a distant region of the Solar System that is sparsely populated by icy minor planets, a subset of the broader family of trans-Neptunian objects. The scattered-disc objects (SDOs) have orbital eccentricities ranging as high as 0.8, inclinations as high as 40°, and perihelia greater than 30 astronomical units (4.5×109 km; 2.8×109 mi). These extreme orbits are thought to be the result of gravitational ""scattering"" by the gas giants, and the objects continue to be subject to perturbation by the planet Neptune.Although the closest scattered-disc objects approach the Sun at about 30–35 AU, their orbits can extend well beyond 100 AU. This makes scattered objects among the most distant and coldest objects in the Solar System. The innermost portion of the scattered disc overlaps with a torus-shaped region of orbiting objects traditionally called the Kuiper belt, but its outer limits reach much farther away from the Sun and farther above and below the ecliptic than the Kuiper belt proper.Because of its unstable nature, astronomers now consider the scattered disc to be the place of origin for most periodic comets in the Solar System, with the centaurs, a population of icy bodies between Jupiter and Neptune, being the intermediate stage in an object's migration from the disc to the inner Solar System. Eventually, perturbations from the giant planets send such objects towards the Sun, transforming them into periodic comets. Many Oort cloud objects are also thought to have originated in the scattered disc. Detached objects are not sharply distinct from scattered disc objects, and some such as Sedna have sometimes been considered to be included in this group.