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REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS Regular Verbs Those verbs that form their past participle with ‘d’ or ‘ed’ are regular verbs. These verbs do not undergo substantial changes while changing forms between tenses. 1. If the verb ends with a vowel, only ‘d’ is added. For example: PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE Share Shared Scare Scared Dare Dared 2. If the verb ends with a consonant, ‘ed’ is added. For example: PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE Want Wanted Shout Shouted Kill Killed Irregular Verbs Those verbs that undergo substantial changes when changing forms between tenses are irregular verbs. The changed forms of these verbs are often unrecognisably different from the originals. For example: PRESENT TENSE PAST TENSE Go Went Run Ran Think Thought There is no way to tell what form an irregular verb is going to take in a changed tense; the only option for an English speaker is to commit the changes to memory. With practice, it will become a matter of habit. The English language uses both regular and irregular verbs. When forming the past tense or the present/past perfect tense of these verbs, we use different methods. To form the past tense of a regular verb ending with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), add a d to the word. To form the present/past perfect tense, add a d plus a helping verb (have, had, or has). For example, the verb share ends with the vowel e. share = present tense shared (share + d) = past tense had shared (had + share + d) = past perfect tense (have is the helping verb) If the regular verb ends with a consonant, add ed for the past tense. Add ed plus a helping verb for the present/past perfect tense. For example, the verb pour ends with the consonant r. pour = present tense poured (pour + ed) = past tense have poured (have + pour + ed) = present perfect tense (If you need help understanding tense, please ask a CWC instructor for a handout on definition of tense.) Unlike regular verbs, irregular verbs do not follow a pattern. You must memorize them. For example, the irregular verb see has three principal parts: see, saw, seen. I see the stars= present tense I saw the stars= past tense I have seen the stars= present perfect tense